Texas Teacher Certification Test: ELA &
Reading Exam Graded A+
_______________ is an articulation problem. - ANSWER-Lisping
6 Key components of language: - ANSWER-phonology, morphology, syntax, lexicon,
pragmatics, semantics
Babbling or Pre-Language Stage - ANSWER-0-6 months. use reflexive crying to
communicate. Play vocally
Connotation - ANSWER-The implied meaning of words and ideas
Denotation - ANSWER-The literal of words and ideas (Dictionary definition)
Dramatic Play - ANSWER-A type of play where students get the opportunity to role-play
simulations of real life
English had _____ graphemes to represent about _____ phonemes. - ANSWER-26, 44
Graphemes - ANSWER-Individual letters that represent phonemes
Holophrastic or One-Word Stage - ANSWER-11-19 months. Imitate the inflections and
facial expression of adults. Can recognize their name and follow simple instructions.
Understand word concepts.
How many levels of stress do English words have? - ANSWER-4: primary, secondary,
tertiary, and quaternary
Language Acquisition Device (LAD) - ANSWER-Something all humans are born with
that give us the mechanisms and abilities to acquire language. This is universal and
adapts to the languages being exposed or learned.
Language only emerges if this is triggered by stimuli from people in the child's
environment
Language Acquisition is made of 3 main components: - ANSWER-1. innate abilities and
mechanism of the learner
2. exposure to the speech of caretakers and parents
3. the interaction of children in their immediate linguistic environment
Language Play - ANSWER-A type of play involving rhyme, alliteration, songs, and
repetitive patterns
Lexicon - ANSWER-Refers to the vocabulary of a language
, Ex: the word "hot"
-meanings can be temperature, sexy, fashionable, lucky
-these meanings can change based on context or historical framework
Morphemes - ANSWER-the smallest unit of meaning in a language
Morphology - ANSWER-Study of the structure of words and word formation
Open word - ANSWER-Word that refer to one concept (home, milk, doggy, juice, pants)
Phonemes - ANSWER-basic units of sound
Phonology - ANSWER-The study of the sound system of language
Pivot word - ANSWER-Words that accomplish multiple functions (no, up, all, see, more,
and gone)
Pragmatics - ANSWER-How context can affect the interpretation of communication. The
hidden rules of communication understood by native speakers of the same language
Semantics - ANSWER-The way meaning is generated in language also including the
way words, phrases, and sentences combine in ways that make sense.
How meaning is conveyed in a language through the use of its vocabulary
Syntax - ANSWER-The way words are placed, organized, and arranged in a language
T or F
Taking notes is a skill that students will learn naturally. - ANSWER-False
Telegraphic stage - ANSWER-18-27 months. The child is beyond two-word
communication. Most words are content words that convey more meaning and can be
used in multiple situations. Children use words as they have heard them. Includes
nouns, adjectives, and verbs but prepositions and articles are limited
The identification of the _______________ and __________________ stress is vital to
produce a standard pronunciation. - ANSWER-primary and secondary
Two-word Stage - ANSWER-13-24 months. Children produce rudimentary phrases
characterized by a combination of pivot and open words.
What 3 things do syllables influence? - ANSWER-Rhythm of Language
Poetic Meter
Word Stress
Reading Exam Graded A+
_______________ is an articulation problem. - ANSWER-Lisping
6 Key components of language: - ANSWER-phonology, morphology, syntax, lexicon,
pragmatics, semantics
Babbling or Pre-Language Stage - ANSWER-0-6 months. use reflexive crying to
communicate. Play vocally
Connotation - ANSWER-The implied meaning of words and ideas
Denotation - ANSWER-The literal of words and ideas (Dictionary definition)
Dramatic Play - ANSWER-A type of play where students get the opportunity to role-play
simulations of real life
English had _____ graphemes to represent about _____ phonemes. - ANSWER-26, 44
Graphemes - ANSWER-Individual letters that represent phonemes
Holophrastic or One-Word Stage - ANSWER-11-19 months. Imitate the inflections and
facial expression of adults. Can recognize their name and follow simple instructions.
Understand word concepts.
How many levels of stress do English words have? - ANSWER-4: primary, secondary,
tertiary, and quaternary
Language Acquisition Device (LAD) - ANSWER-Something all humans are born with
that give us the mechanisms and abilities to acquire language. This is universal and
adapts to the languages being exposed or learned.
Language only emerges if this is triggered by stimuli from people in the child's
environment
Language Acquisition is made of 3 main components: - ANSWER-1. innate abilities and
mechanism of the learner
2. exposure to the speech of caretakers and parents
3. the interaction of children in their immediate linguistic environment
Language Play - ANSWER-A type of play involving rhyme, alliteration, songs, and
repetitive patterns
Lexicon - ANSWER-Refers to the vocabulary of a language
, Ex: the word "hot"
-meanings can be temperature, sexy, fashionable, lucky
-these meanings can change based on context or historical framework
Morphemes - ANSWER-the smallest unit of meaning in a language
Morphology - ANSWER-Study of the structure of words and word formation
Open word - ANSWER-Word that refer to one concept (home, milk, doggy, juice, pants)
Phonemes - ANSWER-basic units of sound
Phonology - ANSWER-The study of the sound system of language
Pivot word - ANSWER-Words that accomplish multiple functions (no, up, all, see, more,
and gone)
Pragmatics - ANSWER-How context can affect the interpretation of communication. The
hidden rules of communication understood by native speakers of the same language
Semantics - ANSWER-The way meaning is generated in language also including the
way words, phrases, and sentences combine in ways that make sense.
How meaning is conveyed in a language through the use of its vocabulary
Syntax - ANSWER-The way words are placed, organized, and arranged in a language
T or F
Taking notes is a skill that students will learn naturally. - ANSWER-False
Telegraphic stage - ANSWER-18-27 months. The child is beyond two-word
communication. Most words are content words that convey more meaning and can be
used in multiple situations. Children use words as they have heard them. Includes
nouns, adjectives, and verbs but prepositions and articles are limited
The identification of the _______________ and __________________ stress is vital to
produce a standard pronunciation. - ANSWER-primary and secondary
Two-word Stage - ANSWER-13-24 months. Children produce rudimentary phrases
characterized by a combination of pivot and open words.
What 3 things do syllables influence? - ANSWER-Rhythm of Language
Poetic Meter
Word Stress
