NURS 7425 (Advanced Pathophysiology) FINAL
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ACCURATE SOLUTIONS
100% VERIFIED.
Which of the following cells function to maintain bone matrix?
1) Osteoclasts
2) Osteoblasts
3) Osteocytes
4) Osteophytes
Osteoblasts
Osteocytes help synthesize and replace needed elements of the matrix by
signaling osteoclasts and osteoblasts to resorb and form new bone. This selection
is the only option that performs that function
In _____ contractions, the muscle maintains a constant tension as it moves.
isotonic
Considering the pathophysiology of osteoporosis, which hormone exerts
antiapoptotic effects on osteoblasts, but proapoptotic effects on osteoclasts?
1) Parathyroid hormone
2) Glucocorticoidc
3) Growth hormone
4) Estrogen
Estrogen
When considering osteomyelitis sequestrum is a(n):
1) An area of devascularized and devitalized bone
2) An enzyme that phagocytizes necrotic bone
3) A subperiosteal abscess
4) A layer of new bone surrounding the infected bone
An area of devascularized and devitalized bone
,Considering the pathophysiology of osteoporosis, which cytokines and
hormones decrease receptor activator of RANKL expression?
IL-4 and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-ß)
People with gout are at high risk for _____.
1) renal calculi
2) joint trauma
3) anemia
4) hearing loss.
renal calculi
After prolonged muscle compression, which pathophysiologic alteration
precedes crush syndrome?
1) Muscle ischemia
2) Myoglobinuria
3) Volkmann contracture
4) Neural injury
Myoglobinuria
Which immunoglobulin (Ig) is elevated in atopic dermatitis?
1) IgA
2) IgM
3) IgE
4) IgG
IgE
In allergic contact dermatitis, which cells possess the antigens and present them
to T lymphocytes?
1) Langerhans cells
2) Merkel cells
3) Keratinocytes
4) Macrophages
Langerhans cells
, Keloids are sharply elevated, irregularly shaped, progressively enlarging scars
caused by excessive amounts of _____ in the corneum during connective tissue
repair.
1) elastin
2) collagen
3) stroma
4) reticular fibers
collagen
Thrush is a superficial infection that commonly occurs in children and is caused
by which organism?
1) Staphylococcus
2) Streptococcus
3) Herpesvirusd
4) Candida albicans
Candida albicans
The concentration of the final urine is determined by antidiuretic hormone
(ADH), which is secreted by the:
1) posterior pituitary
2) right atrium
3) left atrium
4) anterior pituitary
5) hypothalamus.
posterior pituitary
In the formation of renal calculi, pyrophosphate, potassium citrate, and
magnesium all:
1) They inhibit crystal growth
2) Pyrophosphate, potassium citrate, and magnesium stimulate the
supersaturation of salt
3) They facilitate the precipitation of salts from a liquid to a solid state
4) Pyrophosphate, potassium citrate, and magnesium enhance crystallization of
salt crystals to form stones
They inhibit crystal growth
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ACCURATE SOLUTIONS
100% VERIFIED.
Which of the following cells function to maintain bone matrix?
1) Osteoclasts
2) Osteoblasts
3) Osteocytes
4) Osteophytes
Osteoblasts
Osteocytes help synthesize and replace needed elements of the matrix by
signaling osteoclasts and osteoblasts to resorb and form new bone. This selection
is the only option that performs that function
In _____ contractions, the muscle maintains a constant tension as it moves.
isotonic
Considering the pathophysiology of osteoporosis, which hormone exerts
antiapoptotic effects on osteoblasts, but proapoptotic effects on osteoclasts?
1) Parathyroid hormone
2) Glucocorticoidc
3) Growth hormone
4) Estrogen
Estrogen
When considering osteomyelitis sequestrum is a(n):
1) An area of devascularized and devitalized bone
2) An enzyme that phagocytizes necrotic bone
3) A subperiosteal abscess
4) A layer of new bone surrounding the infected bone
An area of devascularized and devitalized bone
,Considering the pathophysiology of osteoporosis, which cytokines and
hormones decrease receptor activator of RANKL expression?
IL-4 and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-ß)
People with gout are at high risk for _____.
1) renal calculi
2) joint trauma
3) anemia
4) hearing loss.
renal calculi
After prolonged muscle compression, which pathophysiologic alteration
precedes crush syndrome?
1) Muscle ischemia
2) Myoglobinuria
3) Volkmann contracture
4) Neural injury
Myoglobinuria
Which immunoglobulin (Ig) is elevated in atopic dermatitis?
1) IgA
2) IgM
3) IgE
4) IgG
IgE
In allergic contact dermatitis, which cells possess the antigens and present them
to T lymphocytes?
1) Langerhans cells
2) Merkel cells
3) Keratinocytes
4) Macrophages
Langerhans cells
, Keloids are sharply elevated, irregularly shaped, progressively enlarging scars
caused by excessive amounts of _____ in the corneum during connective tissue
repair.
1) elastin
2) collagen
3) stroma
4) reticular fibers
collagen
Thrush is a superficial infection that commonly occurs in children and is caused
by which organism?
1) Staphylococcus
2) Streptococcus
3) Herpesvirusd
4) Candida albicans
Candida albicans
The concentration of the final urine is determined by antidiuretic hormone
(ADH), which is secreted by the:
1) posterior pituitary
2) right atrium
3) left atrium
4) anterior pituitary
5) hypothalamus.
posterior pituitary
In the formation of renal calculi, pyrophosphate, potassium citrate, and
magnesium all:
1) They inhibit crystal growth
2) Pyrophosphate, potassium citrate, and magnesium stimulate the
supersaturation of salt
3) They facilitate the precipitation of salts from a liquid to a solid state
4) Pyrophosphate, potassium citrate, and magnesium enhance crystallization of
salt crystals to form stones
They inhibit crystal growth
