ORTHOPEDIC NURSING EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100%
CORRECT
5 Steps in Bone Healing - ANSWER-1. Hematoma
2. Fibrocartilaginous Callus Formation
3. Bony Callus Formation
4. Remodeling
Hematoma - ANSWER--inflammatory process
-cell migration to area
Fibrocartilaginous Callus Formation - ANSWER--starts within 48 hours
-granulation replaces hematoma
-osteoblasts build a web of collagen fibers (3 weeks)
Bony Callus Formation - ANSWER--starts in 3-4 weeks
-new bone
-osteoclasts invade: reabsorbs excess callus as it is replaced by mature bone
Remodeling - ANSWER--2-4 months
-plates/bars are laid down
-repaired along lines of stress
Goal of Reduction - ANSWER-- fix fracture
- approximate segments
- restore normal position
Closed Reduction - ANSWER-- manual manipulation of skin
Open Reduction - ANSWER-- surgical manipulation of bone
Immobilization - ANSWER-- goal : fixation/alignment of segments
Methods of Immobilization - ANSWER-- Internal fixation
- External fixation
Internal Fixation - ANSWER-- pins, plates, rods, hardware
- advantages = fast ambulation
- disadvantages = surgery is required
Factors in Bone Healing - ANSWER-- calcium
, - vitamin D
- Alkaline Phosphate
- Decreased circulation
- No osteoporosis
- no infection
Diagnostic Radiology - ANSWER-- Xray
- MRI
- Bone Scan
- Myelogram
Myelogram - ANSWER-- check for allergies (Shell fish)
- dye used
CSF - ANSWER-- clear
- appears on a dressing as a green halo
Dislocation - ANSWER-- loss of articulation of the bone ends in the joint caps
Subluxation - ANSWER-- partial dislocation where bone ends still partially touch
Nursing Care - Joint Trauma - ANSWER-- Risk for Injury
- Acute Pain
- Impaired Physical Mobility
Ice / Heat - ANSWER-- 20 minutes on, 20 minutes off
Bursitis - ANSWER-- inflammation of bursa
Epicondylitis - ANSWER-- Tennis Elbow
- inflammation of tendon at point of origin to bone
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome - ANSWER-- compression of median nerve and inflammation
of the lining of the synovial sheath
- less room compresses nerves and causes pain
Treatment for Repetitive Injuries - ANSWER-- Conservative
- Surgery
Nursing Care for Skin Traction - ANSWER-- skin assessment (look for pressure areas)
- protect pressure sites
- remove weights if intermittent traction
- relieve muscle spasms
Skeletal Traction - ANSWER-- long term
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100%
CORRECT
5 Steps in Bone Healing - ANSWER-1. Hematoma
2. Fibrocartilaginous Callus Formation
3. Bony Callus Formation
4. Remodeling
Hematoma - ANSWER--inflammatory process
-cell migration to area
Fibrocartilaginous Callus Formation - ANSWER--starts within 48 hours
-granulation replaces hematoma
-osteoblasts build a web of collagen fibers (3 weeks)
Bony Callus Formation - ANSWER--starts in 3-4 weeks
-new bone
-osteoclasts invade: reabsorbs excess callus as it is replaced by mature bone
Remodeling - ANSWER--2-4 months
-plates/bars are laid down
-repaired along lines of stress
Goal of Reduction - ANSWER-- fix fracture
- approximate segments
- restore normal position
Closed Reduction - ANSWER-- manual manipulation of skin
Open Reduction - ANSWER-- surgical manipulation of bone
Immobilization - ANSWER-- goal : fixation/alignment of segments
Methods of Immobilization - ANSWER-- Internal fixation
- External fixation
Internal Fixation - ANSWER-- pins, plates, rods, hardware
- advantages = fast ambulation
- disadvantages = surgery is required
Factors in Bone Healing - ANSWER-- calcium
, - vitamin D
- Alkaline Phosphate
- Decreased circulation
- No osteoporosis
- no infection
Diagnostic Radiology - ANSWER-- Xray
- MRI
- Bone Scan
- Myelogram
Myelogram - ANSWER-- check for allergies (Shell fish)
- dye used
CSF - ANSWER-- clear
- appears on a dressing as a green halo
Dislocation - ANSWER-- loss of articulation of the bone ends in the joint caps
Subluxation - ANSWER-- partial dislocation where bone ends still partially touch
Nursing Care - Joint Trauma - ANSWER-- Risk for Injury
- Acute Pain
- Impaired Physical Mobility
Ice / Heat - ANSWER-- 20 minutes on, 20 minutes off
Bursitis - ANSWER-- inflammation of bursa
Epicondylitis - ANSWER-- Tennis Elbow
- inflammation of tendon at point of origin to bone
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome - ANSWER-- compression of median nerve and inflammation
of the lining of the synovial sheath
- less room compresses nerves and causes pain
Treatment for Repetitive Injuries - ANSWER-- Conservative
- Surgery
Nursing Care for Skin Traction - ANSWER-- skin assessment (look for pressure areas)
- protect pressure sites
- remove weights if intermittent traction
- relieve muscle spasms
Skeletal Traction - ANSWER-- long term
