Nursing Pharmacology (Drugs)
albuterol - Question and answers(SABA) short acting beta 2 receptor agonist, used for
bronchospasm, acute symptoms of asthma
acetaminophen - Question and answerscentrally acting cox inhibitor; analgesic and
antipyretic properties; no antiinflammatory,antirheumatic properties
acyclovir - Question and answersAntimetabolite for Treating Herpes Simplex Virus &
Varicella-Zoster Virus Infections;
MOAs: Purine necleoside analog: DNA polymerase inhibitor, suppresses synthesis of
viral DNA, resistance.
amiodarone - Question and answersClass 3 Potassium channel blocker
Only approved for life-threatening dysrhythmias.
Delays repolarization and extends action potential of heart muscle cells.
SE: Profound hypotension."
amoxicillin - Question and answersBroad-spectrum penicillin active against H.
influenzae, E. coli, and N. Gonorrhoeae. It is inactivated by beta-lactamases, so not
helpful for Staphylococcus.
atropine - Question and answersmuscinarinic receptor antagonist/anticholinergic drug;
used for mydriases (eye exams), to raise HR, lower GI motility, and as antidote to
muscarinic poisoning (rx, shrooms)
amphotericin B - Question and answersbroad spectrum antifungal, which is the agent of
choice for systemic mycoses, despite being highly toxic. Its uses are limited to treating
progressive and potentially fatal infections. Adverse effects include infusion reactions,
nephrotoxicity, and hypokalemia.
aspirin - Question and answersA drug that decrease platelet aggregation and is used to
prevent arterial thrombosis, stroke, or MI. Major SEs include risk of major GI bleeding.
This drug is an NSAID that works by inhibiting platelet COX, COX-1, and COX-2.
beclomethasone - Question and answersinhaled corticosteroid used to treat airway
inflammation in asthma
bethanechol - Question and answersmuscarinic agnonist, used primarily for urinary
retention
buproprion - Question and answers(DA and NE). Weight loss, seizure, insomnia,
headache, serotonin syndrome (see laundry list above), withdrawal, Neonatal
Abstinence Syndrome
, captopril - Question and answersACE inhibitor - shown to have efficacious effects in
treating a patient with heart failure. Blocks production of angiotensin II, dilates arterioles
and veins, and decreases release of aldosterone. It may show the adverse effects of
hypotension, hyperkalemia, or persistant cough, CARDIAC REMODELING
carbenicillin - Question and answers"Extended spectrum (antipseudomonal penicillins),
which has the same spectrum of activity as broad-spectrum penicillins, plus treatment of
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
cefotaxime - Question and answers"Third generation cephalosporin with activity against
meningitis and nosocomial infections resistant to others (restricted use). It has greater
activity against Gram negative bacteria, increased resistance to beta-lactamases, and
better ability to reach CSF.
cephalexin - Question and answers"First generation cephalosporin poor activity against
Gram negative bacteria, sensitive to to most beta-lactamases, unable to reach CSF.
Used for Staphylococcus if mild penicillin allergy.
celecoxib - Question and answers2nd Generation Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drug
(COX-2 Selective NSAID); AE: risk of CV events, warfarin may be more effective with
celecoxib
cholestyramine - Question and answersInhibits bile reabsorption in intenstine, increases
LDL receptors in liver, accelerates bile excretion. Many of the adverse effects result
from the drug not being absorbed from GI, including constipation and a decreased
absorption of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, & K).
ciprofloxacin - Question and answersfluoroquinolone
broad -cidal. PO tetracycline and cipro should NOT BE GIVEN WITH ANTACIDS.
ALSO KNOW IT CAN RUPTURE TENDONS AND CAUSE CANDIDA. "
codeine - Question and answersantitussive, AE: respiratory depression
also weak mu opioid agonist
clozapine - Question and answersatypical antipsychotic; 2nd Gen. Treats negative
symptoms. Greater efficacy than 1st gen. Fewer EPS/tardive dyskinesia side effects.
SE: Agranulocytosis and Metabolic effects (Weight gain, diabetes, hyperlipidemia)
clonidine - Question and answersalpha 2 agonist, HTN drug -> vasodilation
clavulanic acid - Question and answersA penicillinase inhibitor that is combined with a
broad spectrum penicillin to increase is bactericidal activity.
clopidogrel - Question and answersdecreases platelet aggregation and is used to
prevent arterial thrombosis or stroke. Major SEs include risk of major GI bleeding. This
drug is not an NSAID and does not inhibit COX
albuterol - Question and answers(SABA) short acting beta 2 receptor agonist, used for
bronchospasm, acute symptoms of asthma
acetaminophen - Question and answerscentrally acting cox inhibitor; analgesic and
antipyretic properties; no antiinflammatory,antirheumatic properties
acyclovir - Question and answersAntimetabolite for Treating Herpes Simplex Virus &
Varicella-Zoster Virus Infections;
MOAs: Purine necleoside analog: DNA polymerase inhibitor, suppresses synthesis of
viral DNA, resistance.
amiodarone - Question and answersClass 3 Potassium channel blocker
Only approved for life-threatening dysrhythmias.
Delays repolarization and extends action potential of heart muscle cells.
SE: Profound hypotension."
amoxicillin - Question and answersBroad-spectrum penicillin active against H.
influenzae, E. coli, and N. Gonorrhoeae. It is inactivated by beta-lactamases, so not
helpful for Staphylococcus.
atropine - Question and answersmuscinarinic receptor antagonist/anticholinergic drug;
used for mydriases (eye exams), to raise HR, lower GI motility, and as antidote to
muscarinic poisoning (rx, shrooms)
amphotericin B - Question and answersbroad spectrum antifungal, which is the agent of
choice for systemic mycoses, despite being highly toxic. Its uses are limited to treating
progressive and potentially fatal infections. Adverse effects include infusion reactions,
nephrotoxicity, and hypokalemia.
aspirin - Question and answersA drug that decrease platelet aggregation and is used to
prevent arterial thrombosis, stroke, or MI. Major SEs include risk of major GI bleeding.
This drug is an NSAID that works by inhibiting platelet COX, COX-1, and COX-2.
beclomethasone - Question and answersinhaled corticosteroid used to treat airway
inflammation in asthma
bethanechol - Question and answersmuscarinic agnonist, used primarily for urinary
retention
buproprion - Question and answers(DA and NE). Weight loss, seizure, insomnia,
headache, serotonin syndrome (see laundry list above), withdrawal, Neonatal
Abstinence Syndrome
, captopril - Question and answersACE inhibitor - shown to have efficacious effects in
treating a patient with heart failure. Blocks production of angiotensin II, dilates arterioles
and veins, and decreases release of aldosterone. It may show the adverse effects of
hypotension, hyperkalemia, or persistant cough, CARDIAC REMODELING
carbenicillin - Question and answers"Extended spectrum (antipseudomonal penicillins),
which has the same spectrum of activity as broad-spectrum penicillins, plus treatment of
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
cefotaxime - Question and answers"Third generation cephalosporin with activity against
meningitis and nosocomial infections resistant to others (restricted use). It has greater
activity against Gram negative bacteria, increased resistance to beta-lactamases, and
better ability to reach CSF.
cephalexin - Question and answers"First generation cephalosporin poor activity against
Gram negative bacteria, sensitive to to most beta-lactamases, unable to reach CSF.
Used for Staphylococcus if mild penicillin allergy.
celecoxib - Question and answers2nd Generation Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drug
(COX-2 Selective NSAID); AE: risk of CV events, warfarin may be more effective with
celecoxib
cholestyramine - Question and answersInhibits bile reabsorption in intenstine, increases
LDL receptors in liver, accelerates bile excretion. Many of the adverse effects result
from the drug not being absorbed from GI, including constipation and a decreased
absorption of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, & K).
ciprofloxacin - Question and answersfluoroquinolone
broad -cidal. PO tetracycline and cipro should NOT BE GIVEN WITH ANTACIDS.
ALSO KNOW IT CAN RUPTURE TENDONS AND CAUSE CANDIDA. "
codeine - Question and answersantitussive, AE: respiratory depression
also weak mu opioid agonist
clozapine - Question and answersatypical antipsychotic; 2nd Gen. Treats negative
symptoms. Greater efficacy than 1st gen. Fewer EPS/tardive dyskinesia side effects.
SE: Agranulocytosis and Metabolic effects (Weight gain, diabetes, hyperlipidemia)
clonidine - Question and answersalpha 2 agonist, HTN drug -> vasodilation
clavulanic acid - Question and answersA penicillinase inhibitor that is combined with a
broad spectrum penicillin to increase is bactericidal activity.
clopidogrel - Question and answersdecreases platelet aggregation and is used to
prevent arterial thrombosis or stroke. Major SEs include risk of major GI bleeding. This
drug is not an NSAID and does not inhibit COX
