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EEOB 2520 Exam 11 Study Guide.
Importance of cortisol - Answers✔no cortisol = dead within days
Adrenal Insufficiency (Addison's Disease) - Answers✔below normal levels of cortisol. People
with adrenal insufficency will be weak because cortisol puts energy in the system, have low
glucose levels because cortisol impacts the liver to increase plasma glucose levels, and low BP
because less nor/epinephrine will be released.
Hypercortisolism (Cushing's syndrome) - Answers✔-high glucose (can be mistaken for diabetes)
-low immune system (cortisol suppresses immune system)
-fragile bones (cortisol breaks down bones and muscles for energy)
-distinct obesity pattern: stores extra energy aka fat resources in fat reserves close to vital organs
(puffy cheeks)
process of somatic growth - Answers✔adding non-reproductive cells via mitosis
what is needed for somatic growth? - Answers✔-more protein (increase protein synthesis)
-increase glucose catabolism (breakdown sugar to supply E for protein synthesis)
-increase adipose catabolism (breakdown fat tissue for energy to grow new cells)
-increase bone growth at epiphyseal plate (non adult growth, steroids fuse bone plate= no more
growth)
why is it a bigger issue when kids break bones? - Answers✔growth plate could be damaged and
cannot be repaired
control of growth - Answers✔-growth hormone (GH= E2) is highest during development and at
night
-GH will stimulate IGF-1 (E3) (impacts liver and bones) to increase mitosis, stimulate muscle
development (b/c GH binds to receptors in muscle cells), mobilizes nutrients to convert to
proteins to grow new cells, increases fatty acids and glucose in blood
T3/T4 impact on growth - Answers✔allows for growth hormone impact on bones
insulin's impact on growth - Answers✔increases protein synthesis and is a possible IGF-1
agonist
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
EEOB 2520 Exam 11 Study Guide.
Importance of cortisol - Answers✔no cortisol = dead within days
Adrenal Insufficiency (Addison's Disease) - Answers✔below normal levels of cortisol. People
with adrenal insufficency will be weak because cortisol puts energy in the system, have low
glucose levels because cortisol impacts the liver to increase plasma glucose levels, and low BP
because less nor/epinephrine will be released.
Hypercortisolism (Cushing's syndrome) - Answers✔-high glucose (can be mistaken for diabetes)
-low immune system (cortisol suppresses immune system)
-fragile bones (cortisol breaks down bones and muscles for energy)
-distinct obesity pattern: stores extra energy aka fat resources in fat reserves close to vital organs
(puffy cheeks)
process of somatic growth - Answers✔adding non-reproductive cells via mitosis
what is needed for somatic growth? - Answers✔-more protein (increase protein synthesis)
-increase glucose catabolism (breakdown sugar to supply E for protein synthesis)
-increase adipose catabolism (breakdown fat tissue for energy to grow new cells)
-increase bone growth at epiphyseal plate (non adult growth, steroids fuse bone plate= no more
growth)
why is it a bigger issue when kids break bones? - Answers✔growth plate could be damaged and
cannot be repaired
control of growth - Answers✔-growth hormone (GH= E2) is highest during development and at
night
-GH will stimulate IGF-1 (E3) (impacts liver and bones) to increase mitosis, stimulate muscle
development (b/c GH binds to receptors in muscle cells), mobilizes nutrients to convert to
proteins to grow new cells, increases fatty acids and glucose in blood
T3/T4 impact on growth - Answers✔allows for growth hormone impact on bones
insulin's impact on growth - Answers✔increases protein synthesis and is a possible IGF-1
agonist
