HSES 330- Test 1 With Verified
Solutions
What's the difference between an essential and non-essential nutrient? - Answer
*Essential*; must come from external source (diet or multivitamin) as body can't make
on it's own
*Non-essential*: body can take a nutrient from food and make a different nutrient that's
needed
What are the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI's)? - Answer There are daily intake
recommendations for all essential nutrients, however not meeting those
recommendations every day will not result in immediate health problems.
----Must be below recommendations for a long period:
-->Generally from months to even years for some nutrients
-->Taking a multivitamin can prevent, however food sources are preferred
There are also upper limit recommendations to prevent toxicity issues
What are the 6 classes of nutrients? - Answer 1. Carbohydrate
2. Fat
3. Protein
4. Vitamins
5. Minerals
6. Water
Chris Farley Played Violin Mighty Well
Carbohydrates are composed of what 3 main things? - Answer Carbon, hydrogen and
oxygen
Carbo-hydrates --- duh...carbon and water (H2O)
What is the main function of carbohydrates? - Answer provide a major source of fuel for
the;
-the central nervous system
-muscles during exercise, especially high intensities
,Carbohydrates are classified as either ____ or _____. - Answer simple or complex
Carbohydrates contain __ calories per gram. - Answer 4
Lipids are composed of what 3 main things? - Answer C, H and a few O
_____ is the major form of lipid. - Answer Triglyceride
What are the 4 types of lipids/fatty acids? - Answer 1) Saturated fats
2) Trans fats
3) Monounsaturated fats
4) Polyunsaturated fats (only type that is essential)
Lipids contain ___ calories per gram. - Answer 9
Proteins are composed of what 4 main things? - Answer C, H, O and *Nitrogen*
Proteins make up ____, ____, ___ ____, and can be used for ____. - Answer bones,
muscles, other tissues, energy
The basic unit of protein is ____ ____. What are the 2 types of this basic unit? - Answer
amino acid
(9) essential amino acids
(11) nonessential amino acids
Proteins contain ___ calories per gram. - Answer 4
Vitamins are composed of various _____, needed in ____ amounts, and contain ___
calories. - Answer elements ; tiny ; no
Vitamins are vital to life, and participate in ______ pathways. - Answer metabolic
A total of ___ vitamins are essential. What are the two main types of vitamins? - Answer
13
fat soluble (total of 4)
and water soluble (total of 9)
Minerals contribute to body _____ and _____ as well as _____ roles. - Answer growth ;
development ; metabolic
There are a total of ___ minerals. What are the two main kinds of minerals? - Answer 16
trace minerals
major minerals
, trace minerals v.
major minerals - Answer trace minerals (less than 100 mg)
major minerals(greater than 100 mg)
Water is a ____, _____, _____ for transport, ______ processes, and ______ regulator. -
Answer solvent ; lubricant ; medium ; chemical ; temperature
Water makes up ____ of our body, and yields ___ calories. - Answer 60%
no
Of the 6 classes of nutrients, which are grouped as macronutrients and which are
micronutrients? - Answer *Macronutrients (have calories)*
1. Carbohydrate
2. Fat
3. Protein
*Micronutrients (no calories)*
4. Vitamins
5. Minerals
6. Water
What are functional foods? - Answer Substances (chemicals), in addition to the vitamins
and minerals in food that provide significant health benefits
"vitamin like", however, not considered essential
________: substances specific to plants
_______: specific to animals - Answer Phytochemicals
Zoochemicals
Which chronic diseases does obesity increase the chances of acquiring? - Answer -High
total cholesterol or high levels of triglycerides which can lead to coronary heart disease
and heart attacks
-Type 2 diabetes
-Cancers (endometrial, breast, and colon)
-Hypertension (high blood pressure), which can lead to a stroke
-Sleep apnea and breathing problems
Solutions
What's the difference between an essential and non-essential nutrient? - Answer
*Essential*; must come from external source (diet or multivitamin) as body can't make
on it's own
*Non-essential*: body can take a nutrient from food and make a different nutrient that's
needed
What are the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI's)? - Answer There are daily intake
recommendations for all essential nutrients, however not meeting those
recommendations every day will not result in immediate health problems.
----Must be below recommendations for a long period:
-->Generally from months to even years for some nutrients
-->Taking a multivitamin can prevent, however food sources are preferred
There are also upper limit recommendations to prevent toxicity issues
What are the 6 classes of nutrients? - Answer 1. Carbohydrate
2. Fat
3. Protein
4. Vitamins
5. Minerals
6. Water
Chris Farley Played Violin Mighty Well
Carbohydrates are composed of what 3 main things? - Answer Carbon, hydrogen and
oxygen
Carbo-hydrates --- duh...carbon and water (H2O)
What is the main function of carbohydrates? - Answer provide a major source of fuel for
the;
-the central nervous system
-muscles during exercise, especially high intensities
,Carbohydrates are classified as either ____ or _____. - Answer simple or complex
Carbohydrates contain __ calories per gram. - Answer 4
Lipids are composed of what 3 main things? - Answer C, H and a few O
_____ is the major form of lipid. - Answer Triglyceride
What are the 4 types of lipids/fatty acids? - Answer 1) Saturated fats
2) Trans fats
3) Monounsaturated fats
4) Polyunsaturated fats (only type that is essential)
Lipids contain ___ calories per gram. - Answer 9
Proteins are composed of what 4 main things? - Answer C, H, O and *Nitrogen*
Proteins make up ____, ____, ___ ____, and can be used for ____. - Answer bones,
muscles, other tissues, energy
The basic unit of protein is ____ ____. What are the 2 types of this basic unit? - Answer
amino acid
(9) essential amino acids
(11) nonessential amino acids
Proteins contain ___ calories per gram. - Answer 4
Vitamins are composed of various _____, needed in ____ amounts, and contain ___
calories. - Answer elements ; tiny ; no
Vitamins are vital to life, and participate in ______ pathways. - Answer metabolic
A total of ___ vitamins are essential. What are the two main types of vitamins? - Answer
13
fat soluble (total of 4)
and water soluble (total of 9)
Minerals contribute to body _____ and _____ as well as _____ roles. - Answer growth ;
development ; metabolic
There are a total of ___ minerals. What are the two main kinds of minerals? - Answer 16
trace minerals
major minerals
, trace minerals v.
major minerals - Answer trace minerals (less than 100 mg)
major minerals(greater than 100 mg)
Water is a ____, _____, _____ for transport, ______ processes, and ______ regulator. -
Answer solvent ; lubricant ; medium ; chemical ; temperature
Water makes up ____ of our body, and yields ___ calories. - Answer 60%
no
Of the 6 classes of nutrients, which are grouped as macronutrients and which are
micronutrients? - Answer *Macronutrients (have calories)*
1. Carbohydrate
2. Fat
3. Protein
*Micronutrients (no calories)*
4. Vitamins
5. Minerals
6. Water
What are functional foods? - Answer Substances (chemicals), in addition to the vitamins
and minerals in food that provide significant health benefits
"vitamin like", however, not considered essential
________: substances specific to plants
_______: specific to animals - Answer Phytochemicals
Zoochemicals
Which chronic diseases does obesity increase the chances of acquiring? - Answer -High
total cholesterol or high levels of triglycerides which can lead to coronary heart disease
and heart attacks
-Type 2 diabetes
-Cancers (endometrial, breast, and colon)
-Hypertension (high blood pressure), which can lead to a stroke
-Sleep apnea and breathing problems
