NURS 5433 MODULE 7 VALVE DISORDERS NEW EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (A+)
What is atrial fibrillation?
a supraventricular tachyarrhythmia characterized by rapid uncoordinated atrial activity
with an uncoordinated ventricular response
Name 5 risk factors for a-fib
HTN, hyperthyroid, Fam hx, obesity, age
Name 5 causes of a-fib
hypothermia, valvular heart disease, thyroid disease, heart failure, electrolyte
imbalances
what are the 4 basis of treating a-fib?
manage underlying disease
rate control
rhythm control
prevent clots
What diagnostics are needed for PAD
ABI
lipids (fasting)
doppler
MRI angiography (GOLD STANDARD)
,What is non-pharm management of PAD?
exercise, low fat diet, stop smoking, cardiac rehab programs
surgery!!
What is pharm management of PAD?
ASA
Plavix or another anticoagulant
Cilostazol helps claudication pain
What referral is needed for PAD?
vascular surgeon if persistent symptoms, conservative treatment not helping for 3-6m,
limb ischemia, gangrene
describe varicose veins
Occur from stretch of veins and valve flaps not properly closing to prevent blood
backflow.
name 5 risk factors for varicose veins
prolonged standing
obesity
pregnancy
age
fam hx
What diagnostics can be done for varicose veins?
inspection
Duplex
venous doppler study
What is non-pharm management for varicose veins
avoid prolonged standing
, lose weight
support hose
vein obliterations
What is pharm management for varicose veins
sclerotherapy
Name the degrees of stenosis in CAD
High grade--80-99% occlusion
Moderate grade--50-79%
Low grade--<50%
What are some s/s of coronary artery stenosis
dizziness
blurred vision
syncope
weakness
aphasia
what exam needs to be done in a patient with coronary artery stenosis
full cardiac and neuro exam
BP in lying and sitting positions (in both arms)
pulses (listen for bruits)
What diagnostics are needed in carotid stenosis?
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (A+)
What is atrial fibrillation?
a supraventricular tachyarrhythmia characterized by rapid uncoordinated atrial activity
with an uncoordinated ventricular response
Name 5 risk factors for a-fib
HTN, hyperthyroid, Fam hx, obesity, age
Name 5 causes of a-fib
hypothermia, valvular heart disease, thyroid disease, heart failure, electrolyte
imbalances
what are the 4 basis of treating a-fib?
manage underlying disease
rate control
rhythm control
prevent clots
What diagnostics are needed for PAD
ABI
lipids (fasting)
doppler
MRI angiography (GOLD STANDARD)
,What is non-pharm management of PAD?
exercise, low fat diet, stop smoking, cardiac rehab programs
surgery!!
What is pharm management of PAD?
ASA
Plavix or another anticoagulant
Cilostazol helps claudication pain
What referral is needed for PAD?
vascular surgeon if persistent symptoms, conservative treatment not helping for 3-6m,
limb ischemia, gangrene
describe varicose veins
Occur from stretch of veins and valve flaps not properly closing to prevent blood
backflow.
name 5 risk factors for varicose veins
prolonged standing
obesity
pregnancy
age
fam hx
What diagnostics can be done for varicose veins?
inspection
Duplex
venous doppler study
What is non-pharm management for varicose veins
avoid prolonged standing
, lose weight
support hose
vein obliterations
What is pharm management for varicose veins
sclerotherapy
Name the degrees of stenosis in CAD
High grade--80-99% occlusion
Moderate grade--50-79%
Low grade--<50%
What are some s/s of coronary artery stenosis
dizziness
blurred vision
syncope
weakness
aphasia
what exam needs to be done in a patient with coronary artery stenosis
full cardiac and neuro exam
BP in lying and sitting positions (in both arms)
pulses (listen for bruits)
What diagnostics are needed in carotid stenosis?
