NURS 1016 - MIDTERM EXAM 130
QUESTIONS WITH 100% VERIFIED
ANSWERS!!
Define Health Answer - Objective process characterized by functional stability,
balance, and integrity.
WHO (World Health Organization, 1947) - defined health as "a state of
complete physical, mental and social well-being, and not merely the absence of
disease or infirmity"
What is Labonte (1993)'s multidimensional conceptualization of health?
Answer - Reflects both actualization and stability prespectives.
Physical/Social/Mental = Wellbeing
Depicts concepts of *holism* - whereby health is more than the sum of the
component parts in that the interrelationships between and among different
components result in different aspects of health
What is health as stability? Answer - maintenance of physiological, functional,
and social norms, and as it relates to concepts of *adaptation and
homeostasis*
What is health as actualization? Answer - the actualization of *human
potential* (usually interchangeable with *wellness*)
What is health as actualization and stability? Answer - both concepts are
incorporated into the definition, "the actualization of inherent and acquired
human potential through goal-directed behavior, competent self-care and
,satisfying relationships with others, while making adjustments as needed to
maintain structural integrity and harmony with relevant environments"
Health is one of the "metaparadigm" concepts along with... Answer - person,
environment, nursing, and social justice.
Define Wellness Answer - subjective experience
Define Disease Answer - *Objective* state of ill health, the pathological
process of which can be detected by medical science; Condition of abnormal
vital function involving any structure, part or system of an organism
Define Illness Answer - *Subjective experience of loss of health*; An abnormal
process in which aspects of the social, physical, emotional or intellectual
condition + function of a person are diminished or impaired, compared with
the person's previous condition
What are determinants of health? Answer - Income + social status, social
support networks, education + literacy, employment + working conditions,
physical environments, biological + genetic endowment, individual health
practices + coping skills, healthy child development, health services, gender,
culture, social enviornments
What is the largest group of health professionals in Canada? Answer - As the
largest group of health professionals in Canada, *nurses* have the power to
promote and lobby for equity in the health-care system.
What is health promotion? Answer - is "directed towards *increasing the level
of well-being and self-actualization* "
,What is disease prevention? Answer - is "action to avoid illness/disease"
The Lalonde Report is significant in that it was the first to emphasize
__________ approach to health Answer - behavioural
From a socioenvironmental perspective, the major determinants of health are
___________ and ______________ Answer - psychosocial risk factors and
socioenvironmental risk conditons
Which one of the following statements does *not* accurately characterize
health promotion?
a) Health promotion addresses health issues within the context of the social,
economic, and political environment
b) Health promotion emphasizes empowerment
c) Health promotion strategies focus primarily on helping people develop
healthy behaviours
d) Health promotion is political Answer - c) Health promotion strategies focus
primarily on helping people develop healthy behaviours
The belief that health is primarily an individual responsibility is most congruent
with the ___________ approach to health Answer - Behavioural
What are the most influential health determinants? Answer - Income and
social status
Health promotion activities are aimed at:
a) Providing protection against disease
b) Increasing the level of well being
c) Avoiding injury or illness
, d) Teaching clients to live with their limitations Answer - b) Increasing the level
of well being
What are the 3 levels of disease prevention? Answer - *PRIMARY
PREVENTION*
♣ Protects against a disease *before signs and symptoms occur*
♣ Ex. Immunization, reducing risk factors
*SECONDARY PREVENTION*
♣ Promote *early detection* of disease once pathogenesis has occurred, so
that prompt treatment can be imitated to halt disease and limit disability
♣ Ex. Preventative cancer screening
*TERTIARY PREVENTION*
♣ Initiated in the convalescence stage of disease and are directed toward
*minimizing residual disability* and helping people to live productively without
limitations
♣ Ex. Cardiac rehabilitation program after myocardial infection
What is Primary Health Care? (PHC) Answer - Is the foundation of Canada's
health care system, providing an *entry point of contact* into the health care
system, as well as the vehicle for *continuity of care*.
Focuses on the way services are delivered and *emphasizes that people should
be at the centre of health care*.
PHC extends beyond PC to include health education, nutrition, maternal and
child health care, family planning, immunizations and control of locally
endemic diseases.
What is Primary Care? (PC) Answer - Focuses on *personal health services*.
QUESTIONS WITH 100% VERIFIED
ANSWERS!!
Define Health Answer - Objective process characterized by functional stability,
balance, and integrity.
WHO (World Health Organization, 1947) - defined health as "a state of
complete physical, mental and social well-being, and not merely the absence of
disease or infirmity"
What is Labonte (1993)'s multidimensional conceptualization of health?
Answer - Reflects both actualization and stability prespectives.
Physical/Social/Mental = Wellbeing
Depicts concepts of *holism* - whereby health is more than the sum of the
component parts in that the interrelationships between and among different
components result in different aspects of health
What is health as stability? Answer - maintenance of physiological, functional,
and social norms, and as it relates to concepts of *adaptation and
homeostasis*
What is health as actualization? Answer - the actualization of *human
potential* (usually interchangeable with *wellness*)
What is health as actualization and stability? Answer - both concepts are
incorporated into the definition, "the actualization of inherent and acquired
human potential through goal-directed behavior, competent self-care and
,satisfying relationships with others, while making adjustments as needed to
maintain structural integrity and harmony with relevant environments"
Health is one of the "metaparadigm" concepts along with... Answer - person,
environment, nursing, and social justice.
Define Wellness Answer - subjective experience
Define Disease Answer - *Objective* state of ill health, the pathological
process of which can be detected by medical science; Condition of abnormal
vital function involving any structure, part or system of an organism
Define Illness Answer - *Subjective experience of loss of health*; An abnormal
process in which aspects of the social, physical, emotional or intellectual
condition + function of a person are diminished or impaired, compared with
the person's previous condition
What are determinants of health? Answer - Income + social status, social
support networks, education + literacy, employment + working conditions,
physical environments, biological + genetic endowment, individual health
practices + coping skills, healthy child development, health services, gender,
culture, social enviornments
What is the largest group of health professionals in Canada? Answer - As the
largest group of health professionals in Canada, *nurses* have the power to
promote and lobby for equity in the health-care system.
What is health promotion? Answer - is "directed towards *increasing the level
of well-being and self-actualization* "
,What is disease prevention? Answer - is "action to avoid illness/disease"
The Lalonde Report is significant in that it was the first to emphasize
__________ approach to health Answer - behavioural
From a socioenvironmental perspective, the major determinants of health are
___________ and ______________ Answer - psychosocial risk factors and
socioenvironmental risk conditons
Which one of the following statements does *not* accurately characterize
health promotion?
a) Health promotion addresses health issues within the context of the social,
economic, and political environment
b) Health promotion emphasizes empowerment
c) Health promotion strategies focus primarily on helping people develop
healthy behaviours
d) Health promotion is political Answer - c) Health promotion strategies focus
primarily on helping people develop healthy behaviours
The belief that health is primarily an individual responsibility is most congruent
with the ___________ approach to health Answer - Behavioural
What are the most influential health determinants? Answer - Income and
social status
Health promotion activities are aimed at:
a) Providing protection against disease
b) Increasing the level of well being
c) Avoiding injury or illness
, d) Teaching clients to live with their limitations Answer - b) Increasing the level
of well being
What are the 3 levels of disease prevention? Answer - *PRIMARY
PREVENTION*
♣ Protects against a disease *before signs and symptoms occur*
♣ Ex. Immunization, reducing risk factors
*SECONDARY PREVENTION*
♣ Promote *early detection* of disease once pathogenesis has occurred, so
that prompt treatment can be imitated to halt disease and limit disability
♣ Ex. Preventative cancer screening
*TERTIARY PREVENTION*
♣ Initiated in the convalescence stage of disease and are directed toward
*minimizing residual disability* and helping people to live productively without
limitations
♣ Ex. Cardiac rehabilitation program after myocardial infection
What is Primary Health Care? (PHC) Answer - Is the foundation of Canada's
health care system, providing an *entry point of contact* into the health care
system, as well as the vehicle for *continuity of care*.
Focuses on the way services are delivered and *emphasizes that people should
be at the centre of health care*.
PHC extends beyond PC to include health education, nutrition, maternal and
child health care, family planning, immunizations and control of locally
endemic diseases.
What is Primary Care? (PC) Answer - Focuses on *personal health services*.
