Biological Anthropology Exam #1
(Chapters1-5) Questions and
Answers 100% Pass
primate - ✔✔member of the mammalian order Primates, including prosimians,
monkeys, apes, and humans, defined by a suite of anatomical and behavioral traits
evolution - ✔✔a change in the frequency of a gene or a trait in a population over
multiple generations (change over time)
biological anthropology - ✔✔the study of humans as biological organisms, considered
in an evolutionary framework; sometimes called physical anthropology
hominin - ✔✔a member of the primate family Hominidae, distinguished by bipedal
posture and, in more recently evolved species, a large brain
adaptation - ✔✔a trait that increases the reproductive success of an organism, produced
by natural selection in the context of a particular environment
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,anthropology - ✔✔the study of humankind in a cross-cultural context. Anthropology
includes the subfields cultural anthropology, linguistic anthropology, archaeology, and
biological anthropology
culture - ✔✔the sum total of learned traditions, values, and beliefs that groups of
people (and a few species of highly intelligent animals) possess
biocultural anthropology - ✔✔the study of the interaction between biology and culture,
which plays a role in most human traits
paleoanthropology - ✔✔the study of the fossil record of ancestral humans and their
primate kin
osteology - ✔✔the study of the skeleton
paleopathology - ✔✔the study of diseases in ancestral human populations
bioarchaeology - ✔✔the study of human remains in an archaeological context
forensic anthropology - ✔✔the study of human remains applied to a legal context
primatology - ✔✔the study of the non-human primates and their anatomy, genetics,
behavior, and ecology
human biology - ✔✔subfield of biological anthropology dealing with human growth
and development, adaptation to environmental extremes, and human genetics
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, physical anthropology - ✔✔the study of humans as biological organisms, considered in
an evolutionary framework
deduction - ✔✔a conclusion that follows logically from a set of observations
observation - ✔✔the gathering of scientific information by watching a phenomenon
hypothesis - ✔✔a preliminary explanation of a phenomenon. Hypothesis formation is
the first step of the scientific method
experimentation - ✔✔the testing of a hypothesis
data - ✔✔the scientific evidence produced by an experiment or by observation, from
which scientific conclusions are made
scientific method - ✔✔standard scientific research procedure in which a hypothesis is
stated, data are collected to test it, and the hypothesis either supported or refuted
falsifiable - ✔✔able to be shown to be false
paradigm - ✔✔a conceptual framework useful for understanding a body of evidence
immutability (or fixity) - ✔✔stasis, lack of change
taxonomy - ✔✔the science of biological classification
binomial nomenclature - ✔✔Linnean naming system for all organisms, consisting of a
genus and species label
Emily Charlene © All Rights Reserved 2025. 3
(Chapters1-5) Questions and
Answers 100% Pass
primate - ✔✔member of the mammalian order Primates, including prosimians,
monkeys, apes, and humans, defined by a suite of anatomical and behavioral traits
evolution - ✔✔a change in the frequency of a gene or a trait in a population over
multiple generations (change over time)
biological anthropology - ✔✔the study of humans as biological organisms, considered
in an evolutionary framework; sometimes called physical anthropology
hominin - ✔✔a member of the primate family Hominidae, distinguished by bipedal
posture and, in more recently evolved species, a large brain
adaptation - ✔✔a trait that increases the reproductive success of an organism, produced
by natural selection in the context of a particular environment
Emily Charlene © All Rights Reserved 2025. 1
,anthropology - ✔✔the study of humankind in a cross-cultural context. Anthropology
includes the subfields cultural anthropology, linguistic anthropology, archaeology, and
biological anthropology
culture - ✔✔the sum total of learned traditions, values, and beliefs that groups of
people (and a few species of highly intelligent animals) possess
biocultural anthropology - ✔✔the study of the interaction between biology and culture,
which plays a role in most human traits
paleoanthropology - ✔✔the study of the fossil record of ancestral humans and their
primate kin
osteology - ✔✔the study of the skeleton
paleopathology - ✔✔the study of diseases in ancestral human populations
bioarchaeology - ✔✔the study of human remains in an archaeological context
forensic anthropology - ✔✔the study of human remains applied to a legal context
primatology - ✔✔the study of the non-human primates and their anatomy, genetics,
behavior, and ecology
human biology - ✔✔subfield of biological anthropology dealing with human growth
and development, adaptation to environmental extremes, and human genetics
Emily Charlene © All Rights Reserved 2025. 2
, physical anthropology - ✔✔the study of humans as biological organisms, considered in
an evolutionary framework
deduction - ✔✔a conclusion that follows logically from a set of observations
observation - ✔✔the gathering of scientific information by watching a phenomenon
hypothesis - ✔✔a preliminary explanation of a phenomenon. Hypothesis formation is
the first step of the scientific method
experimentation - ✔✔the testing of a hypothesis
data - ✔✔the scientific evidence produced by an experiment or by observation, from
which scientific conclusions are made
scientific method - ✔✔standard scientific research procedure in which a hypothesis is
stated, data are collected to test it, and the hypothesis either supported or refuted
falsifiable - ✔✔able to be shown to be false
paradigm - ✔✔a conceptual framework useful for understanding a body of evidence
immutability (or fixity) - ✔✔stasis, lack of change
taxonomy - ✔✔the science of biological classification
binomial nomenclature - ✔✔Linnean naming system for all organisms, consisting of a
genus and species label
Emily Charlene © All Rights Reserved 2025. 3
