Test Bank for McCan
x x x
ce & Huether’s Patho
x x x
physiology: The Biolo x x
gic Basis for Disease i
x x x x
n Adultsand Childre
x x x
n 9th Edition by Julia
x x x x x
Rogers
1
, PATHO PHYSI x
OLOGY9TH x
EDITION M x
CCANCE TE x
STBANK
x
LATEST REVISED
x
,Chapter 1: Cellular Biology
x x x
MULTIPLExCHOICE
1. WhichxcomponentxofxthexcellxprodNuUceRsSIhNyGdTroBg.Cen
OMperoxidex(H 2O 2)xbyxusingxoxygenxtoxr
emovexhydrogenxatomsxfromxspecificxsubstratesxinxanxoxidativexreaction?
a. Lysosomes c. Ribosomes
b. Peroxisomes d.x Oxyhydrosomes
ANS:xB
Peroxisomesxarexsoxnamedxbecausextheyxusuallyxcontainxenzymesxthatxusexoxygenxtoxremov
exhydrogenxatomsxfromxspecificxsubstratesxinxanxoxidativexreactionxthatxproducesxH2O2,xwhi
chxisxaxpowerfulxoxidantxandxpotentiallyxdestructivexifxitxaccumulatesxorxescapesxfromxperoxi
somes.xRibosomesxarexRNA-
proteinxcomplexesx(nucleoproteins)xthatxarexsynthesizedxinxthexnucleolusxandxsecretedxintoxt
hexcytoplasmxthroughxporesxinxthexnuclearxenvelopexcalledxnuclearxporexcomplexes.xLysoso
mesxarexsaclikexstructuresxthatxoriginatexfromxthexGolgixcomplexxandxcontainxmorexthanx40xd
igestivexenzymesxcalledxhydrolases,xwhichxcatalyzexbondsxinxproteins,xlipids,xnucleicxacids,x
andxcarbohydrates.xOxyhydrosomesxarexinvolvedxinxenzymexproduction.
PTS:xxx 1 REF:xPagex8
2. Whichxstatementxbestxdescribesxthexcellularxfunctionxofxmetabolicxabsorption?
a. Cellsxcanxproducexproteins. c. Cellsxcanxtakexinxandxusexnutrients.
b. Cellsxcanxsecretexdigestivexenzymes. d.x Cellsxcanxsynthesizexfats.
ANS:xC
Inxmetabolicxabsorption,xallxcellsxtakexinxandxusexnutrientsxandxotherxsubstancesxfromxtheirxs
urroundings.xThexremainingxoptionsxarexnotxinclusivexinxtheirxdescriptionsxofxcellularxmeta
bolicxabsorption.
PTS:xxx 1 REF:xPagex2
3. Mostxofxaxcell’sxgeneticxinformation,xincludingxRNAxandxDNA,xisxcontainedxinxthe:
a. Mitochondria c. Nucleolus
b. Ribosome d.xxx Lysosome
ANS:xC
Thexnucleusxcontainsxthexnucleolus,xaxsmallxdensexstructurexcomposedxlargelyxofxRNA,xmo
stxofxthexcellularxDNA,xandxthexDNA-
bindingxproteins,xsuchxasxthexhistones,xwhichxregulatexitsxactivity.xThexotherxoptionsxdoxnotx
containxmostxofxaxcell’sxgeneticxinformation.
PTS:xxx 1 REF:xPagex2
4. Whichxcellxcomponentxisxcapablexofxcellularxautodigestionxwhenxitxisxreleasedxduringxcellxi
njury?
a. Ribosome c. Smoothxendoplasmicxreticulum
b. Golgixcomplex
d.xLysosomesxANS:xD
, Thexlysosomalxmembranexactsxasxaxprotectivexshieldxbetweenxthexpowerfulxdigestivexenzym
esxwithinxthexlysosomexandxthexcytoplasm,xpreventingxtheirxleakagexintoxthexcytoplasmicxma
trix.xDisruptionxofxthexmembranexbyxvariousxtreatmentsxorxcellularxinjuryxleadsxtoxaxreleasexo
fxthexlysosomalxenzymes,xwhichxcanxthenxreactxwithxtheirxspecificxsubstrates,xcausingxcellula
rxself-digestion.xThexotherxoptionsxdoxnotxcorrectlyxdescribexthisxprocess.
PTS:xxx 1 REF:xPagesx7-8
5. Whatxisxthexsequencexofxstepsxinxthexdevelopmentxofxaxdigestivexenzymexbyxthexpancreasxc
ellsxfromxthexinitialxtranscriptionxtoxthexreleasexfromxthexcell?
a. ThexenzymexisxtranscribedxfromxDNAxbyxRNAxinxthexnucleus,xproceedsxtoxthexri
bosomexforxsynthesis,xandxisxtransportedxinxaxsecretoryxvesiclextoxthexcellxmem
brane.
b. ThexenzymexisxtranscribedxfromxRNAxbyxDNAxinxthexnucleus,xproceedsxtoxthexlysos
omexforxsynthesis,xandxisxtransportedxinxanxencapsulatedxmembranextoxthexcellxmemb
rane.
c. Thexenzymexisxtranscribedxbyxthexmitochondriaxinxthexnucleus,xproceedsxtoxthexribo
somexforxsynthesis,xandxisxtransportedxinxaxcytoskeletonxtoxthexcellxmembrane.
d. ThexenzymexisxtranscribedxfromxDNAxbyxRNAxinxthexnucleus,xproceedsxtoxthexGol
gixcomplexxforxsynthesis,xandxisxtransportedxinxaxcytosolxtoxthexcellxmembrane.
ANS:xA
ThexenzymexisxtranscribedxfromxDNAxbyxRNAxinxthexnucleus,xproceedsxtoxthexribosomexf
orxsynthesis,xandxisxtransportedxinxaxsecretoryxvesiclextoxthexcellxmembrane.xThexotherxopt
ionsxdoxnotxcorrectlyxdescribexthisxprocess.
NURSINGTB.COM
PTS:xxx 1 REF:xPagex7x|xFigurex1-5
6. DuringxwhichxphasexofxthexcellxcyclexisxDNAxsynthesized?
a. G1 c. G2
b. S d.x M
ANS:xB
Thexfourxdesignatedxphasesxofxthexcellxcyclexare:x(1)xthexG1xphasex(Gx=xgap),xwhichxisxthexper
iodxbetweenxthexMxphasex(Mx=xmitosis)xandxthexstartxofxDNAxsynthesis;x(2)xthexSxphasex(Sx=xs
ynthesis),xduringxwhichxDNAxisxsynthesizedxinxthexcellxnucleus;x(3)xthexG2xphase,xduringxwh
ichxRNAxandxproteinxsynthesisxoccurs,xthexperiodxbetweenxthexcompletionxofxDNAxsynthesi
sxandxthexnextxphasex(M);xandx(4)xthexMxphase,xwhichxincludesxnuclearxandxcytoplasmicxdivi
sion.
PTS:xxx 1 REF:xPagex37
7. Whatxorganicxcompoundxfacilitatesxtransportationxacrossxcellxmembranesxbyxactingxasxr
eceptors,xtransportxchannelsxforxelectrolytes,xandxenzymesxtoxdrivexactivexpumps?
a. Lipids c. Proteins
b. Proteases d.x Carbohydrates
ANS:xC
x x x
ce & Huether’s Patho
x x x
physiology: The Biolo x x
gic Basis for Disease i
x x x x
n Adultsand Childre
x x x
n 9th Edition by Julia
x x x x x
Rogers
1
, PATHO PHYSI x
OLOGY9TH x
EDITION M x
CCANCE TE x
STBANK
x
LATEST REVISED
x
,Chapter 1: Cellular Biology
x x x
MULTIPLExCHOICE
1. WhichxcomponentxofxthexcellxprodNuUceRsSIhNyGdTroBg.Cen
OMperoxidex(H 2O 2)xbyxusingxoxygenxtoxr
emovexhydrogenxatomsxfromxspecificxsubstratesxinxanxoxidativexreaction?
a. Lysosomes c. Ribosomes
b. Peroxisomes d.x Oxyhydrosomes
ANS:xB
Peroxisomesxarexsoxnamedxbecausextheyxusuallyxcontainxenzymesxthatxusexoxygenxtoxremov
exhydrogenxatomsxfromxspecificxsubstratesxinxanxoxidativexreactionxthatxproducesxH2O2,xwhi
chxisxaxpowerfulxoxidantxandxpotentiallyxdestructivexifxitxaccumulatesxorxescapesxfromxperoxi
somes.xRibosomesxarexRNA-
proteinxcomplexesx(nucleoproteins)xthatxarexsynthesizedxinxthexnucleolusxandxsecretedxintoxt
hexcytoplasmxthroughxporesxinxthexnuclearxenvelopexcalledxnuclearxporexcomplexes.xLysoso
mesxarexsaclikexstructuresxthatxoriginatexfromxthexGolgixcomplexxandxcontainxmorexthanx40xd
igestivexenzymesxcalledxhydrolases,xwhichxcatalyzexbondsxinxproteins,xlipids,xnucleicxacids,x
andxcarbohydrates.xOxyhydrosomesxarexinvolvedxinxenzymexproduction.
PTS:xxx 1 REF:xPagex8
2. Whichxstatementxbestxdescribesxthexcellularxfunctionxofxmetabolicxabsorption?
a. Cellsxcanxproducexproteins. c. Cellsxcanxtakexinxandxusexnutrients.
b. Cellsxcanxsecretexdigestivexenzymes. d.x Cellsxcanxsynthesizexfats.
ANS:xC
Inxmetabolicxabsorption,xallxcellsxtakexinxandxusexnutrientsxandxotherxsubstancesxfromxtheirxs
urroundings.xThexremainingxoptionsxarexnotxinclusivexinxtheirxdescriptionsxofxcellularxmeta
bolicxabsorption.
PTS:xxx 1 REF:xPagex2
3. Mostxofxaxcell’sxgeneticxinformation,xincludingxRNAxandxDNA,xisxcontainedxinxthe:
a. Mitochondria c. Nucleolus
b. Ribosome d.xxx Lysosome
ANS:xC
Thexnucleusxcontainsxthexnucleolus,xaxsmallxdensexstructurexcomposedxlargelyxofxRNA,xmo
stxofxthexcellularxDNA,xandxthexDNA-
bindingxproteins,xsuchxasxthexhistones,xwhichxregulatexitsxactivity.xThexotherxoptionsxdoxnotx
containxmostxofxaxcell’sxgeneticxinformation.
PTS:xxx 1 REF:xPagex2
4. Whichxcellxcomponentxisxcapablexofxcellularxautodigestionxwhenxitxisxreleasedxduringxcellxi
njury?
a. Ribosome c. Smoothxendoplasmicxreticulum
b. Golgixcomplex
d.xLysosomesxANS:xD
, Thexlysosomalxmembranexactsxasxaxprotectivexshieldxbetweenxthexpowerfulxdigestivexenzym
esxwithinxthexlysosomexandxthexcytoplasm,xpreventingxtheirxleakagexintoxthexcytoplasmicxma
trix.xDisruptionxofxthexmembranexbyxvariousxtreatmentsxorxcellularxinjuryxleadsxtoxaxreleasexo
fxthexlysosomalxenzymes,xwhichxcanxthenxreactxwithxtheirxspecificxsubstrates,xcausingxcellula
rxself-digestion.xThexotherxoptionsxdoxnotxcorrectlyxdescribexthisxprocess.
PTS:xxx 1 REF:xPagesx7-8
5. Whatxisxthexsequencexofxstepsxinxthexdevelopmentxofxaxdigestivexenzymexbyxthexpancreasxc
ellsxfromxthexinitialxtranscriptionxtoxthexreleasexfromxthexcell?
a. ThexenzymexisxtranscribedxfromxDNAxbyxRNAxinxthexnucleus,xproceedsxtoxthexri
bosomexforxsynthesis,xandxisxtransportedxinxaxsecretoryxvesiclextoxthexcellxmem
brane.
b. ThexenzymexisxtranscribedxfromxRNAxbyxDNAxinxthexnucleus,xproceedsxtoxthexlysos
omexforxsynthesis,xandxisxtransportedxinxanxencapsulatedxmembranextoxthexcellxmemb
rane.
c. Thexenzymexisxtranscribedxbyxthexmitochondriaxinxthexnucleus,xproceedsxtoxthexribo
somexforxsynthesis,xandxisxtransportedxinxaxcytoskeletonxtoxthexcellxmembrane.
d. ThexenzymexisxtranscribedxfromxDNAxbyxRNAxinxthexnucleus,xproceedsxtoxthexGol
gixcomplexxforxsynthesis,xandxisxtransportedxinxaxcytosolxtoxthexcellxmembrane.
ANS:xA
ThexenzymexisxtranscribedxfromxDNAxbyxRNAxinxthexnucleus,xproceedsxtoxthexribosomexf
orxsynthesis,xandxisxtransportedxinxaxsecretoryxvesiclextoxthexcellxmembrane.xThexotherxopt
ionsxdoxnotxcorrectlyxdescribexthisxprocess.
NURSINGTB.COM
PTS:xxx 1 REF:xPagex7x|xFigurex1-5
6. DuringxwhichxphasexofxthexcellxcyclexisxDNAxsynthesized?
a. G1 c. G2
b. S d.x M
ANS:xB
Thexfourxdesignatedxphasesxofxthexcellxcyclexare:x(1)xthexG1xphasex(Gx=xgap),xwhichxisxthexper
iodxbetweenxthexMxphasex(Mx=xmitosis)xandxthexstartxofxDNAxsynthesis;x(2)xthexSxphasex(Sx=xs
ynthesis),xduringxwhichxDNAxisxsynthesizedxinxthexcellxnucleus;x(3)xthexG2xphase,xduringxwh
ichxRNAxandxproteinxsynthesisxoccurs,xthexperiodxbetweenxthexcompletionxofxDNAxsynthesi
sxandxthexnextxphasex(M);xandx(4)xthexMxphase,xwhichxincludesxnuclearxandxcytoplasmicxdivi
sion.
PTS:xxx 1 REF:xPagex37
7. Whatxorganicxcompoundxfacilitatesxtransportationxacrossxcellxmembranesxbyxactingxasxr
eceptors,xtransportxchannelsxforxelectrolytes,xandxenzymesxtoxdrivexactivexpumps?
a. Lipids c. Proteins
b. Proteases d.x Carbohydrates
ANS:xC
