9th Grade Spanish Study Guide
This study guide will help you master the key concepts and vocabulary for your 9th-grade
Spanish class. It covers grammar, verb conjugations, vocabulary, and cultural topics. Use this
guide to help you prepare for quizzes, tests, and assignments!
1. Basic Vocabulary and Phrases
● Greetings and Introductions:
○ Hola – Hello
○ Buenos días – Good morning
○ Buenas tardes – Good afternoon
○ Buenas noches – Good evening / Good night
○ ¿Cómo estás? – How are you?
○ Estoy bien/mal – I am good/bad.
○ ¿Qué tal? – How’s it going?
○ Mucho gusto – Nice to meet you.
● Common Questions:
○ ¿Qué hora es? – What time is it?
○ ¿De dónde eres? – Where are you from?
○ ¿Qué te gusta hacer? – What do you like to do?
○ ¿Cuántos años tienes? – How old are you?
● Polite Phrases:
○ Por favor – Please
○ Gracias – Thank you
○ De nada – You’re welcome
○ Perdón/disculpa – Excuse me / Sorry
○ Lo siento – I’m sorry
2. Numbers
● 0-10:
○ Cero (0), Uno (1), Dos (2), Tres (3), Cuatro (4), Cinco (5), Seis (6), Siete (7),
Ocho (8), Nueve (9), Diez (10)
● 11-20:
○ Once (11), Doce (12), Trece (13), Catorce (14), Quince (15), Dieciséis (16),
Diecisiete (17), Dieciocho (18), Diecinueve (19), Veinte (20)
● 30-100:
○ Treinta (30), Cuarenta (40), Cincuenta (50), Sesenta (60), Setenta (70),
Ochenta (80), Noventa (90), Cien (100)
, ● Hundreds and Thousands:
○ Ciento (100-199), Mil (1,000), Millón (1,000,000)
3. Verb Conjugation
Present Tense Conjugation:
In Spanish, verbs are classified into three categories based on their endings: -ar, -er, and -ir.
Here’s how to conjugate regular verbs in the present tense.
● -ar Verbs (e.g., hablar):
○ Yo hablo – I speak
○ Tú hablas – You speak (informal)
○ Él/ella/usted habla – He/She/You (formal) speak
○ Nosotros/as hablamos – We speak
○ Vosotros/as habláis – You all speak (informal, used mainly in Spain)
○ Ellos/ellas/ustedes hablan – They/You all speak
● -er Verbs (e.g., comer):
○ Yo como – I eat
○ Tú comes – You eat (informal)
○ Él/ella/usted come – He/She/You (formal) eat
○ Nosotros/as comemos – We eat
○ Vosotros/as coméis – You all eat (informal, used mainly in Spain)
○ Ellos/ellas/ustedes comen – They/You all eat
● -ir Verbs (e.g., vivir):
○ Yo vivo – I live
○ Tú vives – You live (informal)
○ Él/ella/usted vive – He/She/You (formal) live
○ Nosotros/as vivimos – We live
○ Vosotros/as vivís – You all live (informal, used mainly in Spain)
○ Ellos/ellas/ustedes viven – They/You all live
4. Ser vs. Estar
Both ser and estar mean "to be" in Spanish, but they are used in different contexts.
● Ser (used for permanent or characteristic qualities):
○ Yo soy estudiante – I am a student.
○ Ella es alta – She is tall.
○ Nosotros somos amigos – We are friends.
● Estar (used for temporary states or locations):
This study guide will help you master the key concepts and vocabulary for your 9th-grade
Spanish class. It covers grammar, verb conjugations, vocabulary, and cultural topics. Use this
guide to help you prepare for quizzes, tests, and assignments!
1. Basic Vocabulary and Phrases
● Greetings and Introductions:
○ Hola – Hello
○ Buenos días – Good morning
○ Buenas tardes – Good afternoon
○ Buenas noches – Good evening / Good night
○ ¿Cómo estás? – How are you?
○ Estoy bien/mal – I am good/bad.
○ ¿Qué tal? – How’s it going?
○ Mucho gusto – Nice to meet you.
● Common Questions:
○ ¿Qué hora es? – What time is it?
○ ¿De dónde eres? – Where are you from?
○ ¿Qué te gusta hacer? – What do you like to do?
○ ¿Cuántos años tienes? – How old are you?
● Polite Phrases:
○ Por favor – Please
○ Gracias – Thank you
○ De nada – You’re welcome
○ Perdón/disculpa – Excuse me / Sorry
○ Lo siento – I’m sorry
2. Numbers
● 0-10:
○ Cero (0), Uno (1), Dos (2), Tres (3), Cuatro (4), Cinco (5), Seis (6), Siete (7),
Ocho (8), Nueve (9), Diez (10)
● 11-20:
○ Once (11), Doce (12), Trece (13), Catorce (14), Quince (15), Dieciséis (16),
Diecisiete (17), Dieciocho (18), Diecinueve (19), Veinte (20)
● 30-100:
○ Treinta (30), Cuarenta (40), Cincuenta (50), Sesenta (60), Setenta (70),
Ochenta (80), Noventa (90), Cien (100)
, ● Hundreds and Thousands:
○ Ciento (100-199), Mil (1,000), Millón (1,000,000)
3. Verb Conjugation
Present Tense Conjugation:
In Spanish, verbs are classified into three categories based on their endings: -ar, -er, and -ir.
Here’s how to conjugate regular verbs in the present tense.
● -ar Verbs (e.g., hablar):
○ Yo hablo – I speak
○ Tú hablas – You speak (informal)
○ Él/ella/usted habla – He/She/You (formal) speak
○ Nosotros/as hablamos – We speak
○ Vosotros/as habláis – You all speak (informal, used mainly in Spain)
○ Ellos/ellas/ustedes hablan – They/You all speak
● -er Verbs (e.g., comer):
○ Yo como – I eat
○ Tú comes – You eat (informal)
○ Él/ella/usted come – He/She/You (formal) eat
○ Nosotros/as comemos – We eat
○ Vosotros/as coméis – You all eat (informal, used mainly in Spain)
○ Ellos/ellas/ustedes comen – They/You all eat
● -ir Verbs (e.g., vivir):
○ Yo vivo – I live
○ Tú vives – You live (informal)
○ Él/ella/usted vive – He/She/You (formal) live
○ Nosotros/as vivimos – We live
○ Vosotros/as vivís – You all live (informal, used mainly in Spain)
○ Ellos/ellas/ustedes viven – They/You all live
4. Ser vs. Estar
Both ser and estar mean "to be" in Spanish, but they are used in different contexts.
● Ser (used for permanent or characteristic qualities):
○ Yo soy estudiante – I am a student.
○ Ella es alta – She is tall.
○ Nosotros somos amigos – We are friends.
● Estar (used for temporary states or locations):
