BASIC DYSRHYTHMIA-RELIAS questions and answers with solutions 2025

normal sinus rhythm - ANSWER heart rhythm originating in the sinoatrial node with a rate in patients at rest of 60 to 100 beats per minute Sinus Arrhythmia - ANSWER Appearance is ALMOST NORMAL: Respiratory - Circulatory interaction Rate INCREASES with INSPIRATION (IN=IN) Sinus Bradycardia - ANSWER <60 normal sinus rhythm Sinus Tachycardia - ANSWER >100 (100-150) normal sinus rhythm Premature Atrial Contraction (PAC) - ANSWER Heart Rate: Depends on underlying rhythm Regularity: Interrupts the regularity of underlying rhythm P-Wave: can be flattened, notched, or unusual. May be hidden within the T wave PRI: measures between .12-.20 seconds and can be prolonged; can be different from other complexes QRS: <.12 seconds Sinus Arrest/Pause - ANSWER - SA node doesn't fire - notice absence of P-wave for a complete cycle (a missed cycle) length of pause ≠ multiple of normal rate (block) Atrial Fibrillation (A-Fib) - ANSWER an irregular and often very fast heart rate originating from abnormal conduction in the atria Atrial Flutter - ANSWER irregular beating of the atria; often described as "a-flutter with 2 to 1 block or 3 to 1 block"