Chamizo’s Crusade Pharmacology
Heartburn GERD Antacid
PPIs
ACID CONTROLLING DRUGS H2 Blocke
rs!!
Antacids
Drug List: Magnesium Antacids
Aluminum Hydroxide
Aluminum Magnesium Combinations: Magaldrate/ Maalox/
Gelusil
Sodium Carbonate- baking soda
Calcium Carbonate- Tums
Indications: Peptic ulcer
Gastritis
Gastric Hyperacidity
Heartburn
Side Effects: Calcium Carbonate:
Constipation/Hypercalcemia
Rebound Hyperacidity when discontinued
Alkali Syndrome
Aluminum/Magnesium Combinations:
Constipation/ Diarrhea/ Stomach Cramps
Aluminum Hydroxide:
Constipation
Accumulation of Aluminum in serum, bone & CNS
Sodium Carbonate:
Constipation/ Sodium Retention
Magnesium:
Hypermagnesemia
Nursing Shake Liquid Antacids before use
Considerations Tablets must be chewed completely before swallowing
Take antacid with only small amount of water to prevent
diluting the antacid
Do not take other oral drugs within 2 hours of antacid(
interfere with absorption)
, Aluminum: Assess Elderly for Fecal Impaction or Intestinal
Obstruction
Monitor Serum Phosphorus for Hypophosphatemia
Sodium bicarbonate- Assess for Milk Alkali Syndrome,
Headache, Nausea, Vomiting, Hypercalcemia,
Hypophosphatemia
Calcium carbonate- do not give with milk or foods high in
Vitamin D, give 1 and 3 hours after meal
Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs)
Drug List: Omeprazole
Pantoprazole
Esomeprazole
Lansoprazole
Rabeprazole
Dexlansoprazole
Indications: Peptic ulcer
Gastric Esophageal Reflux
Side Effects: Hypersensitivity/ Anaphylaxis, and Serious Skin Reactions.
Headache,
Abdominal pain/ Diarrhea, or Constipation
Acute Renal Dysfunction
Osteoporosis, and acute lupus erythematosus.
Long-term use of PPIs may also increase the risk of
pneumonia
Nursing If Pt experience increased pain or signs of a bleeding ulcer,
Considerations: such as coughing/vomiting blood, this should be immediately
reported to their health care provider
H2 Antagonists( Histamine Antagonists)
Drug List: Famotidine
Cimetidine
Nizatidine Capsules
Ranitidine
Indications: GERD
Peptic ulcer disease
Erosive esophagitis
Hypersecretory conditions( Acidity)
, Adjunct treatment for the control of upper GI bleeding
Side Effects: Gynecomastia,
Prolonged QT interval
Confusion
Bleeding
Hepatotoxicity
Nursing Give antacid one hour before or after administration.
Considerations: Therapy may continue for 4-6 weeks or longer.
Smoking decreases effectiveness.
Caution: Assess for CNS changes in elderly( Confusion is a
major toxic effect)
Pt Immediately report increased pain or other signs of
bleeding ulcers such as coughing/vomiting of blood
, Chamizo’s Crusade Pharmacology
Cushing’s Addison’s Adrenal
Cortex &
ADRENAL DRUGS
Adrenal
Medulla!!
Drug List
Glucocorticoids: Adrenocorticotropic hormone
Betamethasone
Cortisone
Dexamethasone
Hydrocortisone Sodium Succinate
Methylprednisolone
Prednisolone
Triamcinolone
Mineralocorticoids: Aldosterone
Desoxycorticosterone
Fludrocortisone Acetate
Catecholamines: Epinephrine
Nor Epinephrine
Adrenal Steroid
Inhibitor: Aminoglutethimide
Indications:
Glucocorticoids: Replacement therapy
Adrenocortical insufficiency (Addison disease)
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
Hypopituitarism
Systemic symptomatic treatment
Acute
Allergic / Anaphylactic Reactions
Shock
Asthma
Heartburn GERD Antacid
PPIs
ACID CONTROLLING DRUGS H2 Blocke
rs!!
Antacids
Drug List: Magnesium Antacids
Aluminum Hydroxide
Aluminum Magnesium Combinations: Magaldrate/ Maalox/
Gelusil
Sodium Carbonate- baking soda
Calcium Carbonate- Tums
Indications: Peptic ulcer
Gastritis
Gastric Hyperacidity
Heartburn
Side Effects: Calcium Carbonate:
Constipation/Hypercalcemia
Rebound Hyperacidity when discontinued
Alkali Syndrome
Aluminum/Magnesium Combinations:
Constipation/ Diarrhea/ Stomach Cramps
Aluminum Hydroxide:
Constipation
Accumulation of Aluminum in serum, bone & CNS
Sodium Carbonate:
Constipation/ Sodium Retention
Magnesium:
Hypermagnesemia
Nursing Shake Liquid Antacids before use
Considerations Tablets must be chewed completely before swallowing
Take antacid with only small amount of water to prevent
diluting the antacid
Do not take other oral drugs within 2 hours of antacid(
interfere with absorption)
, Aluminum: Assess Elderly for Fecal Impaction or Intestinal
Obstruction
Monitor Serum Phosphorus for Hypophosphatemia
Sodium bicarbonate- Assess for Milk Alkali Syndrome,
Headache, Nausea, Vomiting, Hypercalcemia,
Hypophosphatemia
Calcium carbonate- do not give with milk or foods high in
Vitamin D, give 1 and 3 hours after meal
Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs)
Drug List: Omeprazole
Pantoprazole
Esomeprazole
Lansoprazole
Rabeprazole
Dexlansoprazole
Indications: Peptic ulcer
Gastric Esophageal Reflux
Side Effects: Hypersensitivity/ Anaphylaxis, and Serious Skin Reactions.
Headache,
Abdominal pain/ Diarrhea, or Constipation
Acute Renal Dysfunction
Osteoporosis, and acute lupus erythematosus.
Long-term use of PPIs may also increase the risk of
pneumonia
Nursing If Pt experience increased pain or signs of a bleeding ulcer,
Considerations: such as coughing/vomiting blood, this should be immediately
reported to their health care provider
H2 Antagonists( Histamine Antagonists)
Drug List: Famotidine
Cimetidine
Nizatidine Capsules
Ranitidine
Indications: GERD
Peptic ulcer disease
Erosive esophagitis
Hypersecretory conditions( Acidity)
, Adjunct treatment for the control of upper GI bleeding
Side Effects: Gynecomastia,
Prolonged QT interval
Confusion
Bleeding
Hepatotoxicity
Nursing Give antacid one hour before or after administration.
Considerations: Therapy may continue for 4-6 weeks or longer.
Smoking decreases effectiveness.
Caution: Assess for CNS changes in elderly( Confusion is a
major toxic effect)
Pt Immediately report increased pain or other signs of
bleeding ulcers such as coughing/vomiting of blood
, Chamizo’s Crusade Pharmacology
Cushing’s Addison’s Adrenal
Cortex &
ADRENAL DRUGS
Adrenal
Medulla!!
Drug List
Glucocorticoids: Adrenocorticotropic hormone
Betamethasone
Cortisone
Dexamethasone
Hydrocortisone Sodium Succinate
Methylprednisolone
Prednisolone
Triamcinolone
Mineralocorticoids: Aldosterone
Desoxycorticosterone
Fludrocortisone Acetate
Catecholamines: Epinephrine
Nor Epinephrine
Adrenal Steroid
Inhibitor: Aminoglutethimide
Indications:
Glucocorticoids: Replacement therapy
Adrenocortical insufficiency (Addison disease)
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
Hypopituitarism
Systemic symptomatic treatment
Acute
Allergic / Anaphylactic Reactions
Shock
Asthma
