2025 HESI PEDIATRICS EXIT/HESI
EXIT PEDIATRICS EXAM LATEST 2024
REAL EXAM 50 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
1. A nurse is caring for a 5-year-old child who is receiving
chemotherapy. The child’s white blood cell count is low, and the nurse
is preparing to administer a dose of a prescribed medication. What
action should the nurse take before administering the medication?
a) Assess the child for any signs of infection
b) Ensure that the child has a positive urine output
c) Administer the medication on an empty stomach
d) Assess the child's vital signs, especially temperature
Answer: a) Assess the child for any signs of infection
Rationale: Children receiving chemotherapy are at increased risk for
infection due to neutropenia (low white blood cell count). The nurse
should assess the child for signs of infection, such as fever, before
administering medication, as it may need to be withheld or adjusted if
an infection is present.
2. A nurse is caring for a 6-month-old infant who has been diagnosed
with a respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection. Which of the
following interventions is most important for the nurse to implement?
a) Administer antibiotics as prescribed
b) Provide supplemental oxygen
,c) Maintain the infant in a supine position
d) Encourage the infant to feed in a sitting position
Answer: b) Provide supplemental oxygen
Rationale: RSV can cause severe respiratory distress in infants, leading
to hypoxia. The priority intervention is to provide supplemental oxygen
to ensure adequate oxygenation. Antibiotics are not effective against
viral infections, and the infant should be kept in a position that
promotes airway clearance, not supine.
3. A nurse is teaching the parents of a 3-year-old child about the
child’s new diagnosis of asthma. Which of the following statements by
the parent indicates a need for further teaching?
a) “I should encourage my child to avoid known asthma triggers.”
b) “I will make sure my child takes their medication even when they feel
fine.”
c) “I should limit my child’s physical activity to prevent an asthma
attack.”
d) “I will watch for signs that my child is having difficulty breathing, like
wheezing.”
Answer: c) “I should limit my child’s physical activity to prevent an
asthma attack.”
Rationale: While it is important to manage asthma symptoms and avoid
triggers, physical activity should not be unnecessarily limited unless it is
a trigger for the child’s asthma. In fact, regular physical activity can
improve lung function, so long as asthma is controlled.
, 4. A nurse is caring for a 2-year-old child with a fever. The child’s
temperature is 39°C (102.2°F). The nurse should administer which of
the following medications to reduce the fever?
a) Acetaminophen
b) Ibuprofen
c) Aspirin
d) Penicillin
Answer: a) Acetaminophen
Rationale: Acetaminophen is commonly used to reduce fever in
children. Ibuprofen can also be used, but acetaminophen is typically the
first-line treatment for fever in children under 3 years. Aspirin should be
avoided in children due to the risk of Reye’s syndrome, and penicillin is
not indicated for fever management unless a bacterial infection is
present.
5. A nurse is caring for a 4-year-old child who has been diagnosed with
impetigo. The nurse is teaching the parents about the infection. Which
of the following statements by the parent indicates understanding of
the teaching?
a) “I will make sure to apply the antibiotic ointment to the child’s rash.”
b) “I will keep my child isolated from other children until the rash
resolves.”
c) “I can allow my child to return to school as soon as the rash appears.”
d) “I should expect the rash to go away without any treatment.”
Answer: a) “I will make sure to apply the antibiotic ointment to the
child’s rash.”
Rationale: Impetigo is a bacterial skin infection that requires topical or
systemic antibiotics. The child should stay isolated until 24 hours after
EXIT PEDIATRICS EXAM LATEST 2024
REAL EXAM 50 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
1. A nurse is caring for a 5-year-old child who is receiving
chemotherapy. The child’s white blood cell count is low, and the nurse
is preparing to administer a dose of a prescribed medication. What
action should the nurse take before administering the medication?
a) Assess the child for any signs of infection
b) Ensure that the child has a positive urine output
c) Administer the medication on an empty stomach
d) Assess the child's vital signs, especially temperature
Answer: a) Assess the child for any signs of infection
Rationale: Children receiving chemotherapy are at increased risk for
infection due to neutropenia (low white blood cell count). The nurse
should assess the child for signs of infection, such as fever, before
administering medication, as it may need to be withheld or adjusted if
an infection is present.
2. A nurse is caring for a 6-month-old infant who has been diagnosed
with a respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection. Which of the
following interventions is most important for the nurse to implement?
a) Administer antibiotics as prescribed
b) Provide supplemental oxygen
,c) Maintain the infant in a supine position
d) Encourage the infant to feed in a sitting position
Answer: b) Provide supplemental oxygen
Rationale: RSV can cause severe respiratory distress in infants, leading
to hypoxia. The priority intervention is to provide supplemental oxygen
to ensure adequate oxygenation. Antibiotics are not effective against
viral infections, and the infant should be kept in a position that
promotes airway clearance, not supine.
3. A nurse is teaching the parents of a 3-year-old child about the
child’s new diagnosis of asthma. Which of the following statements by
the parent indicates a need for further teaching?
a) “I should encourage my child to avoid known asthma triggers.”
b) “I will make sure my child takes their medication even when they feel
fine.”
c) “I should limit my child’s physical activity to prevent an asthma
attack.”
d) “I will watch for signs that my child is having difficulty breathing, like
wheezing.”
Answer: c) “I should limit my child’s physical activity to prevent an
asthma attack.”
Rationale: While it is important to manage asthma symptoms and avoid
triggers, physical activity should not be unnecessarily limited unless it is
a trigger for the child’s asthma. In fact, regular physical activity can
improve lung function, so long as asthma is controlled.
, 4. A nurse is caring for a 2-year-old child with a fever. The child’s
temperature is 39°C (102.2°F). The nurse should administer which of
the following medications to reduce the fever?
a) Acetaminophen
b) Ibuprofen
c) Aspirin
d) Penicillin
Answer: a) Acetaminophen
Rationale: Acetaminophen is commonly used to reduce fever in
children. Ibuprofen can also be used, but acetaminophen is typically the
first-line treatment for fever in children under 3 years. Aspirin should be
avoided in children due to the risk of Reye’s syndrome, and penicillin is
not indicated for fever management unless a bacterial infection is
present.
5. A nurse is caring for a 4-year-old child who has been diagnosed with
impetigo. The nurse is teaching the parents about the infection. Which
of the following statements by the parent indicates understanding of
the teaching?
a) “I will make sure to apply the antibiotic ointment to the child’s rash.”
b) “I will keep my child isolated from other children until the rash
resolves.”
c) “I can allow my child to return to school as soon as the rash appears.”
d) “I should expect the rash to go away without any treatment.”
Answer: a) “I will make sure to apply the antibiotic ointment to the
child’s rash.”
Rationale: Impetigo is a bacterial skin infection that requires topical or
systemic antibiotics. The child should stay isolated until 24 hours after
