NUR 2122 Exam 1 Questions And
Answers Latest Update
Lab Values - - -
correct answer ✅Calcium: 8.5 to 10.5 mg/dl
Phosphous: 2.5 to 4.5 mg/dL
Potassium: 3.5-5.0 mmol/L
Sodium: 135-145 mEq/L
BUN: 7-20 mg/dL
Creatinine: 0.84 to 1.21 milligrams per deciliter albumin3.4 to 5.4
g/dL in the urine range between 2.0 and 20 mg/mmol in men and
between 2.8 and 28 mg/mmol in women. Clients with urinary
albumin levels greater than 300 mg/24 hr (200 mcg/min) are at risk
of developing end-stage kidney disease. Billirubin: 0.3-1.2
AST: 5-40 units per liter
ALT: 7-56 units per liter
PT: 11-13 sec INR: 1.0-1.5 (prevents bleeding)
GFR: 90-120
Glucose (fasting): 100-125
Hemoglobin: 11-12
Hematocrit: 33-36
Ammonia: 15 to 45 µ/dL
Amylase: 30-110 (elevated = pancreatitis)
Lipase: 12-70 U/L
,NUR 2122 Exam 1 Questions And
Answers Latest Update
Magnesium: 1.7 to 2.2 mg/dL
Acute Kidney Injury - - -
correct answer ✅-a sudden episode of kidney failure or kidney
damage that happens within a few hours or a few days. AKI causes
a build-up of waste products in your blood and makes it hard for
your kidneys to keep the right balance of fluid in your body.
Causes: •Prerenal: external factors that reduce blood flow.
Examples: Severe blood loss and low blood pressure related to
major cardiac or abdominal surgery, severe infection
•Intrarenal: direct damage to the renal system
•Postrenal: mechanical obstruction of lower urinary tract
Medications: Diuretics and avoid nephotoxic agents such as dyes or
use with extreme caution
Complications: Hyperkalemia (>5.0) that can lead to life threatening
cardia dysrhythmias. May require urgent dialysis. Avoid NSAIDs.
Elevated BUN, elevated creatinine, hyperkalemia
,NUR 2122 Exam 1 Questions And
Answers Latest Update
Uremia is a condition caused by a buildup of nitrogenous waste
products due to kidney impairment. It is characterized by anorexia,
itching, nausea, vomiting, and muscle cramps. s/s:decreased urine
output, edema, Metabolic acidosis develops due to Inability of the
renal tubules to secrete hydrogen ions and conserve bicarbonate
Chronic Kidney Failure - - -
correct answer ✅Risk Factors: Diabetes, hypertension,
hyperlipidemia, smoking, recreational drug use, NSAIDs, and
obesity.
Clinical Manifestations: Alterations in sodium and fluid balance,
hypertension, heart failure, pulmonary edema, altered potassium
excretion, lethal arrhythmias, impaired metabolic waste
elimination, n/v, anorexia, and neurological symptoms. Altered
calcium and phosphorus. Bone breakdown, osteodystrophies,
defective bone development. Decreased acid clearance and
bicarbonate produtabolic acidosis. Endocrine. Infertility,
amenorrhea, hyperparathyroidism, thyroid abnormalities, and
chronic anemia.
Medical Management Diagnosis: Elevated serum creatinine and
decreased creatinine clearance, protein/ albumin in urine, uremia-
, NUR 2122 Exam 1 Questions And
Answers Latest Update
high levels of waste products in the blood, renal ultrasound, CT
scan, and a renal biopsy.
Treatment: Renal replacement therapy such as dialysis, supporting
remaining function of kidneys, treat clinical manifestations, and
prevent complications.
Surgical Management: Renal transplant
Complications: rejection after renal transplant and long term
immunosuppression.
Kidney failure results in impaired erythropoietin production, which
causes anemia and chronic fatigue; treating the anemia will help in
managing the fatigue.
Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) - - -
correct answer ✅90-120 mL/min of blood
Benigh prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) - - -
correct answer ✅-An enlarged prostate.
Answers Latest Update
Lab Values - - -
correct answer ✅Calcium: 8.5 to 10.5 mg/dl
Phosphous: 2.5 to 4.5 mg/dL
Potassium: 3.5-5.0 mmol/L
Sodium: 135-145 mEq/L
BUN: 7-20 mg/dL
Creatinine: 0.84 to 1.21 milligrams per deciliter albumin3.4 to 5.4
g/dL in the urine range between 2.0 and 20 mg/mmol in men and
between 2.8 and 28 mg/mmol in women. Clients with urinary
albumin levels greater than 300 mg/24 hr (200 mcg/min) are at risk
of developing end-stage kidney disease. Billirubin: 0.3-1.2
AST: 5-40 units per liter
ALT: 7-56 units per liter
PT: 11-13 sec INR: 1.0-1.5 (prevents bleeding)
GFR: 90-120
Glucose (fasting): 100-125
Hemoglobin: 11-12
Hematocrit: 33-36
Ammonia: 15 to 45 µ/dL
Amylase: 30-110 (elevated = pancreatitis)
Lipase: 12-70 U/L
,NUR 2122 Exam 1 Questions And
Answers Latest Update
Magnesium: 1.7 to 2.2 mg/dL
Acute Kidney Injury - - -
correct answer ✅-a sudden episode of kidney failure or kidney
damage that happens within a few hours or a few days. AKI causes
a build-up of waste products in your blood and makes it hard for
your kidneys to keep the right balance of fluid in your body.
Causes: •Prerenal: external factors that reduce blood flow.
Examples: Severe blood loss and low blood pressure related to
major cardiac or abdominal surgery, severe infection
•Intrarenal: direct damage to the renal system
•Postrenal: mechanical obstruction of lower urinary tract
Medications: Diuretics and avoid nephotoxic agents such as dyes or
use with extreme caution
Complications: Hyperkalemia (>5.0) that can lead to life threatening
cardia dysrhythmias. May require urgent dialysis. Avoid NSAIDs.
Elevated BUN, elevated creatinine, hyperkalemia
,NUR 2122 Exam 1 Questions And
Answers Latest Update
Uremia is a condition caused by a buildup of nitrogenous waste
products due to kidney impairment. It is characterized by anorexia,
itching, nausea, vomiting, and muscle cramps. s/s:decreased urine
output, edema, Metabolic acidosis develops due to Inability of the
renal tubules to secrete hydrogen ions and conserve bicarbonate
Chronic Kidney Failure - - -
correct answer ✅Risk Factors: Diabetes, hypertension,
hyperlipidemia, smoking, recreational drug use, NSAIDs, and
obesity.
Clinical Manifestations: Alterations in sodium and fluid balance,
hypertension, heart failure, pulmonary edema, altered potassium
excretion, lethal arrhythmias, impaired metabolic waste
elimination, n/v, anorexia, and neurological symptoms. Altered
calcium and phosphorus. Bone breakdown, osteodystrophies,
defective bone development. Decreased acid clearance and
bicarbonate produtabolic acidosis. Endocrine. Infertility,
amenorrhea, hyperparathyroidism, thyroid abnormalities, and
chronic anemia.
Medical Management Diagnosis: Elevated serum creatinine and
decreased creatinine clearance, protein/ albumin in urine, uremia-
, NUR 2122 Exam 1 Questions And
Answers Latest Update
high levels of waste products in the blood, renal ultrasound, CT
scan, and a renal biopsy.
Treatment: Renal replacement therapy such as dialysis, supporting
remaining function of kidneys, treat clinical manifestations, and
prevent complications.
Surgical Management: Renal transplant
Complications: rejection after renal transplant and long term
immunosuppression.
Kidney failure results in impaired erythropoietin production, which
causes anemia and chronic fatigue; treating the anemia will help in
managing the fatigue.
Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) - - -
correct answer ✅90-120 mL/min of blood
Benigh prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) - - -
correct answer ✅-An enlarged prostate.
