MSU PSY 235 Test 1 with Complete
Solutions
random assignment Correct Ans-distribution such that each person has an equal change of
being in any experimental condition
internal validity Correct Ans-extent to which an experiment allows confident statements
about the cause and effect
external validity Correct Ans-the extent to which the results of an experiment can be
generalized to other circumstances
laboratory experiments Correct Ans-direct manipulation of IV variables to observe effects on
the behavior of DV
advantage Correct Ans-allows cause-effect conclusions as well as allows control of
extraneous variables: this lab advantage or disadvantage?
disadvantage Correct Ans-artificial situations may not represent relevent events as they
naturally unfold: this lab advantage or disadvantage?
field experiments Correct Ans-involve the manipulation of IV using unknowing participants
in natural settings (ad: cause-effect conclusions, more natural responses; disad: even though
, participants don't know they're being observed it's still unusual and less control of extraneous
factors)
demand characteristics Correct Ans-cues that make subjects more aware of how the
experimenter expects them to behave
adaptive Correct Ans-operate as designed to aid in reproductive success
by-products Correct Ans-do not operate as designed and may not aid in reproductive success
natural selection Correct Ans-the process by which physicial and behavioral characteristics
change w/i a population across generations
adaptation Correct Ans-a characteristic or feature designed for survival and reproduction in a
particular environment
function Correct Ans-the purpose or activity for which a thing exists or is used
reproductive success Correct Ans-variation affects ability to survive and reproduce
social norm Correct Ans-a rule or expectation for appropriate social behavior
Solutions
random assignment Correct Ans-distribution such that each person has an equal change of
being in any experimental condition
internal validity Correct Ans-extent to which an experiment allows confident statements
about the cause and effect
external validity Correct Ans-the extent to which the results of an experiment can be
generalized to other circumstances
laboratory experiments Correct Ans-direct manipulation of IV variables to observe effects on
the behavior of DV
advantage Correct Ans-allows cause-effect conclusions as well as allows control of
extraneous variables: this lab advantage or disadvantage?
disadvantage Correct Ans-artificial situations may not represent relevent events as they
naturally unfold: this lab advantage or disadvantage?
field experiments Correct Ans-involve the manipulation of IV using unknowing participants
in natural settings (ad: cause-effect conclusions, more natural responses; disad: even though
, participants don't know they're being observed it's still unusual and less control of extraneous
factors)
demand characteristics Correct Ans-cues that make subjects more aware of how the
experimenter expects them to behave
adaptive Correct Ans-operate as designed to aid in reproductive success
by-products Correct Ans-do not operate as designed and may not aid in reproductive success
natural selection Correct Ans-the process by which physicial and behavioral characteristics
change w/i a population across generations
adaptation Correct Ans-a characteristic or feature designed for survival and reproduction in a
particular environment
function Correct Ans-the purpose or activity for which a thing exists or is used
reproductive success Correct Ans-variation affects ability to survive and reproduce
social norm Correct Ans-a rule or expectation for appropriate social behavior
