NR667 Chamberlain CEA week 8 exit exam with answers
1.Blood Flow: Lungs Pulmonary Veins Left Atrium Aorta
Body Tissue Vena Cava Right Atrium Right Ventricle
Pulmonary Arteries Lungs
2.Symptoms with right vs left side heart blockage: · Blockage on the left
side of the heart backs up and causes lung symptoms
· Blockage on the right side of the heart backs up and causes body
symptoms (peripheral edema)
3.HNC8 HTN Guidelines: Defined as
140/90 Treatment algorithm:
Less than 60 years old - 140/90
> 60 years old - Defined as 150/90 (more leniency b/c we do not want to
drop their BP too low)
4.What hypertension medication should someone with DM and/or CKD be
on?: ACE or ARB (protects kidneys)
5.What HTN medication should an African American pt be on?: CCB
6.What HTN medications should be used in patients with heart failure?:
Carve- diolol and Thiazide diuretics
7.Common side effects from ACE inhibitors: cough, angioedema
,8.What HTN medication is contraindicated if an ACE inhibitor caused
an- gioedema?: ARB
9.What HTN medication should a heart failure pt NEVER be on?: CCB
(These cause the heart to "relax" which is not good in HF pts)
10.2 types of CCBs: Dihydropyridines & Non-dihydropyridines
11.What are dihydropyridine CCBs used for?: BP control
12.Example of a dihydropyridine CCB and side effects:
Amlodipine Bradycardic side effects, peripheral edema,
constipation
13.What are non-dihydropyridine CCBs used for?: arrhythmias
14.Example of a non-dihydropyridine CCB and side effects: cardizem
Tachycardic side effects/palpitations - these meds were peripherally
and have a rebound tachycardia
15.The atria (top chambers of the heart) work on which electrolytes?:
K+ (potassium) and Ca (calcium)
16. The ventricles (bottom chambers of the heart) work on which
electrolytes?-
: Na (sodium) and K+ (potassium)
17.Conditions in the atria needs medications that work on K+ or Ca such as
..: Cardizem (CCB) or Amiodarone (potassium channel blocker)
,18.Conditions in the ventricles needs medications that work on K+ or Na
such as ..: Amiodarone (potassium channel blocker)
19.What class of medications could be used for atrial and ventricular
condi- tions?: Beta-blockers or potassium channel blocker (Amiodarone)
20.What is the percentage of EF for someone with HF with reduced EF?:
< 40%
21.What is the percentage of EF for someone with HF with preserved EF?:
40 or greater
22.HF patients with reduced EF need to be on what medications?:
Carvedilol, loop diuretic, ACE, or ARB
23.What type of diuretics are more potent?: Loop diuretics
24.Which hypertensive medications are "cardio-protective"?: ACEs and ARB
25.Functional classes of HF (NYHA)::
26.: I: No sx
II: Sx w/ moderate
exertion III: Sx w ADLs
IV: Sx at rest
27.What is the ASCVD risk score?: measurement of a pt's 10 yr risk of an
adverse cardiac event
28.What are the high-intensity statins?: Atorvastatin 40-80
mg Rosuvastatin 20-40 mg
29.What happens during S1 heart sounds?: mitral valve closes and aortic
valve opens
30.Which structural heart condition can cause syncope or near-syncope?: -
, Aortic stenosis
31.Which structural heart condition cause a harsh, high-pitches sound
that can be heard in the neck or on the right side of the chest near the 2nd
intercostal space?: Aortic regurgitation/insufficiency
32. Which structural heart condition is very loud and can be heard on the
lower left side of the chest?: Mitral regurgitation/insufficiency
33.What are the 2 most common places for a AAA?: infra-renal and
ascending aorta
34.Which aortic aneurysm requires surgery right away?: Stanford A
(ascend- ing)
35.Which aortic aneurysm is often treated medically or with a possible graft
(but does not often need surgery)?: Stanford B (descending)
36.What is a medical intervention that should be done for a patient with
a Stanford B aneurysm?: Keep BP low
1.Blood Flow: Lungs Pulmonary Veins Left Atrium Aorta
Body Tissue Vena Cava Right Atrium Right Ventricle
Pulmonary Arteries Lungs
2.Symptoms with right vs left side heart blockage: · Blockage on the left
side of the heart backs up and causes lung symptoms
· Blockage on the right side of the heart backs up and causes body
symptoms (peripheral edema)
3.HNC8 HTN Guidelines: Defined as
140/90 Treatment algorithm:
Less than 60 years old - 140/90
> 60 years old - Defined as 150/90 (more leniency b/c we do not want to
drop their BP too low)
4.What hypertension medication should someone with DM and/or CKD be
on?: ACE or ARB (protects kidneys)
5.What HTN medication should an African American pt be on?: CCB
6.What HTN medications should be used in patients with heart failure?:
Carve- diolol and Thiazide diuretics
7.Common side effects from ACE inhibitors: cough, angioedema
,8.What HTN medication is contraindicated if an ACE inhibitor caused
an- gioedema?: ARB
9.What HTN medication should a heart failure pt NEVER be on?: CCB
(These cause the heart to "relax" which is not good in HF pts)
10.2 types of CCBs: Dihydropyridines & Non-dihydropyridines
11.What are dihydropyridine CCBs used for?: BP control
12.Example of a dihydropyridine CCB and side effects:
Amlodipine Bradycardic side effects, peripheral edema,
constipation
13.What are non-dihydropyridine CCBs used for?: arrhythmias
14.Example of a non-dihydropyridine CCB and side effects: cardizem
Tachycardic side effects/palpitations - these meds were peripherally
and have a rebound tachycardia
15.The atria (top chambers of the heart) work on which electrolytes?:
K+ (potassium) and Ca (calcium)
16. The ventricles (bottom chambers of the heart) work on which
electrolytes?-
: Na (sodium) and K+ (potassium)
17.Conditions in the atria needs medications that work on K+ or Ca such as
..: Cardizem (CCB) or Amiodarone (potassium channel blocker)
,18.Conditions in the ventricles needs medications that work on K+ or Na
such as ..: Amiodarone (potassium channel blocker)
19.What class of medications could be used for atrial and ventricular
condi- tions?: Beta-blockers or potassium channel blocker (Amiodarone)
20.What is the percentage of EF for someone with HF with reduced EF?:
< 40%
21.What is the percentage of EF for someone with HF with preserved EF?:
40 or greater
22.HF patients with reduced EF need to be on what medications?:
Carvedilol, loop diuretic, ACE, or ARB
23.What type of diuretics are more potent?: Loop diuretics
24.Which hypertensive medications are "cardio-protective"?: ACEs and ARB
25.Functional classes of HF (NYHA)::
26.: I: No sx
II: Sx w/ moderate
exertion III: Sx w ADLs
IV: Sx at rest
27.What is the ASCVD risk score?: measurement of a pt's 10 yr risk of an
adverse cardiac event
28.What are the high-intensity statins?: Atorvastatin 40-80
mg Rosuvastatin 20-40 mg
29.What happens during S1 heart sounds?: mitral valve closes and aortic
valve opens
30.Which structural heart condition can cause syncope or near-syncope?: -
, Aortic stenosis
31.Which structural heart condition cause a harsh, high-pitches sound
that can be heard in the neck or on the right side of the chest near the 2nd
intercostal space?: Aortic regurgitation/insufficiency
32. Which structural heart condition is very loud and can be heard on the
lower left side of the chest?: Mitral regurgitation/insufficiency
33.What are the 2 most common places for a AAA?: infra-renal and
ascending aorta
34.Which aortic aneurysm requires surgery right away?: Stanford A
(ascend- ing)
35.Which aortic aneurysm is often treated medically or with a possible graft
(but does not often need surgery)?: Stanford B (descending)
36.What is a medical intervention that should be done for a patient with
a Stanford B aneurysm?: Keep BP low
