pcol 2220 midterm 1 Exam with Accurate
Solutions
What are the 3 phases of drug action? - correct answer-pharmaceutical,
pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic
Pharmacodynamics - correct answer-How drugs react with receptors to produce desired
effect
Pharmacokinetics - correct answer-Drug's journey through the body
Pharmaceutical - correct answer-Disintegration of dosage
pharmacology - correct answer-study of the actions of drugs on biological systems
pharmacy - correct answer-production and dispensing of drugs
drug - correct answer-any chemical that interacts with and exerts an effect on a
biological system
xenobiotic - correct answer-any foreign substance in the body
toxicology - correct answer-study of the toxic effects of chemicals and drugs on
biological systems
analgesics - correct answer-treat pain or stop blood clotting
antidepressants - correct answer-treat depression or pain
circulatory system - correct answer-blood; left-side vena cava to right-side aorta to rest
of body to vena cava
gastrointestinal tract - correct answer-stomach > small intestine> large intestine
Central Nervous System (CNS) - correct answer-brain and spinal cord
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) - correct answer-neurons that connect the central
nervous system (CNS) to the rest of the body
autonomic nervous system - correct answer-the part of the peripheral nervous system
that controls the glands and the muscles of the internal organs
, sympathetic nervous system - correct answer-part of the autonomic nervous system
that arouses the body, mobilizing its energy in stressful situations
parasympathetic nervous system - correct answer-part of the autonomic nervous
system that calms the body, conserving its energy
somatic nervous system - correct answer-part of the peripheral nervous system that
controls the body's skeletal muscles
Neurons have 3 parts - correct answer-cell body, dendrites, axon
neurons communicate via - correct answer-electrical (action potentials) and chemical
(neurotransmitters) means
ADME - correct answer-absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion
routes of administration - correct answer-enteral, sublingual, rectal, parenteral
enteral route of administration - correct answer-via GI tract
oral, sublingual, rectal
Oral advantages and disadvantages - correct answer-convenient, simplest, economical,
relatively safe
slower onset of action, first pass effect, less predictable blood levels than other routes,
irritations, destruction by acid
Sublingual route of administration - correct answer-under the tongue
sublingual advantages and disadvantages - correct answer-no first-pass effect, no
destruction by stomach acid, rapid absorption
bad taste, limited to certain types of drugs, local irritation, only drugs with small doses
rectal advantages and disadvantages - correct answer-drug released at slow rate,
provides local therapeutic effect, useful in comatose or neonatal patients
inconvenient, noncompliance
parenteral route of administration - correct answer-via needle
subcutaneous (subQ) advantanges - correct answer-useful for proteins, prolonged
absorption
Solutions
What are the 3 phases of drug action? - correct answer-pharmaceutical,
pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic
Pharmacodynamics - correct answer-How drugs react with receptors to produce desired
effect
Pharmacokinetics - correct answer-Drug's journey through the body
Pharmaceutical - correct answer-Disintegration of dosage
pharmacology - correct answer-study of the actions of drugs on biological systems
pharmacy - correct answer-production and dispensing of drugs
drug - correct answer-any chemical that interacts with and exerts an effect on a
biological system
xenobiotic - correct answer-any foreign substance in the body
toxicology - correct answer-study of the toxic effects of chemicals and drugs on
biological systems
analgesics - correct answer-treat pain or stop blood clotting
antidepressants - correct answer-treat depression or pain
circulatory system - correct answer-blood; left-side vena cava to right-side aorta to rest
of body to vena cava
gastrointestinal tract - correct answer-stomach > small intestine> large intestine
Central Nervous System (CNS) - correct answer-brain and spinal cord
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) - correct answer-neurons that connect the central
nervous system (CNS) to the rest of the body
autonomic nervous system - correct answer-the part of the peripheral nervous system
that controls the glands and the muscles of the internal organs
, sympathetic nervous system - correct answer-part of the autonomic nervous system
that arouses the body, mobilizing its energy in stressful situations
parasympathetic nervous system - correct answer-part of the autonomic nervous
system that calms the body, conserving its energy
somatic nervous system - correct answer-part of the peripheral nervous system that
controls the body's skeletal muscles
Neurons have 3 parts - correct answer-cell body, dendrites, axon
neurons communicate via - correct answer-electrical (action potentials) and chemical
(neurotransmitters) means
ADME - correct answer-absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion
routes of administration - correct answer-enteral, sublingual, rectal, parenteral
enteral route of administration - correct answer-via GI tract
oral, sublingual, rectal
Oral advantages and disadvantages - correct answer-convenient, simplest, economical,
relatively safe
slower onset of action, first pass effect, less predictable blood levels than other routes,
irritations, destruction by acid
Sublingual route of administration - correct answer-under the tongue
sublingual advantages and disadvantages - correct answer-no first-pass effect, no
destruction by stomach acid, rapid absorption
bad taste, limited to certain types of drugs, local irritation, only drugs with small doses
rectal advantages and disadvantages - correct answer-drug released at slow rate,
provides local therapeutic effect, useful in comatose or neonatal patients
inconvenient, noncompliance
parenteral route of administration - correct answer-via needle
subcutaneous (subQ) advantanges - correct answer-useful for proteins, prolonged
absorption
