Glph 271 - term test 3 questions with
complete solutions
- Non-communicable (chronic) diseases account for _____ of deaths globally - correct answer ✔✔70%
Disease prevention: - correct answer ✔✔aims to minimize the incidence or effects of disease
4 stages of prevention: - correct answer ✔✔1) Stage 1: Primordial Prevention
o Aims to prevent the development of risk factors by targeting the underlying environmental and social
conditions that might promote them
2) Stage 2: Primary Prevention
o Identification and modification of risk factors (risk reduction) to prevent onset of disease
3) Stage 3: Secondary Prevention
o Early detection and treatment of disease before symptoms appear
4) Stage 4: Tertiary Prevention
o Treatment of disease to stop its progression and control its negative consequences
Primordial prevention: - correct answer ✔✔targets the underlying health determinants by modifying
social policies to improve the health of a population (ex: safe sidewalks and public outdoor spaces,
economic reforms, prenatal nutrition programs, outlawing alcohol)
Primary prevention: - correct answer ✔✔- targets susceptible individuals and attempts to prevent
disease development
o Targets exposures and risk factors for specific diseases and ways to increase immunity (ex: vaccines)
Secondary prevention: - correct answer ✔✔involves early detection and treatment of disease (ex:
regular mammograms, regular pap smears)
, Tertiary prevention - correct answer ✔✔disease has developed and is in its clinical phase, strategies to
reduce the impact of the disease on the patient's function, survival, quality of life (ex: cardiac
rehabilitation)
prevention scale - correct answer ✔✔
Health promotion - correct answer ✔✔- helps individuals increase their control over their health, by
promoting skill development and health habits
o Comprehensive approach to helping people obtain their maximum achievable health status
2 main approaches to effective health promotion - correct answer ✔✔1) Identification Risk:
identification of individuals susceptible to a risk factor and intervening to reduce the development of
that risk (ex: preventing likelihood of children smoking by advising parents to quit and providing
cessation programs)
2) Reduce Average Risk: reducing the average risk level for the whole population, can be accomplished
thru legislative and/or public policy changes (ex: mandate companies to display nutritional facts on all
food products)
The Ottawa Charter of Health Promotion - correct answer ✔✔- the first international conference on
health promotion occurred in ottawa in 1986 where the the Ottawa Charter of Health Promotion was
developed, which called for actions to facilitate health promotion and highlighted advocacy thru all
stages of health promotion;
o Build healthy public policy
o Create supportive environments
o Strengthen community actions
o Develop personal skills
o Reorient health services
3 categories of risk factors: - correct answer ✔✔1) Environmental factors: occupation, housing/living
conditions, school, work
2) Social factors: education, family, SES, war/conflict, culture, race/racism
3) Other factors: internal/external factors that affect health, healthy/unhealthy behaviours, availability of
health services
complete solutions
- Non-communicable (chronic) diseases account for _____ of deaths globally - correct answer ✔✔70%
Disease prevention: - correct answer ✔✔aims to minimize the incidence or effects of disease
4 stages of prevention: - correct answer ✔✔1) Stage 1: Primordial Prevention
o Aims to prevent the development of risk factors by targeting the underlying environmental and social
conditions that might promote them
2) Stage 2: Primary Prevention
o Identification and modification of risk factors (risk reduction) to prevent onset of disease
3) Stage 3: Secondary Prevention
o Early detection and treatment of disease before symptoms appear
4) Stage 4: Tertiary Prevention
o Treatment of disease to stop its progression and control its negative consequences
Primordial prevention: - correct answer ✔✔targets the underlying health determinants by modifying
social policies to improve the health of a population (ex: safe sidewalks and public outdoor spaces,
economic reforms, prenatal nutrition programs, outlawing alcohol)
Primary prevention: - correct answer ✔✔- targets susceptible individuals and attempts to prevent
disease development
o Targets exposures and risk factors for specific diseases and ways to increase immunity (ex: vaccines)
Secondary prevention: - correct answer ✔✔involves early detection and treatment of disease (ex:
regular mammograms, regular pap smears)
, Tertiary prevention - correct answer ✔✔disease has developed and is in its clinical phase, strategies to
reduce the impact of the disease on the patient's function, survival, quality of life (ex: cardiac
rehabilitation)
prevention scale - correct answer ✔✔
Health promotion - correct answer ✔✔- helps individuals increase their control over their health, by
promoting skill development and health habits
o Comprehensive approach to helping people obtain their maximum achievable health status
2 main approaches to effective health promotion - correct answer ✔✔1) Identification Risk:
identification of individuals susceptible to a risk factor and intervening to reduce the development of
that risk (ex: preventing likelihood of children smoking by advising parents to quit and providing
cessation programs)
2) Reduce Average Risk: reducing the average risk level for the whole population, can be accomplished
thru legislative and/or public policy changes (ex: mandate companies to display nutritional facts on all
food products)
The Ottawa Charter of Health Promotion - correct answer ✔✔- the first international conference on
health promotion occurred in ottawa in 1986 where the the Ottawa Charter of Health Promotion was
developed, which called for actions to facilitate health promotion and highlighted advocacy thru all
stages of health promotion;
o Build healthy public policy
o Create supportive environments
o Strengthen community actions
o Develop personal skills
o Reorient health services
3 categories of risk factors: - correct answer ✔✔1) Environmental factors: occupation, housing/living
conditions, school, work
2) Social factors: education, family, SES, war/conflict, culture, race/racism
3) Other factors: internal/external factors that affect health, healthy/unhealthy behaviours, availability of
health services
