ISCI 173 exam 2 || 100% CORRECT ANSWERS.
Similarities correct answers 1. membrane
2. DNA, both enclosed
3. aqueous cytoplasm
4. basically the same in chemical composition
(phospholipids play similar roles)
Differences correct answers 1. nucleus
2. organelles
3. size
4. complexity
what might be the advantage to specialized components in eukaryotic cell correct answers
efficiency
Organizes
-think about grocery store having similar items close to one another
adaptive advantages correct answers -molecules in chemical reactions do not need to diffuse
across long distances
-allows incompatible chemical reactions to be separated
-increases the efficiency of chemical reactions
Origins of Eukaryotes correct answers autogenic theory
endosymbiotic theory
autogenic theory correct answers infolding of the plasma membrane formed the
endomembrane system
-overtime got larger
endosymbiotic theory correct answers mitochandria and chloroplast were prokaryotes
engulfed and came to live with in larger cells
-both benifit
-traits get passed on
what backs these theories up correct answers 2 membranes
nucleus (outside is on inside)
similarities between bacteria and the chloroplast and mitochondria correct answers 1. size of
an organelles and prokaryotes
2. circular DNA found in mitochondria
3. membrane structures, ribosomes, and proteins
4. means of replication
enzymes correct answers a protein that speeds up chemical reactions with out changing
catalyze correct answers to promote
inhibitors correct answers disrupt binding
1. blocks active site
, 2. changing site shape
chloroplast correct answers light energy--->food energy
enoplasmic reticulum correct answers manufacturing site
ribosomes correct answers protein manufacture
golgi apparatus correct answers modifys and stores then ships
vesicle correct answers sac that stores and transports
vacuole correct answers storage sac
cytoplasm correct answers liquid region
plasma membrane correct answers regulates movement in and out
- FUNCTION regulate the passage of materials into and out of the cell and organelles
-semipereable
cell wall correct answers protective layer
SER correct answers smooth: produces products in cell--->lipids
RER correct answers rough: embedded with ribosomes protein manufacturing
semipermiable correct answers screen door
- outside out inside in certain things can come in though
-comprised largely of lipids and proteins
hydrophobic tail correct answers NO water
tails face other directions due to this
hydrophilic head correct answers water loving faces water
phospholipid correct answers hydrophilic head
hydrophobic tail
reactions with in holds things in place
pick and choses what can go in
fluid mosaic model correct answers a membrane is a fluid structure with proteins embedded
or attatched to a double layer of phospholipids
-membrane molecules are held in place by reactively weak hydrophobic interactions
(lucky charms)
2 types of transport across membrane correct answers 1. passive transport
2. active transport
passive transport correct answers requires no energy
-substances move along a concentration gradient from high to low
Similarities correct answers 1. membrane
2. DNA, both enclosed
3. aqueous cytoplasm
4. basically the same in chemical composition
(phospholipids play similar roles)
Differences correct answers 1. nucleus
2. organelles
3. size
4. complexity
what might be the advantage to specialized components in eukaryotic cell correct answers
efficiency
Organizes
-think about grocery store having similar items close to one another
adaptive advantages correct answers -molecules in chemical reactions do not need to diffuse
across long distances
-allows incompatible chemical reactions to be separated
-increases the efficiency of chemical reactions
Origins of Eukaryotes correct answers autogenic theory
endosymbiotic theory
autogenic theory correct answers infolding of the plasma membrane formed the
endomembrane system
-overtime got larger
endosymbiotic theory correct answers mitochandria and chloroplast were prokaryotes
engulfed and came to live with in larger cells
-both benifit
-traits get passed on
what backs these theories up correct answers 2 membranes
nucleus (outside is on inside)
similarities between bacteria and the chloroplast and mitochondria correct answers 1. size of
an organelles and prokaryotes
2. circular DNA found in mitochondria
3. membrane structures, ribosomes, and proteins
4. means of replication
enzymes correct answers a protein that speeds up chemical reactions with out changing
catalyze correct answers to promote
inhibitors correct answers disrupt binding
1. blocks active site
, 2. changing site shape
chloroplast correct answers light energy--->food energy
enoplasmic reticulum correct answers manufacturing site
ribosomes correct answers protein manufacture
golgi apparatus correct answers modifys and stores then ships
vesicle correct answers sac that stores and transports
vacuole correct answers storage sac
cytoplasm correct answers liquid region
plasma membrane correct answers regulates movement in and out
- FUNCTION regulate the passage of materials into and out of the cell and organelles
-semipereable
cell wall correct answers protective layer
SER correct answers smooth: produces products in cell--->lipids
RER correct answers rough: embedded with ribosomes protein manufacturing
semipermiable correct answers screen door
- outside out inside in certain things can come in though
-comprised largely of lipids and proteins
hydrophobic tail correct answers NO water
tails face other directions due to this
hydrophilic head correct answers water loving faces water
phospholipid correct answers hydrophilic head
hydrophobic tail
reactions with in holds things in place
pick and choses what can go in
fluid mosaic model correct answers a membrane is a fluid structure with proteins embedded
or attatched to a double layer of phospholipids
-membrane molecules are held in place by reactively weak hydrophobic interactions
(lucky charms)
2 types of transport across membrane correct answers 1. passive transport
2. active transport
passive transport correct answers requires no energy
-substances move along a concentration gradient from high to low
