MEDICATIONS, NURS 150 EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
beta blockers side effects - Answer--bradycardia
-hypotension
-heart failure
-N/V/D
-weakness
-pulmonary edema fatigue
-dizziness
-constipation
-sexual dysfunction
*less effective in African Americans
calcium channel blockers action - Answer-blocks channels that allow calcium to enter
myocardial & vascular smooth muscle cells, inhibiting them from contracting. the result
is vasodilation which decreases BP and decreases vascular spasms
calcium channel blockers nursing implications - Answer--assess BP/apical pulse 30 min
prior to administering
-monitor daily weight and I&Os
-monitor for hypotension and peripheral edema
-assess for HF (dyspnea, rales/crackles, weight gain, peripheral edema)
-assess for angina
-monitor ECG continuously during therapy
-assess neurological status, may cause cerebral vasospasm
-monitor labs - potassium, renal and hepatic functions, may increase hepatic enzymes,
may decrease platelet count
calcium channel blockers side effects - Answer--constipation
-dizziness
-heart palpitations
-fatigue
-flushing of skin
-headache
-edema
*african americans respond best to these
Diuretics action - Answer--enhance the excretion of electrolytes and water by affecting
renal mechanisms for tubular secretion and reabsorption
-reduce fluid volume through the veins and arteries which can help reduce BP
types of diuretics - Answer-thiazide, loop, potassium sparing
, ace (angiotensin converting enzyme) inhibitors action - Answer-block the conversion of
angiotensin I to angiotensin II which is a vasoconstrictor. Prevents degradation of
bradykinin and other vasodilatory prostaglandins. Increases plasma renin levels and
decreases aldosterone levels = systemic vasodilation
ACE inhibitors drug examples - Answer--LisinoPRIL
-EnalaPRIL
-QuiniPRIL
-CaptoPRILL
ACE inhibitors nursing implications - Answer--monitor BP and HR
-assess for signs of angioedema (swelling of face, extremities, eyes, lips, tongue,
difficulty swallowing or breathing)
-monitor weight
-caution against using potassium containing salt substitutes
-lab - can cause hyperkalemia, alter kidney function BUN & creatinine
ACE inhibitors side effects - Answer--hypotension
-dry Cough
-angioedema
-CP
-NVD
-fatigue
-headache
-weakness
-hyperkalemia
*use cautiously in African American patients
cholesterol absorption inhibitors - Answer--inhibits absorption of cholesterol in small
intestine
-Ezetimibe
Bile Acid Sequestrants - Answer--sub category of anti-lipidemic meds
-binds with bile acid in the gut and interrupts recirculation of bile acids
-lowers LDL & triglycerides
-can cause GI bloating & constipation
-Questran
HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors (Statins) - Answer--most powerful and best tolerated
medications given to lower LDLs
-also protective - anti-inflammatory, anti-thrombotic
-atorvaSTATIN
-SimvaSTATIN
-LovaSTATIN
side effects of anti-lipidemic meds - Answer--constipation, bloating, nausea
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
beta blockers side effects - Answer--bradycardia
-hypotension
-heart failure
-N/V/D
-weakness
-pulmonary edema fatigue
-dizziness
-constipation
-sexual dysfunction
*less effective in African Americans
calcium channel blockers action - Answer-blocks channels that allow calcium to enter
myocardial & vascular smooth muscle cells, inhibiting them from contracting. the result
is vasodilation which decreases BP and decreases vascular spasms
calcium channel blockers nursing implications - Answer--assess BP/apical pulse 30 min
prior to administering
-monitor daily weight and I&Os
-monitor for hypotension and peripheral edema
-assess for HF (dyspnea, rales/crackles, weight gain, peripheral edema)
-assess for angina
-monitor ECG continuously during therapy
-assess neurological status, may cause cerebral vasospasm
-monitor labs - potassium, renal and hepatic functions, may increase hepatic enzymes,
may decrease platelet count
calcium channel blockers side effects - Answer--constipation
-dizziness
-heart palpitations
-fatigue
-flushing of skin
-headache
-edema
*african americans respond best to these
Diuretics action - Answer--enhance the excretion of electrolytes and water by affecting
renal mechanisms for tubular secretion and reabsorption
-reduce fluid volume through the veins and arteries which can help reduce BP
types of diuretics - Answer-thiazide, loop, potassium sparing
, ace (angiotensin converting enzyme) inhibitors action - Answer-block the conversion of
angiotensin I to angiotensin II which is a vasoconstrictor. Prevents degradation of
bradykinin and other vasodilatory prostaglandins. Increases plasma renin levels and
decreases aldosterone levels = systemic vasodilation
ACE inhibitors drug examples - Answer--LisinoPRIL
-EnalaPRIL
-QuiniPRIL
-CaptoPRILL
ACE inhibitors nursing implications - Answer--monitor BP and HR
-assess for signs of angioedema (swelling of face, extremities, eyes, lips, tongue,
difficulty swallowing or breathing)
-monitor weight
-caution against using potassium containing salt substitutes
-lab - can cause hyperkalemia, alter kidney function BUN & creatinine
ACE inhibitors side effects - Answer--hypotension
-dry Cough
-angioedema
-CP
-NVD
-fatigue
-headache
-weakness
-hyperkalemia
*use cautiously in African American patients
cholesterol absorption inhibitors - Answer--inhibits absorption of cholesterol in small
intestine
-Ezetimibe
Bile Acid Sequestrants - Answer--sub category of anti-lipidemic meds
-binds with bile acid in the gut and interrupts recirculation of bile acids
-lowers LDL & triglycerides
-can cause GI bloating & constipation
-Questran
HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors (Statins) - Answer--most powerful and best tolerated
medications given to lower LDLs
-also protective - anti-inflammatory, anti-thrombotic
-atorvaSTATIN
-SimvaSTATIN
-LovaSTATIN
side effects of anti-lipidemic meds - Answer--constipation, bloating, nausea
