FSE1000 Intro Mid-term Questions with
Verified Answers
What is the Vikings word for Heaven? ✔️✔️Valhalla
What was the primary mode of disposition for Viking warriors? ✔️✔️Boat burial
How did Viking cremation differ from other religious cremations? ✔️✔️It was done on a
Viking ship that contained all possessions of the dead warrior, including his wife who would
practice sutee
What is the name for the period in Western Europe that was before the renaissance but after the
fall of the Roman Empire? ✔️✔️Middle Ages/ Dark Ages/ Medieval Period
The charging of a mortuary fee to pray the deceased to Heaven: ✔️✔️Soul shot
The belief that those souls not perfectly cleansed undergo a process of cleansing before entering
Heaven: ✔️✔️Doctrine of Purgatory (brought about the need for soul shot, leagues of prayer
and the guilds)
Who was in charge of cemeteries and burials during the Dark Ages (Middle Ages/Renaissance)?
✔️✔️The sexton
,What was the job of the steward of the guild? ✔️✔️He served as the church administrator who
charged a fee (soul shot) for use of his church and for prayer. He scheduled the funeral mass and
all other details and arrangements
Why did wealthy families make a "death mask of Effigy"? ✔️✔️The extravagance of the
funeral took so long to arrange, the body would be buried before hand and the mask was used at
the mass to resemble the deceased
Why did poor families make a "death mask of Effigy"? ✔️✔️If they could not afford the
mortuary fee, they had to wait days or weeks before mass and the body would be left to
decompose until then *OR* it would be taken by the sexton to be buried without the family's
involvement
What was unique about the way bodies were buried in Medieval times and why was this done?
✔️✔️Bodies were buried with their feet facing East so that the body would be looking forward
when Christ returned and they would sit up from their graves
Crusaders (Christian warriors) went to fight in the Holy Lands and those that were killed would
have their flesh boiled off and their bones brought back home for burial at their home church:
✔️✔️Independent bone burial
, A practice used by only saints and martyrs where their hearts would be removed at the T.O.D
and were then buried in a niche in the church walls. The body would be buried separately:
✔️✔️Independent heart burial
Embalming was primarily used for who and why? ✔️✔️Royalty; to preserve them until their
extravagant funeral mass & music could be assembled. Also so distant friends/family would have
enough time to gather
What is a medieval sin-eater? ✔️✔️A person who was paid to eat bread and drink beer over a
deceased persons grave, thought to thereby be "digesting the sins" of the deceased so that the
spirit would not be left to wander the countryside
Renaissance barber surgeons were surgeons of the ________ robe because.... ✔️✔️Short robe;
because they primarily cared for people who could not afford medical care (the poor)
University educated surgeons were surgeons of the _________ robe ✔️✔️Long robe
Who were the only people during the Renaissance period to have surgical instruments other than
surgeons/physicians? ✔️✔️Barber surgeons
How did barber surgeons treat illnesses? ✔️✔️They likely used leeches to drain blood
(bloodletting) than use antiseptics
Verified Answers
What is the Vikings word for Heaven? ✔️✔️Valhalla
What was the primary mode of disposition for Viking warriors? ✔️✔️Boat burial
How did Viking cremation differ from other religious cremations? ✔️✔️It was done on a
Viking ship that contained all possessions of the dead warrior, including his wife who would
practice sutee
What is the name for the period in Western Europe that was before the renaissance but after the
fall of the Roman Empire? ✔️✔️Middle Ages/ Dark Ages/ Medieval Period
The charging of a mortuary fee to pray the deceased to Heaven: ✔️✔️Soul shot
The belief that those souls not perfectly cleansed undergo a process of cleansing before entering
Heaven: ✔️✔️Doctrine of Purgatory (brought about the need for soul shot, leagues of prayer
and the guilds)
Who was in charge of cemeteries and burials during the Dark Ages (Middle Ages/Renaissance)?
✔️✔️The sexton
,What was the job of the steward of the guild? ✔️✔️He served as the church administrator who
charged a fee (soul shot) for use of his church and for prayer. He scheduled the funeral mass and
all other details and arrangements
Why did wealthy families make a "death mask of Effigy"? ✔️✔️The extravagance of the
funeral took so long to arrange, the body would be buried before hand and the mask was used at
the mass to resemble the deceased
Why did poor families make a "death mask of Effigy"? ✔️✔️If they could not afford the
mortuary fee, they had to wait days or weeks before mass and the body would be left to
decompose until then *OR* it would be taken by the sexton to be buried without the family's
involvement
What was unique about the way bodies were buried in Medieval times and why was this done?
✔️✔️Bodies were buried with their feet facing East so that the body would be looking forward
when Christ returned and they would sit up from their graves
Crusaders (Christian warriors) went to fight in the Holy Lands and those that were killed would
have their flesh boiled off and their bones brought back home for burial at their home church:
✔️✔️Independent bone burial
, A practice used by only saints and martyrs where their hearts would be removed at the T.O.D
and were then buried in a niche in the church walls. The body would be buried separately:
✔️✔️Independent heart burial
Embalming was primarily used for who and why? ✔️✔️Royalty; to preserve them until their
extravagant funeral mass & music could be assembled. Also so distant friends/family would have
enough time to gather
What is a medieval sin-eater? ✔️✔️A person who was paid to eat bread and drink beer over a
deceased persons grave, thought to thereby be "digesting the sins" of the deceased so that the
spirit would not be left to wander the countryside
Renaissance barber surgeons were surgeons of the ________ robe because.... ✔️✔️Short robe;
because they primarily cared for people who could not afford medical care (the poor)
University educated surgeons were surgeons of the _________ robe ✔️✔️Long robe
Who were the only people during the Renaissance period to have surgical instruments other than
surgeons/physicians? ✔️✔️Barber surgeons
How did barber surgeons treat illnesses? ✔️✔️They likely used leeches to drain blood
(bloodletting) than use antiseptics
