CriteriaooforooDMoodiagnosisoo-ooans--HemoglobinooA1coo≥oo6.5%oo
Fastingooplasmaooglucoseoo(FPG)oo≥oo126oomg/dLoo(8-houroofast)
2-
houroooralooglucoseootoleranceootest;oocommonootestooforoopregnantoowomenoo≥oo200oom
g/dLoo
Classicoosymptomsooandoorandomooplasmaooglucoseoo≥200oomg/
dLoo(classicoosymptoms:oopolyuria,oopolydipsia,oounexplainedooweightooloss)
BasicoooverviewooofootxooDMoo-ooans--Stepoo1:oolifestyleooandoometformin
Stepoo2:ooaddoosecondoojob
Stepoo3:oo3oodrugoocombooo
Stepoo4:ooinjectableooregimenoopossiblyooGLP-1
Biguanidesoo(Metformin)ooblackooboxooandoosideooeffectsoo-ooans--
Blackoobox:oolacticooacidosisoo-oohemodialysisoocanooremoveooaccumulatesoometforminoo
Sideooeffects:oodecreasedooappetite,oonausea,oodiarrhea,oovitoob12,oofolateoo
MonitoroorenaloofunctionooifooGFRoo<oo30oodcoodrug
SulfonylureasooContraindicationsoo-ooans--Pregnancy
Typeoo1DMoo
BF
Renalooandoohepaticoodysfunction
Sulfonylureasoodrugooexamplesooandooeducationoo-ooans---"ides"
Onlyooforootypeoo2oodiabetesoo
Educateooonoos/sooofoohypoglycemia
Meglitinidesoo-ooans--
Onlyooforootypeoo2oodm,oosameooasoosulfonylureas,oostimulateoopancreaticooinsulinoorelea
seoo
Contraindicatedooinooliverooimpairmentooandoogemfibrozil
Meglitinidesoodrugsoo-ooans--Glinides
TZDsoo-ooans--Onlyootypeoo2oo
Avoidooinooheartoofailureooandoobladderoocancer