. Which of the following is the primary purpose of hand hygiene in healthcare?
A) To prevent the spread of infections
B) To improve patient comfort
C) To reduce the risk of medication errors
D) To avoid cross-contamination of equipment
Answer: A) To prevent the spread of infections
Rationale: Hand hygiene is crucial in preventing the transmission of infections from one patient
to another, as well as between healthcare workers and patients.
2. Which of the following is the correct order of the nursing process?
A) Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation
B) Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation
C) Assessment, Diagnosis, Implementation, Planning, Evaluation
D) Planning, Diagnosis, Implementation, Evaluation, Assessment
Answer: B) Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation
Rationale: The nursing process follows a structured and systematic order, starting with
assessment and ending with evaluation to ensure effective patient care.
3. A nurse is caring for a patient who is at risk for developing pressure ulcers. Which
action should the nurse take to prevent this complication?
A) Reposition the patient every 2 hours
B) Encourage the patient to drink fluids regularly
C) Apply a moisturizing lotion to the skin daily
D) Use a special pressure-relieving mattress
Answer: A) Reposition the patient every 2 hours
Rationale: Regular repositioning helps alleviate pressure on bony prominences, which reduces
the risk of pressure ulcers.
4. Which of the following is an example of a primary prevention activity?
A) Administering a vaccine to prevent influenza
B) Monitoring blood pressure for signs of hypertension
C) Assisting in the rehabilitation of a stroke patient
D) Providing a support group for cancer patients
,Answer: A) Administering a vaccine to prevent influenza
Rationale: Primary prevention involves actions taken to prevent disease or injury before it
occurs, such as vaccination.
5. The nurse is assessing a 75-year-old patient and notes that the patient has difficulty
hearing. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
A) Speak in a loud voice to the patient
B) Increase the lighting in the room
C) Speak in a lower pitch and slow down the pace of speech
D) Ask the patient to lip-read
Answer: C) Speak in a lower pitch and slow down the pace of speech
Rationale: Older adults may have difficulty hearing high-pitched sounds. Speaking in a lower
pitch and at a slower pace helps ensure communication.
6. A nurse is caring for a postoperative patient who is receiving opioids for pain
management. Which of the following is the priority nursing intervention?
A) Encourage the patient to increase fluid intake
B) Assess for signs of respiratory depression
C) Monitor for signs of gastrointestinal bleeding
D) Administer an antiemetic for nausea
Answer: B) Assess for signs of respiratory depression
Rationale: Opioids can cause respiratory depression, which is a life-threatening complication.
Therefore, the priority is to monitor the patient's respiratory status.
7. A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a patient with diabetes. The nurse emphasizes
the importance of which of the following actions to prevent complications?
A) Limiting the intake of protein
B) Keeping blood sugar levels within a target range
C) Avoiding exercise during periods of hyperglycemia
D) Reducing the intake of carbohydrates only
Answer: B) Keeping blood sugar levels within a target range
Rationale: Maintaining blood glucose within a target range is essential for preventing diabetes-
related complications such as neuropathy and retinopathy.
, 8. Which of the following is the most appropriate way to identify a patient before
administering medication?
A) Ask the patient for their name
B) Ask the patient's family for the patient's name
C) Verify the patient's name and date of birth using two identifiers
D) Check the patient's identification band once
Answer: C) Verify the patient's name and date of birth using two identifiers
Rationale: Using two identifiers (such as name and date of birth) ensures that the correct patient
receives the correct medication.
9. The nurse is caring for a patient with a central venous catheter. Which action should the
nurse take to prevent infection?
A) Clean the insertion site with alcohol wipes before accessing the catheter
B) Use sterile technique when accessing the catheter
C) Flush the catheter with normal saline every 12 hours
D) Apply a topical antibiotic ointment to the insertion site
Answer: B) Use sterile technique when accessing the catheter
Rationale: Using sterile technique when accessing a central venous catheter is essential to
prevent infection.
10. The nurse is assessing a patient’s vital signs and finds the following: temperature 102°F,
pulse 120 bpm, respirations 28, and blood pressure 100/60. Which finding requires
immediate attention?
A) Temperature of 102°F
B) Pulse of 120 bpm
C) Respirations of 28
D) Blood pressure of 100/60
Answer: B) Pulse of 120 bpm
Rationale: A pulse of 120 bpm is significantly elevated and may indicate a serious underlying
issue, such as infection or sepsis, and warrants immediate attention.
A) To prevent the spread of infections
B) To improve patient comfort
C) To reduce the risk of medication errors
D) To avoid cross-contamination of equipment
Answer: A) To prevent the spread of infections
Rationale: Hand hygiene is crucial in preventing the transmission of infections from one patient
to another, as well as between healthcare workers and patients.
2. Which of the following is the correct order of the nursing process?
A) Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation
B) Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation
C) Assessment, Diagnosis, Implementation, Planning, Evaluation
D) Planning, Diagnosis, Implementation, Evaluation, Assessment
Answer: B) Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation
Rationale: The nursing process follows a structured and systematic order, starting with
assessment and ending with evaluation to ensure effective patient care.
3. A nurse is caring for a patient who is at risk for developing pressure ulcers. Which
action should the nurse take to prevent this complication?
A) Reposition the patient every 2 hours
B) Encourage the patient to drink fluids regularly
C) Apply a moisturizing lotion to the skin daily
D) Use a special pressure-relieving mattress
Answer: A) Reposition the patient every 2 hours
Rationale: Regular repositioning helps alleviate pressure on bony prominences, which reduces
the risk of pressure ulcers.
4. Which of the following is an example of a primary prevention activity?
A) Administering a vaccine to prevent influenza
B) Monitoring blood pressure for signs of hypertension
C) Assisting in the rehabilitation of a stroke patient
D) Providing a support group for cancer patients
,Answer: A) Administering a vaccine to prevent influenza
Rationale: Primary prevention involves actions taken to prevent disease or injury before it
occurs, such as vaccination.
5. The nurse is assessing a 75-year-old patient and notes that the patient has difficulty
hearing. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
A) Speak in a loud voice to the patient
B) Increase the lighting in the room
C) Speak in a lower pitch and slow down the pace of speech
D) Ask the patient to lip-read
Answer: C) Speak in a lower pitch and slow down the pace of speech
Rationale: Older adults may have difficulty hearing high-pitched sounds. Speaking in a lower
pitch and at a slower pace helps ensure communication.
6. A nurse is caring for a postoperative patient who is receiving opioids for pain
management. Which of the following is the priority nursing intervention?
A) Encourage the patient to increase fluid intake
B) Assess for signs of respiratory depression
C) Monitor for signs of gastrointestinal bleeding
D) Administer an antiemetic for nausea
Answer: B) Assess for signs of respiratory depression
Rationale: Opioids can cause respiratory depression, which is a life-threatening complication.
Therefore, the priority is to monitor the patient's respiratory status.
7. A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a patient with diabetes. The nurse emphasizes
the importance of which of the following actions to prevent complications?
A) Limiting the intake of protein
B) Keeping blood sugar levels within a target range
C) Avoiding exercise during periods of hyperglycemia
D) Reducing the intake of carbohydrates only
Answer: B) Keeping blood sugar levels within a target range
Rationale: Maintaining blood glucose within a target range is essential for preventing diabetes-
related complications such as neuropathy and retinopathy.
, 8. Which of the following is the most appropriate way to identify a patient before
administering medication?
A) Ask the patient for their name
B) Ask the patient's family for the patient's name
C) Verify the patient's name and date of birth using two identifiers
D) Check the patient's identification band once
Answer: C) Verify the patient's name and date of birth using two identifiers
Rationale: Using two identifiers (such as name and date of birth) ensures that the correct patient
receives the correct medication.
9. The nurse is caring for a patient with a central venous catheter. Which action should the
nurse take to prevent infection?
A) Clean the insertion site with alcohol wipes before accessing the catheter
B) Use sterile technique when accessing the catheter
C) Flush the catheter with normal saline every 12 hours
D) Apply a topical antibiotic ointment to the insertion site
Answer: B) Use sterile technique when accessing the catheter
Rationale: Using sterile technique when accessing a central venous catheter is essential to
prevent infection.
10. The nurse is assessing a patient’s vital signs and finds the following: temperature 102°F,
pulse 120 bpm, respirations 28, and blood pressure 100/60. Which finding requires
immediate attention?
A) Temperature of 102°F
B) Pulse of 120 bpm
C) Respirations of 28
D) Blood pressure of 100/60
Answer: B) Pulse of 120 bpm
Rationale: A pulse of 120 bpm is significantly elevated and may indicate a serious underlying
issue, such as infection or sepsis, and warrants immediate attention.
