CJ 101 Exam 1 (Chapters 1-4) with
answers
Lex |talionis |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔"Eye |for |eye, |tooth |for |tooth"; |retaliation |or |revenge |that |dates |
back |to |the |Bible |and |Middle |Ages.
Stare |decisis |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔"To |stand |by |a |decision" |- |a |doctrine |referring |to |court |
precedent, |whereby |lower |courts |must |follow |(and |render |the |same) |decisions |of |higher |courts |when |
the |same |legal |issues |and |questions |come |before |them, |thereby |not |disturbing |settled |points |of |law.
Criminal |Law |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔The |body |of |law |that |defines |criminal |offenses |and |prescribes |
punishments |for |their |infractions.
Civil |Law |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔A |generic |term |for |all |noncriminal |law, |usually |related |to |settling |
disputes |between |private |citizens, |governmental, |and/or |business |entities.
Plaintiff |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔The |party |bringing |a |lawsuit |or |initiating |a |legal |action |against |
someone |else.
Defendant |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔A |person |against |whom |a |criminal |charge |is |pending; |one |
charged |with |a |crime.
Burden |of |Proof |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔The |requirement |that |the |state |must |meet |to |introduce |
evidence |or |establish |facts.
Reasonable |Doubt |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔The |standard |used |by |jurors |to |arrive |at |a |verdict- |
whether |or |not |the |government |(prosecutor) |has |established |guilt |beyond |a |reasonable |doubt.
Substantive |Law |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔The |body |of |law |that |spells |out |the |elements |of |criminal |
acts.
, Procedural |Law |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔Rules |that |set |forth |how |substantive |laws |are |to |be |
enforced, |such |as |those |covering |arrest, |search, |and |seizure.
Intent, |specific |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔A |purposeful |act |or |state |of |mind |to |commit |a |crime.
Motive |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔The |reason |for |committing |a |crime.
Actus |reus |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔"Guilty |deed"- |An |act |that |accompanies |one's |intent |to |commit |a
|crime, |such |as |pulling |out |a |knife |and |then |stabbing |someone.
Mens |rea |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔A |necessary |element |of |a |crime; |the |evil |intent.
Felony |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔A |serious |offense |with |a |possible |sentence |of |more |that |a |year |in |
prison.
Misdemeanor |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔A |lesser |offense, |typically |punishable |by |a |fine |or |up |to |one |
year |in |a |local |jail.
Crime |against |persons |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔A |violent |crime, |to |include |murder, |rape, |robbery, |
and |assault.
Felony-Murder |Rule |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔The |legal |doctrine |that |says |that, |if |a |death |occurs |
during |the |commission |of |a |felony, |the |perpetrator |of |the |crime |may |be |charged |with |murder |in |the |
first |degree.
Crime |against |property |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔A |crime |during |which |no |violence |is |perpetrated |
against |a |person, |such |as |burglary, |theft, |and |arson.
Affirmative |Defense |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔The |defendant |admits |he |or |she |committed |the |act |
charged |but |argues |that |for |some |mitigating |reason |he |or |she |should |not |be |held |criminally |
responsible |under |the |law.
answers
Lex |talionis |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔"Eye |for |eye, |tooth |for |tooth"; |retaliation |or |revenge |that |dates |
back |to |the |Bible |and |Middle |Ages.
Stare |decisis |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔"To |stand |by |a |decision" |- |a |doctrine |referring |to |court |
precedent, |whereby |lower |courts |must |follow |(and |render |the |same) |decisions |of |higher |courts |when |
the |same |legal |issues |and |questions |come |before |them, |thereby |not |disturbing |settled |points |of |law.
Criminal |Law |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔The |body |of |law |that |defines |criminal |offenses |and |prescribes |
punishments |for |their |infractions.
Civil |Law |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔A |generic |term |for |all |noncriminal |law, |usually |related |to |settling |
disputes |between |private |citizens, |governmental, |and/or |business |entities.
Plaintiff |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔The |party |bringing |a |lawsuit |or |initiating |a |legal |action |against |
someone |else.
Defendant |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔A |person |against |whom |a |criminal |charge |is |pending; |one |
charged |with |a |crime.
Burden |of |Proof |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔The |requirement |that |the |state |must |meet |to |introduce |
evidence |or |establish |facts.
Reasonable |Doubt |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔The |standard |used |by |jurors |to |arrive |at |a |verdict- |
whether |or |not |the |government |(prosecutor) |has |established |guilt |beyond |a |reasonable |doubt.
Substantive |Law |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔The |body |of |law |that |spells |out |the |elements |of |criminal |
acts.
, Procedural |Law |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔Rules |that |set |forth |how |substantive |laws |are |to |be |
enforced, |such |as |those |covering |arrest, |search, |and |seizure.
Intent, |specific |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔A |purposeful |act |or |state |of |mind |to |commit |a |crime.
Motive |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔The |reason |for |committing |a |crime.
Actus |reus |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔"Guilty |deed"- |An |act |that |accompanies |one's |intent |to |commit |a
|crime, |such |as |pulling |out |a |knife |and |then |stabbing |someone.
Mens |rea |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔A |necessary |element |of |a |crime; |the |evil |intent.
Felony |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔A |serious |offense |with |a |possible |sentence |of |more |that |a |year |in |
prison.
Misdemeanor |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔A |lesser |offense, |typically |punishable |by |a |fine |or |up |to |one |
year |in |a |local |jail.
Crime |against |persons |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔A |violent |crime, |to |include |murder, |rape, |robbery, |
and |assault.
Felony-Murder |Rule |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔The |legal |doctrine |that |says |that, |if |a |death |occurs |
during |the |commission |of |a |felony, |the |perpetrator |of |the |crime |may |be |charged |with |murder |in |the |
first |degree.
Crime |against |property |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔A |crime |during |which |no |violence |is |perpetrated |
against |a |person, |such |as |burglary, |theft, |and |arson.
Affirmative |Defense |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔The |defendant |admits |he |or |she |committed |the |act |
charged |but |argues |that |for |some |mitigating |reason |he |or |she |should |not |be |held |criminally |
responsible |under |the |law.
