NREMT QUESTIONS WITH ACCURATE ANSWERS
D (Tending to ABC's & monitoring vitals is important to determine onset of an
anaphylaxis. If you administer epi you wouldn't have the patient sign a
transport refusal. If you administer care, the patient must be transported. You
do not need to make sure her BP is over 100 mmHg [that is for nitro] Having
vital signs within normal limits is not a necessary criteria for giving
epinephrine) Accurate Answer - Arrive on scene to find a woman with
hives over much of her body. She is wheezing and complaining of difficulty
breathing. Her husband says she was stung by a hornet and has no prior
history of allergies. What would be the best course of action?
A) Use an autoinject epinephrine pen and administer to the patient's thigh.
Obtain signed transport refusal.
B) Make sure blood pressure is above 100 mmHg and inject her with
epinephrine 1/1000.
C) Get her BP, pulse, and respirations and then inject her with epinephrine
only if her vitals are within normal limits.
D) High flow O2 and rapid transportation if the patient appears to be going
into anaphylaxis.
B Accurate Answer - You have just arrived on scene to a call of man
down. A man is lying prone on the sidewalk outside of a bar and there are
several bystanders who say they witnessed him just fall over forward. As you
check his pulse and respirations you find that he is breathing shallow at about
8 per minute and his pulse is 112. What would be the proper choice of action?
A) Shake him to see if he wakes up, take his blood pressure, and put a c-collar
on him
B) While maintaining c-spine precautions log roll him to a supine position and
open his airway
C) Do a rapid trauma assessment and then take his blood pressure
D) Ask the bystanders if he had been drinking and then log roll him onto a
backboard
C Accurate Answer - What would be the correct sequence of treatment
for a 76 year old female with a pulse of 142. The patient is also cyanotic
around the lips and nail beds?
,A) Ventilate her with a BVM and transport
B) Continue assessment to determine cause and call ALS
C) Continue assessing en route to the hospital and apply high flow O2
D) Perform a rapid trauma assessment and transport rapidly
B (Even though the 31 year old is breathing slightly irregular, they're w/in
range & considered adequate. The 10 y/o may be just inside the top limit of
respirations, is not breathing adequately b/c of accessory muscle use)
Accurate Answer - Which of the following patients has adequate respirations?
A) 55 year old woman with paradoxical chest expansion at 22 per minute
B) 31 year old man breathing at 20 per minute and slightly irregular
C) 6 month old child who is breathing at 22 per minute
D) 10 year old who is breathing with accessory muscles at 30 per minute
D Accurate Answer - Use of an SpO2 monitor on a person suffering
from carbon monoxide poisoning will be inaccurate because ___________.
A) The oxygen has stronger bonding properties than the CO2 molecule
B) CO2 is odorless and tasteless so the monitor cannot detect it
C) Carbon monoxide has a weaker bond with the hemoglobin
D) The carbon monoxide molecule displaces the oxygen molecule inhibiting
oxygen delivery
D (Initially form a general impression of the patient using PAT- Work of
Breathing, Skin Circulation, Appearance. PAT is used to form a rapid general
impression of a child w/o physical contact. Look at child's appearance and
muscle tone. Look at work of breathing for signs of respiratory distress.
Tachypnea or retractions of sternum and or intercostal muscles is a sign of
respiratory difficulty. Look at skin as a quick reference for circulation. Pallor
can be a sign of poor circulation.) Accurate Answer - Your patient is an
18 month old boy who, as reported by his mother, is "acting strange". You
arrive to find the child reclined in his mother's arms. "I don't know what's
wrong with him," she says. "I came out of the bathroom and he started making
odd sounds and had spit running out of his mouth." What is the first thing you
should do?
A) Roll the child into a recovery position and begin suctioning the oropharynx.
,B) Notify the pediatric ward at the hospital of the situation and do a rapid
transport with high flow O2 via NRB.
C) Insert a properly measured OPA to secure the airway. Pad the child's
shoulders to align the airway.
D) Get a general impression of the child by visually assessing the quality of his
respirations, his skin color, and his appearance.
C (Opening the eyes for pain nets 2 points, no verbal response gets 1 point,
and no motor response nets 1 point for a total of 4 points.) Accurate
Answer - You arrive on scene to find a man in his 20's lying in a pool of vomit.
You can see that he is breathing at about 16 breaths per minute and the depth
of respiration is adequate. He has a small laceration on his forehead. You try
getting a response by calling "Hey man can you hear me?" but he does not
answer. Your partner gives him a quick sternal rub and his eyes pop open
along with a whimper under his breath and then they close again. You ask him
to perform several motor functions but he does not comply. He does not
answer any of your questions. This man has a GCS of what?
A) 14
B) 9
C) 4
D) 7
D (These are signs and symptoms of a possible failure of the left ventricle. The
pump portion of the heart is unable to pump efficiently and fluid begins to
back up into the lungs.) Accurate Answer - You are assessing an 84
year old man. Upon auscultation of the lungs you discover crackles or rale
sounds. He is complaining of chest pain and congestion. These signs and
symptoms can indicate?
A) An embolism
B) Collapse of the vena cava
C) Right ventricular failure
D) Left ventricular failure
C Accurate Answer - 10. The pediatric assessment triangle is composed
of three elements:
A) Level of Consciousness, Quality of Respirations, General Appearance
, B) Muscle Tone, Respiratory depth and rate, Perfusion
C) Circulation, Appearance, Work of Breathing
D) Blood pressure, Pulse rate, Respiratory Rate
D (A pulse pressure is considered abnormally low if <25% of the systolic
value. In this question it is about 20% of the systolic value. The PP = systolic -
diastolic. 109 - 88 = 21 mmHg. Low pulse pressure suggests significant blood
loss. If the pulse pressure is extremely low, i.e. 25 mmHg or less, the cause
may be low stroke volume, as in CHF &/or shock. A low PP can also be caused
by aortic valve stenosis and cardiac tamponade) Accurate Answer - A
57 year old woman is complaining of chest pain. Her blood pressure is 109/88
and her respirations are at 22 per minute. What condition does the patient's
blood pressure indicate?
A) Paradoxical pressure
B) Systolic transcardiac eschemia
C) Martiners Rule
D) Low pulse pressure
D (TIA is a blockage of vessels in the brain that usually subsides after 10-15
min. However, if the patient's sxs persist >15 min, continue to treat the patient
as if they are having a CVA (Cerebrovascular Accident). If resolution takes
place within the 10-15 min, then chances are they had a TIA. The final
diagnosis of TIA is made if the sxs resolve w/in 24 hrs & is determined by a
physician.) Accurate Answer - A Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA) will
usually stop after:
A) 30-60 minutes
B) 1-2 days
C) Proper intervention
D) 10-15 minutes
A Accurate Answer - During an assessment of a 78 year old woman you
find her skin to be cool, moist, and pale. What would you suspect?
A) Hypoperfusion
B) Hyperthermia
C) Vasovagal
D) Hyperglycemia
D (Tending to ABC's & monitoring vitals is important to determine onset of an
anaphylaxis. If you administer epi you wouldn't have the patient sign a
transport refusal. If you administer care, the patient must be transported. You
do not need to make sure her BP is over 100 mmHg [that is for nitro] Having
vital signs within normal limits is not a necessary criteria for giving
epinephrine) Accurate Answer - Arrive on scene to find a woman with
hives over much of her body. She is wheezing and complaining of difficulty
breathing. Her husband says she was stung by a hornet and has no prior
history of allergies. What would be the best course of action?
A) Use an autoinject epinephrine pen and administer to the patient's thigh.
Obtain signed transport refusal.
B) Make sure blood pressure is above 100 mmHg and inject her with
epinephrine 1/1000.
C) Get her BP, pulse, and respirations and then inject her with epinephrine
only if her vitals are within normal limits.
D) High flow O2 and rapid transportation if the patient appears to be going
into anaphylaxis.
B Accurate Answer - You have just arrived on scene to a call of man
down. A man is lying prone on the sidewalk outside of a bar and there are
several bystanders who say they witnessed him just fall over forward. As you
check his pulse and respirations you find that he is breathing shallow at about
8 per minute and his pulse is 112. What would be the proper choice of action?
A) Shake him to see if he wakes up, take his blood pressure, and put a c-collar
on him
B) While maintaining c-spine precautions log roll him to a supine position and
open his airway
C) Do a rapid trauma assessment and then take his blood pressure
D) Ask the bystanders if he had been drinking and then log roll him onto a
backboard
C Accurate Answer - What would be the correct sequence of treatment
for a 76 year old female with a pulse of 142. The patient is also cyanotic
around the lips and nail beds?
,A) Ventilate her with a BVM and transport
B) Continue assessment to determine cause and call ALS
C) Continue assessing en route to the hospital and apply high flow O2
D) Perform a rapid trauma assessment and transport rapidly
B (Even though the 31 year old is breathing slightly irregular, they're w/in
range & considered adequate. The 10 y/o may be just inside the top limit of
respirations, is not breathing adequately b/c of accessory muscle use)
Accurate Answer - Which of the following patients has adequate respirations?
A) 55 year old woman with paradoxical chest expansion at 22 per minute
B) 31 year old man breathing at 20 per minute and slightly irregular
C) 6 month old child who is breathing at 22 per minute
D) 10 year old who is breathing with accessory muscles at 30 per minute
D Accurate Answer - Use of an SpO2 monitor on a person suffering
from carbon monoxide poisoning will be inaccurate because ___________.
A) The oxygen has stronger bonding properties than the CO2 molecule
B) CO2 is odorless and tasteless so the monitor cannot detect it
C) Carbon monoxide has a weaker bond with the hemoglobin
D) The carbon monoxide molecule displaces the oxygen molecule inhibiting
oxygen delivery
D (Initially form a general impression of the patient using PAT- Work of
Breathing, Skin Circulation, Appearance. PAT is used to form a rapid general
impression of a child w/o physical contact. Look at child's appearance and
muscle tone. Look at work of breathing for signs of respiratory distress.
Tachypnea or retractions of sternum and or intercostal muscles is a sign of
respiratory difficulty. Look at skin as a quick reference for circulation. Pallor
can be a sign of poor circulation.) Accurate Answer - Your patient is an
18 month old boy who, as reported by his mother, is "acting strange". You
arrive to find the child reclined in his mother's arms. "I don't know what's
wrong with him," she says. "I came out of the bathroom and he started making
odd sounds and had spit running out of his mouth." What is the first thing you
should do?
A) Roll the child into a recovery position and begin suctioning the oropharynx.
,B) Notify the pediatric ward at the hospital of the situation and do a rapid
transport with high flow O2 via NRB.
C) Insert a properly measured OPA to secure the airway. Pad the child's
shoulders to align the airway.
D) Get a general impression of the child by visually assessing the quality of his
respirations, his skin color, and his appearance.
C (Opening the eyes for pain nets 2 points, no verbal response gets 1 point,
and no motor response nets 1 point for a total of 4 points.) Accurate
Answer - You arrive on scene to find a man in his 20's lying in a pool of vomit.
You can see that he is breathing at about 16 breaths per minute and the depth
of respiration is adequate. He has a small laceration on his forehead. You try
getting a response by calling "Hey man can you hear me?" but he does not
answer. Your partner gives him a quick sternal rub and his eyes pop open
along with a whimper under his breath and then they close again. You ask him
to perform several motor functions but he does not comply. He does not
answer any of your questions. This man has a GCS of what?
A) 14
B) 9
C) 4
D) 7
D (These are signs and symptoms of a possible failure of the left ventricle. The
pump portion of the heart is unable to pump efficiently and fluid begins to
back up into the lungs.) Accurate Answer - You are assessing an 84
year old man. Upon auscultation of the lungs you discover crackles or rale
sounds. He is complaining of chest pain and congestion. These signs and
symptoms can indicate?
A) An embolism
B) Collapse of the vena cava
C) Right ventricular failure
D) Left ventricular failure
C Accurate Answer - 10. The pediatric assessment triangle is composed
of three elements:
A) Level of Consciousness, Quality of Respirations, General Appearance
, B) Muscle Tone, Respiratory depth and rate, Perfusion
C) Circulation, Appearance, Work of Breathing
D) Blood pressure, Pulse rate, Respiratory Rate
D (A pulse pressure is considered abnormally low if <25% of the systolic
value. In this question it is about 20% of the systolic value. The PP = systolic -
diastolic. 109 - 88 = 21 mmHg. Low pulse pressure suggests significant blood
loss. If the pulse pressure is extremely low, i.e. 25 mmHg or less, the cause
may be low stroke volume, as in CHF &/or shock. A low PP can also be caused
by aortic valve stenosis and cardiac tamponade) Accurate Answer - A
57 year old woman is complaining of chest pain. Her blood pressure is 109/88
and her respirations are at 22 per minute. What condition does the patient's
blood pressure indicate?
A) Paradoxical pressure
B) Systolic transcardiac eschemia
C) Martiners Rule
D) Low pulse pressure
D (TIA is a blockage of vessels in the brain that usually subsides after 10-15
min. However, if the patient's sxs persist >15 min, continue to treat the patient
as if they are having a CVA (Cerebrovascular Accident). If resolution takes
place within the 10-15 min, then chances are they had a TIA. The final
diagnosis of TIA is made if the sxs resolve w/in 24 hrs & is determined by a
physician.) Accurate Answer - A Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA) will
usually stop after:
A) 30-60 minutes
B) 1-2 days
C) Proper intervention
D) 10-15 minutes
A Accurate Answer - During an assessment of a 78 year old woman you
find her skin to be cool, moist, and pale. What would you suspect?
A) Hypoperfusion
B) Hyperthermia
C) Vasovagal
D) Hyperglycemia
