AmSect Mock Exams: Questions With Expert Verified
Solutions
Which drug is an anti-inflammatory drug used to decrease immune response
to transplanted organs or tissue? Right Ans - Solu-medrol
A silastic boot in the arterial pump head... Right Ans - is forgiving when it
comes to pressurization,
degrades from the inside first,
degrades to an appreciable degree,
is coated with bio-friendly materials
List three characteristics of an under-occlusive roller pump. Right Ans - 1.
Inaccurate flow measurements
2. Backflow
3. Excessive turbulence
List three procedure where femoral artery cannulation is needed for CPB.
Right Ans - 1. Redo sternotomy
2. Thoracotomy-approach mitral valve surgery
3. Surgery involving the ascending aorta
Volume of 5/8" ID tubing 1 foot in length. Right Ans - 60 ml
Volume of 1/2" ID tubing 1 foot in length. Right Ans - 40 ml
Volume of 3/8" ID tubing 1 foot in length. Right Ans - 20 ml
Volume of 1/4" ID tubing 1 foot in length. Right Ans - 10 ml
List three surgeries where bi-caval venous cannulation is required. Right
Ans - 1. ASD Repair
2. VSD Repair
3. Tricuspid Valve Repair
Also mitral valve
Pulmonary and aortic valves are referred to __________ valves. Right Ans -
Semilunar
,What are the names of the pulmonary valve leaflets? Right Ans - Anterior,
left, right
What are the names of the aortic valve leaflets? Right Ans - Posterior, left,
right
What are the names of the tricuspid valve leaflets? Right Ans - Anterior,
posterior, septal
What are the names of the mitral valve leaflets? Right Ans - Anterior lateral
and posterior medial
The heart is surrounded by tissue called: Right Ans - pericardium
List the layers of the pericardium/heart. Right Ans - Fibrous Pericardium
Parietal Serous Layer - runs 2 cm up the great vessels
Space - filled with serous fluid (50 ml)
Visceral Serous Layer - epicardium
Myocardium
Endocardium - inner lining
Which two arteries carry un-oxygenated blood? Right Ans - Pulmonary
artery and umbilical artery
What is the normal pacemaker of the heart? Right Ans - SA Node
What is the backup pacemaker? Right Ans - AV Node
Which valves close at the beginning of ventricular contraction? Right Ans -
Tricuspid and Mitral
Where is the femoral artery located relative to the femoral vein? Right Ans
- Lateral - VAN meaning femoral vein, artery, and nerve from medial to lateral
What branches the left main coronary artery? Right Ans - Left Anterior
Descending (LAD) and Circumflex (CX)
What branches from the LAD? Right Ans - Diagonals
,What vein runs along the LAD? Right Ans - Great Cardiac Vein
What branches from the CX? Right Ans - Obtuse Marginals
What vein runs along obtuse marginals? Right Ans - Left Marginal Veins
Which veins drain into the coronary sinus? Right Ans - Great Cardiac Vein,
Left Marginal Veins, Middle Vein, and Left Posterior Veins
Which veins drain into the anterior cardiac system? Right Ans - Right
Marginal Vein, Small Cardiac Vein (acute marginal), and Sinus Node Veins into
RA
What are the branches of the RCA? Right Ans - Conus, SA Nodal, Acute
Marginals, and PDA
What is the PDA dominance of RCA, LCA, and both? Right Ans - 70%, 20%,
10%
Where do the Thebesian veins empty? Right Ans - Respective chambers
Where does the coronary sinus lie? Right Ans - Posterior Atrioventricular
Sulcus
Where does the PDA lie? Right Ans - Posterior Inter-ventricular Sulcus
Where does the heart lie in the chest? Right Ans - Middle Mediastinum
How much does the heart weigh? Right Ans - Male 280-340 grams and
Female 230-280 grams
How many grams are in an ounce? Right Ans - 28.3 grams or 453 grams per
pound
What are the dimensions of the heart? Right Ans - 12 cm x 8 cm x 6 cm
How thick is the right atrium? Right Ans - 2-3 mm
, Tricuspid and Mitral valve leaflets are connected by what structure? Right
Ans - Chordae Tendinae
Which muscle is responsible for preventing the leaflets from going back into
the atrium? Right Ans - Papillary Muscles
How long is the pulmonary artery? Right Ans - About 2 inches
How do the papillary muscles in the LV help in ventricular contraction?
Right Ans - By allowing longitudinal shortening of the LV
Which mitral valve leaflet is spared if the valve is replaced and why? Right
Ans - The posterior leaflet to aid in longitudinal shortening of the LV.
What is the extra layer of muscle called in the LV? Right Ans - Deep bulbo
layer
What is the enlarged portion of the great vessels called? Right Ans -
Pulmonary and Aortic Sinus of Valsalva
What are the openings of the called of the coronary arteries? Right Ans -
Coronary Ostia
Which artery supplies the posteromedial papillary muscle? Right Ans - PDA
What is a sequelae of an MI? Right Ans - Mitral Regurgitation
Do cardiac veins have valves and how does that affect cardioplegia (CPG)
administration? Right Ans - No; it makes it possible to give retrograde CPG.
What are the three layers of an artery? Right Ans - Intima - smooth
endothelial lining, CT, and some muscle
Media - muscle and elastic fibers
Adventitia - fibrous CT preventing too much expansion
What is the average diameter of the aorta? Right Ans - 2.5 cm
List the three head/arch vessels. Right Ans - Innominate, Left Common
Carotid, and Left Subclavian Arteries
Solutions
Which drug is an anti-inflammatory drug used to decrease immune response
to transplanted organs or tissue? Right Ans - Solu-medrol
A silastic boot in the arterial pump head... Right Ans - is forgiving when it
comes to pressurization,
degrades from the inside first,
degrades to an appreciable degree,
is coated with bio-friendly materials
List three characteristics of an under-occlusive roller pump. Right Ans - 1.
Inaccurate flow measurements
2. Backflow
3. Excessive turbulence
List three procedure where femoral artery cannulation is needed for CPB.
Right Ans - 1. Redo sternotomy
2. Thoracotomy-approach mitral valve surgery
3. Surgery involving the ascending aorta
Volume of 5/8" ID tubing 1 foot in length. Right Ans - 60 ml
Volume of 1/2" ID tubing 1 foot in length. Right Ans - 40 ml
Volume of 3/8" ID tubing 1 foot in length. Right Ans - 20 ml
Volume of 1/4" ID tubing 1 foot in length. Right Ans - 10 ml
List three surgeries where bi-caval venous cannulation is required. Right
Ans - 1. ASD Repair
2. VSD Repair
3. Tricuspid Valve Repair
Also mitral valve
Pulmonary and aortic valves are referred to __________ valves. Right Ans -
Semilunar
,What are the names of the pulmonary valve leaflets? Right Ans - Anterior,
left, right
What are the names of the aortic valve leaflets? Right Ans - Posterior, left,
right
What are the names of the tricuspid valve leaflets? Right Ans - Anterior,
posterior, septal
What are the names of the mitral valve leaflets? Right Ans - Anterior lateral
and posterior medial
The heart is surrounded by tissue called: Right Ans - pericardium
List the layers of the pericardium/heart. Right Ans - Fibrous Pericardium
Parietal Serous Layer - runs 2 cm up the great vessels
Space - filled with serous fluid (50 ml)
Visceral Serous Layer - epicardium
Myocardium
Endocardium - inner lining
Which two arteries carry un-oxygenated blood? Right Ans - Pulmonary
artery and umbilical artery
What is the normal pacemaker of the heart? Right Ans - SA Node
What is the backup pacemaker? Right Ans - AV Node
Which valves close at the beginning of ventricular contraction? Right Ans -
Tricuspid and Mitral
Where is the femoral artery located relative to the femoral vein? Right Ans
- Lateral - VAN meaning femoral vein, artery, and nerve from medial to lateral
What branches the left main coronary artery? Right Ans - Left Anterior
Descending (LAD) and Circumflex (CX)
What branches from the LAD? Right Ans - Diagonals
,What vein runs along the LAD? Right Ans - Great Cardiac Vein
What branches from the CX? Right Ans - Obtuse Marginals
What vein runs along obtuse marginals? Right Ans - Left Marginal Veins
Which veins drain into the coronary sinus? Right Ans - Great Cardiac Vein,
Left Marginal Veins, Middle Vein, and Left Posterior Veins
Which veins drain into the anterior cardiac system? Right Ans - Right
Marginal Vein, Small Cardiac Vein (acute marginal), and Sinus Node Veins into
RA
What are the branches of the RCA? Right Ans - Conus, SA Nodal, Acute
Marginals, and PDA
What is the PDA dominance of RCA, LCA, and both? Right Ans - 70%, 20%,
10%
Where do the Thebesian veins empty? Right Ans - Respective chambers
Where does the coronary sinus lie? Right Ans - Posterior Atrioventricular
Sulcus
Where does the PDA lie? Right Ans - Posterior Inter-ventricular Sulcus
Where does the heart lie in the chest? Right Ans - Middle Mediastinum
How much does the heart weigh? Right Ans - Male 280-340 grams and
Female 230-280 grams
How many grams are in an ounce? Right Ans - 28.3 grams or 453 grams per
pound
What are the dimensions of the heart? Right Ans - 12 cm x 8 cm x 6 cm
How thick is the right atrium? Right Ans - 2-3 mm
, Tricuspid and Mitral valve leaflets are connected by what structure? Right
Ans - Chordae Tendinae
Which muscle is responsible for preventing the leaflets from going back into
the atrium? Right Ans - Papillary Muscles
How long is the pulmonary artery? Right Ans - About 2 inches
How do the papillary muscles in the LV help in ventricular contraction?
Right Ans - By allowing longitudinal shortening of the LV
Which mitral valve leaflet is spared if the valve is replaced and why? Right
Ans - The posterior leaflet to aid in longitudinal shortening of the LV.
What is the extra layer of muscle called in the LV? Right Ans - Deep bulbo
layer
What is the enlarged portion of the great vessels called? Right Ans -
Pulmonary and Aortic Sinus of Valsalva
What are the openings of the called of the coronary arteries? Right Ans -
Coronary Ostia
Which artery supplies the posteromedial papillary muscle? Right Ans - PDA
What is a sequelae of an MI? Right Ans - Mitral Regurgitation
Do cardiac veins have valves and how does that affect cardioplegia (CPG)
administration? Right Ans - No; it makes it possible to give retrograde CPG.
What are the three layers of an artery? Right Ans - Intima - smooth
endothelial lining, CT, and some muscle
Media - muscle and elastic fibers
Adventitia - fibrous CT preventing too much expansion
What is the average diameter of the aorta? Right Ans - 2.5 cm
List the three head/arch vessels. Right Ans - Innominate, Left Common
Carotid, and Left Subclavian Arteries
