STS 402 Vocabulary Terms Test Questions Answered Correctly!! ( Graded A+)
David Galula - Answers French captain who fought in Algeria from 1956 to 1958. He returned to Paris to
analyze the Algerian campaign and he produced a critique of the strategy followed in the war. His work
inspired the development of counter-insurgency doctrine in the US military.
Blind Terrorism - Answers Tactic used by the FLN. It included indiscriminate attacks against French
outposts, which involved bombing, sabotage, and random assassination.
pangas - Answers a heavy-bladed machete used in agricultural work. It was the weapon favored by
people who took the Mau Mau oath.
Habib Akdas - Answers Also known as Abu Anas al Turki, the founder of al Qaeda in Turkey. Akdas left
Turkey to fight in Iraq after the American Invasion. He was killed in a US air strike in 2004.
Abdullah Ocalan - Answers the leader of the PKK. Ocalan was captured in 1999 and sentenced to death,
but his sentence was commuted. He ordered the end of a suicide bombing campaign while in Turkish
custody and called for peace between Turkey and the Kurds in 2006.
Uighar nationalists - Answers China's ethnic Turkmen. Some Uighar nationalists organized to receive an
eighteenth-century Islamic state in China's Xinjiang province. Using Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan as a base,
they operate in China.
Golden Temple - Answers the most sacred shrine of Sikhism. Its official name is the Temple of God.
Salafism - Answers tradition of orthodox Muslims who follow the Prophet and the early elders of the
faith. Militants are willing to use violence to enforce Islamic law and confront other faith traditions.
Yusufiya - Answers followers of the Nigerian Mohammed Yusuf. He ordered them to violently reject all
ideas not contained in a strict, intolerant interpretation of Islam.
Islamic Courts Union - Answers a confederation of tribes and clans that sought to end violence and bring
Islamic law to Somalia. It was opposed by several neighboring countries and internal warlords but
brought order to Mogadishu in mid-2006. It retreated after the Ethiopian invasion of Somalia and
eventually dissolved.
Transitional Federal Government - Answers a group established to govern Somalia in 2004 that
nominally remained in power until 2012. It was backed by the United Nations, with American support,
and the African Union
African Union - Answers an organization of 54 African states to promote peace, security, and economic
development. Combined AU military forces are sometimes deployed in troubled areas of Africa and
employed as peacekeepers.
Muslim Brotherhood - Answers An organization founded by Hassan al Banna in 1928 to recapture the
spirit and religious purity of the period of Mohammed and the four Rightly Guided caliphs. The
, Brotherhood seeks to create a single Muslim nation through education and religious reform. A militant
wing founded by Sayyid Qutb sought the same objective through violence. Hamas, a group that defines
itself as the Palestinian branch of the Muslim Brotherhood, has rejected the multinational approach in
favor of creating a Muslim Palestine.
Mohammed ibn Abdul Wahhab - Answers Also known as Abdul Wahhab. A religious reformer who
wanted to purge Islam of anything beyond the traditions accepted by Mohammed and the four Rightly
Guided caliphs. He conducted campaigns against Sufis, Shi'ites, and Muslims who made pilgrimages or
who invoked the names of saints.
Sayyid Qutb - Answers An Egyptian educator who called for the overthrow of non-Islamic governments
and the imposition of purified Islamic law based on the principles of previous puritanical reformers.
Qutb formed a militant wing of the Muslim Brotherhood.
Abu Mohammed al Maqdisi - Answers A Palestinian scholar now living in Jordan. Maqdisi is one of the
most influential Jihadi Salafist scholars in the world today. Jailed and investigated many times, Maqdisi
has influenced many jihadists.
Abu Basir al Tartusi - Answers A Syrian jihadist scholar who fled Syria and began preahing and writing
from East London in the 1980s. He has denounced many acts of terrorism, but supports Jihadi Salafist
ideology. Tartusi has been spotted with an armed group in Syria and supports Europeans who fight the
Syrian government.
Taqi al Din ibn Taymiyyah - Answers AKA ibn Taymiyyah; a Muslim religious reformer in the time of the
Crusdaes and a massive Mongol invasion.
Inter-Service Intelligence (ISI) - Answers The Pakistani domestic and foreign intelligence agency, created
by the British in 1948. Supporters claim that in centralizes Pakistan's intelligence. Critics maintain that it
operates like an independent state and supports terrorist groups.
9/11 Commission - Answers The national bipartisan Commission on Terrorist Attacks upon the United
States, created after 9/11/2001 to investigate the attacks.
Abdullah Azzam - Answers The Palestinian leader of Hizb ul Tahrir and the spiritual mentor of bin Laden.
Sayyid Imam al Sharif - Answers Also known as Dr. Fadl, one of Egypt's leading militants in the 1970s.
While jailed, he embraced Islam and renounced the violence of al Qaeda-style militancy. He is viewed as
a traitor by violent jihadists. He has provided much of the information we have about religious militancy
and he continues to publish works denouncing it. While maintaining his anti-Western and
antigovenment views, he sees jihad as a necessary part of Islam. Al Qaeda's version, he claims, violates
the morality of Islamic law.
Desert Shield - Answers The name of the defensive phase of the international coalition created by
President HW Bush after Iraq invaded Kuwait on August 2, 1990. Its aim was to stop further Iraqi attacks
David Galula - Answers French captain who fought in Algeria from 1956 to 1958. He returned to Paris to
analyze the Algerian campaign and he produced a critique of the strategy followed in the war. His work
inspired the development of counter-insurgency doctrine in the US military.
Blind Terrorism - Answers Tactic used by the FLN. It included indiscriminate attacks against French
outposts, which involved bombing, sabotage, and random assassination.
pangas - Answers a heavy-bladed machete used in agricultural work. It was the weapon favored by
people who took the Mau Mau oath.
Habib Akdas - Answers Also known as Abu Anas al Turki, the founder of al Qaeda in Turkey. Akdas left
Turkey to fight in Iraq after the American Invasion. He was killed in a US air strike in 2004.
Abdullah Ocalan - Answers the leader of the PKK. Ocalan was captured in 1999 and sentenced to death,
but his sentence was commuted. He ordered the end of a suicide bombing campaign while in Turkish
custody and called for peace between Turkey and the Kurds in 2006.
Uighar nationalists - Answers China's ethnic Turkmen. Some Uighar nationalists organized to receive an
eighteenth-century Islamic state in China's Xinjiang province. Using Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan as a base,
they operate in China.
Golden Temple - Answers the most sacred shrine of Sikhism. Its official name is the Temple of God.
Salafism - Answers tradition of orthodox Muslims who follow the Prophet and the early elders of the
faith. Militants are willing to use violence to enforce Islamic law and confront other faith traditions.
Yusufiya - Answers followers of the Nigerian Mohammed Yusuf. He ordered them to violently reject all
ideas not contained in a strict, intolerant interpretation of Islam.
Islamic Courts Union - Answers a confederation of tribes and clans that sought to end violence and bring
Islamic law to Somalia. It was opposed by several neighboring countries and internal warlords but
brought order to Mogadishu in mid-2006. It retreated after the Ethiopian invasion of Somalia and
eventually dissolved.
Transitional Federal Government - Answers a group established to govern Somalia in 2004 that
nominally remained in power until 2012. It was backed by the United Nations, with American support,
and the African Union
African Union - Answers an organization of 54 African states to promote peace, security, and economic
development. Combined AU military forces are sometimes deployed in troubled areas of Africa and
employed as peacekeepers.
Muslim Brotherhood - Answers An organization founded by Hassan al Banna in 1928 to recapture the
spirit and religious purity of the period of Mohammed and the four Rightly Guided caliphs. The
, Brotherhood seeks to create a single Muslim nation through education and religious reform. A militant
wing founded by Sayyid Qutb sought the same objective through violence. Hamas, a group that defines
itself as the Palestinian branch of the Muslim Brotherhood, has rejected the multinational approach in
favor of creating a Muslim Palestine.
Mohammed ibn Abdul Wahhab - Answers Also known as Abdul Wahhab. A religious reformer who
wanted to purge Islam of anything beyond the traditions accepted by Mohammed and the four Rightly
Guided caliphs. He conducted campaigns against Sufis, Shi'ites, and Muslims who made pilgrimages or
who invoked the names of saints.
Sayyid Qutb - Answers An Egyptian educator who called for the overthrow of non-Islamic governments
and the imposition of purified Islamic law based on the principles of previous puritanical reformers.
Qutb formed a militant wing of the Muslim Brotherhood.
Abu Mohammed al Maqdisi - Answers A Palestinian scholar now living in Jordan. Maqdisi is one of the
most influential Jihadi Salafist scholars in the world today. Jailed and investigated many times, Maqdisi
has influenced many jihadists.
Abu Basir al Tartusi - Answers A Syrian jihadist scholar who fled Syria and began preahing and writing
from East London in the 1980s. He has denounced many acts of terrorism, but supports Jihadi Salafist
ideology. Tartusi has been spotted with an armed group in Syria and supports Europeans who fight the
Syrian government.
Taqi al Din ibn Taymiyyah - Answers AKA ibn Taymiyyah; a Muslim religious reformer in the time of the
Crusdaes and a massive Mongol invasion.
Inter-Service Intelligence (ISI) - Answers The Pakistani domestic and foreign intelligence agency, created
by the British in 1948. Supporters claim that in centralizes Pakistan's intelligence. Critics maintain that it
operates like an independent state and supports terrorist groups.
9/11 Commission - Answers The national bipartisan Commission on Terrorist Attacks upon the United
States, created after 9/11/2001 to investigate the attacks.
Abdullah Azzam - Answers The Palestinian leader of Hizb ul Tahrir and the spiritual mentor of bin Laden.
Sayyid Imam al Sharif - Answers Also known as Dr. Fadl, one of Egypt's leading militants in the 1970s.
While jailed, he embraced Islam and renounced the violence of al Qaeda-style militancy. He is viewed as
a traitor by violent jihadists. He has provided much of the information we have about religious militancy
and he continues to publish works denouncing it. While maintaining his anti-Western and
antigovenment views, he sees jihad as a necessary part of Islam. Al Qaeda's version, he claims, violates
the morality of Islamic law.
Desert Shield - Answers The name of the defensive phase of the international coalition created by
President HW Bush after Iraq invaded Kuwait on August 2, 1990. Its aim was to stop further Iraqi attacks
