QMA Insulin Administration Exam Study Guide Questions and Answers

QMA Insulin Administration Exam Study Guide Questions and Answers endocrine system - the pancreas is a gland in what body system? insulin and glucagon - the pancreas secretes which two hormones? What is the normal fasting or a.c. blood sugar range? - 70-10 What is the purpose of Insulin? - to carry glucose from the bloodstream into the cells for use as energy and fuel. What is ketoacidosis? - when the body starts breaking down fat too quickly. the liver processes the fat into fuel called ketones, which cause the blood to become acidic What is diabetes mellitus? - a disease of hormone production and regulation originating in the pancreas that inhibits needed glucose that is used for energy What is another term for DM? - hyperglycemia What are the 7 signs of DM? - polydipsia, polyuria, polyphagia, blurred vision, unusual weight loss, extreme fatigue, irritability What are the 2 types of DM? - Type I and Type II( insulin resistant) How do type 1 and type II differ? - type I is usually diagnosed in childhood, type II is usually diagnosed in adulthood Page 2/9 Crafted for Academic Insight by ©KatelynWhitman 2025. All rights reserved. What are the 3 p's of hyperglycemia? - polyuria- frequent urination to get excess sugar out of the body, polydipsia- frequent thirst to make up for the fluid loss from polyuria, polyphagia- frequent hunger because the body is trying to get that extra sugar for energy. 8 signs of hyperglycemia - polydipsia, polyuria, polyphagia, unusual weight loss, blurred vision, fruity odor breath, extreme fatigue, irritability What can occur if blood sugar levels remain to low? - The endocrine system will release adrenaline. if it stays low for to long it could lead to seizures, coma, or death What are 10 signs of hypoglycemia? - jittery-anxious-irritable, sweating chills, skin pale cold clammy, confusion, tachycardia, dizziness, nausea, fatigue-weakness, blurred vision, headache What is the difference in onset of hyper and hypo? - hyperglycemia is gradual hypoglycemia is rapid What are the causes/results of hyperglycemia? - cause is infection, medication, stress, high food intake. result is high blood sugar, diabetic coma What are the causes/ results of hypoglycemia? - cause is nausea and vomiting, too much insulin, alcohol intake, low food intake result is low blood sugar, insulin reaction What must be available of the QMA to follow? - the physician's orders Why is the diabetic residents diet important in managing DM? - skipping or omitting meals can cause changes in blood sugar levels, for that reason meal consumption is important Page 3/9 Crafted for Academic Insight by ©KatelynWhitman 2025. All rights reserved. How does physical activity benefit the diabetic resident? - physical activity increases insulin sensitivity, improves glucose tolerance and promotes weight control What three ways do oral hypoglycemic medications help treat DM? - stimulate insulin secretion in the pancreas, decreases the amount of glucose released by the liver, delays the digestion of carbohydrates in the diet Why is insulin administered by injection? - because it is destroyed in the digestive tract Why is insulin called the key? - because it "unlocks" the c