NPTE EXAM REVIEW Q&A
Hypomagnesemia can cause all except which of the following?
-ventricular arrhythmias
-sudden death
-coronary artery vasospasm
-atrial fibrillation - Answer--atrial fibrillation
=decreased magnesium concentrations results in increased intracellular calcium levels,
which can lead to increased heart actions such as ventricular arrhythmias, vasospasms
and sudden death
Which pancreatic hormone is responsible for modulating the rate of gastric emptying
and is secreted by beta cells of the pancreas?
-Amylin
-Insulin
-Somatostatin
-Glucagon - Answer--Amylin
=modulates the rate of nutrient delivery or gastric emptying , suppresses the release of
glucagon, secreted by the beta cells
-Insulin
=allows uptake of glucose from the bloodstream, suppresses hepatic glucose
production and lowers plasma glucose levels, secreted by beta cells of the pancreas
- Glucagon
=stimulates hepatic glucose production to raise glucose levels, particularly in a fasting
state, it is secreted by the alpha cells
-Somatostatin
=acts to depress secretion of both insulin and glycogen locally, decreases motility of the
stomach, duodenum, and gallbladder, secreted by the delta cells
What is the S1-S2 reflex testing site?
-biceps
-achilles
-quadriceps
-hamstrings - Answer--Achilles
=S1-S2
-biceps
=C5-C6
-quadriceps
=L2-L4
-hamstrings
=L5-S3
,The ballotable patella test (aka patellar tap test) is a special knee test that indicates
which of the following?
-dysfunction of the common fibular nerve
-infrapatellar effusion
-plica dysfunction
-patellofemoral dysfunction - Answer--infrapatellar effusion
=soft tap is applied over the patella and deemed (+) when the patella is perceived as
floating
-patellofemoral dysfunction
=Clarke's sign
-dysfunction of the common fibular nerve
=Tinel's sign
-plica dysfunction
=Hughston's plica test
Clarke's sign - Answer-indicates patellofemoral dysfunction
Hughston's plica test - Answer-identifies dysfunction of the plica
If an intermittent mechanical compression unit is used to treat traumatic edema, what
should the duration of treatment be?
-2 hrs daily
-1 hr a day
-1 hr sessions 3x per day
-2.5 hrs 3x a week - Answer--2 hrs daily
=traumatic edema parameters
-1 hr a day
=residual limb edema
-1 hr sessions 3x per day
=progression for residual limb edema
-2.5 hrs 3x a week
=venous ulcer treatment
Which form of lymphatic disease is characterized by enlargement of nodes, which may
or may not be tender?
-primary lymphatic disease
-acute lymphangitis
-lymphadenopathy
-secondary lymphatic disease - Answer--lymphadenopathy
=lymphatic disease characterized by enlargement of nodes, which may or may not be
tender
-acute lymphangitis
,=acute bacterial infection spreading throughout the lymph system, typically
streptococcal
-primary lymphatic disease
=congenital condition thought to be the result of malformation of the lymph nodes or
vessels at birth
-secondary lymphatic
=disease is an acquired condition, due to trauma, surgery, radiation or other diseases
Which of the following is a cause associated with hypomagnesemia (< 1.8 mg/dL)?
-hypothyroidism
-diabetic acidosis
-chronic pancreatitis
-Addison's disease - Answer--chronic pancreatitis
=cause associated with hypomagnesemia, other causes include: hemodialysis, hepatic
cirrhosis, hypoparathyroidism, severe burns, blood transfusions, chronic renal diseases
=signs of hypermagnesemia include: diabetic acidosis, Addison's disease, and
hypothyroidism
Which of the following is not characteristic of stage 2 lymphedema?
-skin begins to toughen
-edema is non-pitting
-edema decreases with overnight elevation of the limb
-scar tissue forms - Answer--edema decreases with overnight elevation of the limb
=Stage 2 lymphedema is characterized by the accumulation of protein rich fluid, with
non-pitting edema, skin begins to toughen, with connective scar tissue and fibrosis
present, edema does not reverse with elevation
=Stage 1- protein rich fluid, pitting edema, edema decreases with elevation overnight,
edema increases with activity, heat and humidity
=Stage 3- protein rich fluid and edema, significant scar tissue and skin is resilient to
touch and very tough, papillomas are present as well as hyperkeratosis, edema is not
reversible with elevation and the individual is subject to infections due to fluid buildup
Which system is the lymphatic system least correlated with?
-circulatory system
-integumentary system
-gastrointestinal system
-immune system - Answer--gastrointestinal system
=b/c of the many roles and locations throughout the body, the lymphatic system is
closely correlated with the immune system, circulatory system, and the integumentary
system, the 2 main functions are to protect the body from infection via the immune
response and facilitate fluid exchange
, Hypermagnesemia can cause which of the following?
-decreased force of contraction
-cardiac arrest
-coronary artery vasospasm
-ventricular fibrillation - Answer--cardiac arrest
=hypermagnesemia is a calcium channel blocker which can lead to cardiac arrest or
arrhythmias
-hypomagnesemia can cause coronary artery vasospasm
-hyperkalemia can cause decreased force of contractions
-hypokalemia can cause ventricular fibrillation
Alveolar hyperventilation is known to cause respiratory alkalosis. Which of the following
is not a common sign associated with respiratory alkalosis?
-early tetany
-syncope
-tingling
-secondary hyperventilation - Answer--secondary hyperventilation
=associated with metabolic acidosis
=common signs and symptoms of respiratory alkalosis include: dizziness, early tetany,
tingling, syncope, and numbness
Which of the A fibers is associated with pain, touch, and temperature?
-Beta
-Alpha
-Delta
-Gamma - Answer--Delta
=A fibers are the largest nerve fibers and fastest conducting, as they are myelinated
-Beta
=pressure and touch
-Alpha
=somatic motor and proprioception
-Gamma
=motor to muscle muscle spindles
Which are the possible side effects of long term use of Prednisone?
-weakening of the tendons, mm and bone
-increased RR
-nausea, vomiting
Hypomagnesemia can cause all except which of the following?
-ventricular arrhythmias
-sudden death
-coronary artery vasospasm
-atrial fibrillation - Answer--atrial fibrillation
=decreased magnesium concentrations results in increased intracellular calcium levels,
which can lead to increased heart actions such as ventricular arrhythmias, vasospasms
and sudden death
Which pancreatic hormone is responsible for modulating the rate of gastric emptying
and is secreted by beta cells of the pancreas?
-Amylin
-Insulin
-Somatostatin
-Glucagon - Answer--Amylin
=modulates the rate of nutrient delivery or gastric emptying , suppresses the release of
glucagon, secreted by the beta cells
-Insulin
=allows uptake of glucose from the bloodstream, suppresses hepatic glucose
production and lowers plasma glucose levels, secreted by beta cells of the pancreas
- Glucagon
=stimulates hepatic glucose production to raise glucose levels, particularly in a fasting
state, it is secreted by the alpha cells
-Somatostatin
=acts to depress secretion of both insulin and glycogen locally, decreases motility of the
stomach, duodenum, and gallbladder, secreted by the delta cells
What is the S1-S2 reflex testing site?
-biceps
-achilles
-quadriceps
-hamstrings - Answer--Achilles
=S1-S2
-biceps
=C5-C6
-quadriceps
=L2-L4
-hamstrings
=L5-S3
,The ballotable patella test (aka patellar tap test) is a special knee test that indicates
which of the following?
-dysfunction of the common fibular nerve
-infrapatellar effusion
-plica dysfunction
-patellofemoral dysfunction - Answer--infrapatellar effusion
=soft tap is applied over the patella and deemed (+) when the patella is perceived as
floating
-patellofemoral dysfunction
=Clarke's sign
-dysfunction of the common fibular nerve
=Tinel's sign
-plica dysfunction
=Hughston's plica test
Clarke's sign - Answer-indicates patellofemoral dysfunction
Hughston's plica test - Answer-identifies dysfunction of the plica
If an intermittent mechanical compression unit is used to treat traumatic edema, what
should the duration of treatment be?
-2 hrs daily
-1 hr a day
-1 hr sessions 3x per day
-2.5 hrs 3x a week - Answer--2 hrs daily
=traumatic edema parameters
-1 hr a day
=residual limb edema
-1 hr sessions 3x per day
=progression for residual limb edema
-2.5 hrs 3x a week
=venous ulcer treatment
Which form of lymphatic disease is characterized by enlargement of nodes, which may
or may not be tender?
-primary lymphatic disease
-acute lymphangitis
-lymphadenopathy
-secondary lymphatic disease - Answer--lymphadenopathy
=lymphatic disease characterized by enlargement of nodes, which may or may not be
tender
-acute lymphangitis
,=acute bacterial infection spreading throughout the lymph system, typically
streptococcal
-primary lymphatic disease
=congenital condition thought to be the result of malformation of the lymph nodes or
vessels at birth
-secondary lymphatic
=disease is an acquired condition, due to trauma, surgery, radiation or other diseases
Which of the following is a cause associated with hypomagnesemia (< 1.8 mg/dL)?
-hypothyroidism
-diabetic acidosis
-chronic pancreatitis
-Addison's disease - Answer--chronic pancreatitis
=cause associated with hypomagnesemia, other causes include: hemodialysis, hepatic
cirrhosis, hypoparathyroidism, severe burns, blood transfusions, chronic renal diseases
=signs of hypermagnesemia include: diabetic acidosis, Addison's disease, and
hypothyroidism
Which of the following is not characteristic of stage 2 lymphedema?
-skin begins to toughen
-edema is non-pitting
-edema decreases with overnight elevation of the limb
-scar tissue forms - Answer--edema decreases with overnight elevation of the limb
=Stage 2 lymphedema is characterized by the accumulation of protein rich fluid, with
non-pitting edema, skin begins to toughen, with connective scar tissue and fibrosis
present, edema does not reverse with elevation
=Stage 1- protein rich fluid, pitting edema, edema decreases with elevation overnight,
edema increases with activity, heat and humidity
=Stage 3- protein rich fluid and edema, significant scar tissue and skin is resilient to
touch and very tough, papillomas are present as well as hyperkeratosis, edema is not
reversible with elevation and the individual is subject to infections due to fluid buildup
Which system is the lymphatic system least correlated with?
-circulatory system
-integumentary system
-gastrointestinal system
-immune system - Answer--gastrointestinal system
=b/c of the many roles and locations throughout the body, the lymphatic system is
closely correlated with the immune system, circulatory system, and the integumentary
system, the 2 main functions are to protect the body from infection via the immune
response and facilitate fluid exchange
, Hypermagnesemia can cause which of the following?
-decreased force of contraction
-cardiac arrest
-coronary artery vasospasm
-ventricular fibrillation - Answer--cardiac arrest
=hypermagnesemia is a calcium channel blocker which can lead to cardiac arrest or
arrhythmias
-hypomagnesemia can cause coronary artery vasospasm
-hyperkalemia can cause decreased force of contractions
-hypokalemia can cause ventricular fibrillation
Alveolar hyperventilation is known to cause respiratory alkalosis. Which of the following
is not a common sign associated with respiratory alkalosis?
-early tetany
-syncope
-tingling
-secondary hyperventilation - Answer--secondary hyperventilation
=associated with metabolic acidosis
=common signs and symptoms of respiratory alkalosis include: dizziness, early tetany,
tingling, syncope, and numbness
Which of the A fibers is associated with pain, touch, and temperature?
-Beta
-Alpha
-Delta
-Gamma - Answer--Delta
=A fibers are the largest nerve fibers and fastest conducting, as they are myelinated
-Beta
=pressure and touch
-Alpha
=somatic motor and proprioception
-Gamma
=motor to muscle muscle spindles
Which are the possible side effects of long term use of Prednisone?
-weakening of the tendons, mm and bone
-increased RR
-nausea, vomiting
