FNP LEIK 2024/2025 Test Exam Review
Questions with all Answers verified for
accuracy
Weight in infants: - correct answer Doubles birth weight by
6 months. Triples by 12 months
Pitting on fingernails of 6 year old child: - correct answer
Fingernail pitting is correlated with psoriasis. Psoriasis can
cause pitting on all finger and toenails, along with thickening and
an irregular shape of the nail.
5 year old milestone: - correct answer By 5 years of age, a
child can draw a stick person with six body parts, can copy a
triangle, can print some letters and numbers, and can count to
10 or more.
Which is NOT a benign physiological variant:
1. Internal tibial torsion
2. Supernumerary nipples
3/ Split Uvula
4. Cheilosis - correct answer Cheilosis
Cheilosis or angular cheilosis (perleche) is an acute or chronic
inflammation of the lip mucosa and adjacent skin due to
excessive moisture and/or salivation. The corners of the mouth
are macerated with fissures and painful reddened skin. Risk
,factors are dentures, poor oral hygiene, drooling, dry mouth
(sicca symptoms), oral fungal infection, immunodeficiency, and
vitamin deficiency.
Which is NOT considered instrumental activities of daily living: -
correct answer Grooming and hygiene
Grooming and hygiene are classified as basic activities of daily
living (ADL). Grocery shopping, paying bills, using telephones,
and driving a car are all instrumental activities of daily living
(IADL).
Caloric content of infant formula and breast milk - correct
answer 20 kcal/30 ml
What does KOH help to diagnose? - correct answer The
potassium hydroxide (KOH) prep test is performed to evaluate
for tinea or candida (yeast) infection of the skin. In vaginal
discharge, the yeast organism is outside the skin cells, so KOH is
not needed to visualize it. But for skin cells, yeast is not visible
unless the skin cell walls are destroyed by KOH. The test involves
placing a sample of skin on a glass slide, with one to two drops of
KOH (causes lysis of skin cells) and a coverslip on top. If done
correctly, you can visualize the budding spores and
pseudohyphae.
According to USPTF, what test to screen for lung cancer? -
correct answer Low dose CT
,The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommends annual
screening for lung cancer with low-dose computed tomography
in adults aged 55 to 80 years who have a 30-pack-year smoking
history and currently smoke (or quit within the past 15 years).
Discontinue screening once a person has not smoked for 15
years or develops a health problem that substantially limits life
expectancy or willingness to have curative lung surgery.
All of the following children are within the parameters of normal
growth and development for their age group except:
1. 2 month old who coos and smiles
2. 14 month who understands complex commands
3. 20 month who can walk without support
4. 3 yo who can speak in 3-4 word sentences - correct answer
2.
A 14-month-old child should developmentally be able to say
"mama" and "dada," know his own name, and know at least two
to four words. A 2-year-old is able to understand simple
commands.
Most common cause of infertility among women in US: -
correct answer Ovulation disorders are the top cause of
female infertility (25%). Affected women may have no ovulation
(anovulation) or infrequent ovulation that results in
oligomenorrhea (i.e., polycystic ovarian syndrome [PCOS]). The
second cause is endometriosis (15%). About 10% of women in the
United States (ages 15-44 years) have difficulty getting pregnant
(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2009). PCOS is one
of the most common causes of female infertility. Infertility in men
, is often caused by a varicocele (heats up the testes) and
abnormal and/or low sperm count.
At what Tanner stage does puberty start? - correct answer
Tannger stage II
Best method to diagnose vaginal trichomonas? - correct
answer The best method of diagnosing vaginal trichomonas
infection in primary care is by wet smear with microscopy.
Trichomonas is a protozoan; it is a unicellular organism with
flagella. Place a small amount of vaginal discharge on a glass
slide, add a few drops of normal saline, and place the cover slip
on top. Do not use potassium hydroxide (KOH) as it will rupture
the organisms. Trichomonas can be visualized by microscopy.
What is not common in the third trimester? - correct answer
The bluish discoloration of the cervix and vagina, known as
Chadwick's sign, is caused by increased blood flow. It is seen
between 6 and 8 weeks after conception along with Hegar's sign,
which is softening of the uterine isthmus (lower uterine
segment). Chadwick's sign is considered one of the probable
signs of pregnancy. The S3 heart sound, mild edema of ankles
and hands, and increase in urinary frequency are seen in the
third trimester, along with low-back pain, striae, and shortness of
breath.
Best method to diagnose Candida albicans in primary care -
correct answer Wet smear
The wet smear or wet prep is best used to diagnose Candida
albicansinfection of the vagina (candidiasis) in the primary care
Questions with all Answers verified for
accuracy
Weight in infants: - correct answer Doubles birth weight by
6 months. Triples by 12 months
Pitting on fingernails of 6 year old child: - correct answer
Fingernail pitting is correlated with psoriasis. Psoriasis can
cause pitting on all finger and toenails, along with thickening and
an irregular shape of the nail.
5 year old milestone: - correct answer By 5 years of age, a
child can draw a stick person with six body parts, can copy a
triangle, can print some letters and numbers, and can count to
10 or more.
Which is NOT a benign physiological variant:
1. Internal tibial torsion
2. Supernumerary nipples
3/ Split Uvula
4. Cheilosis - correct answer Cheilosis
Cheilosis or angular cheilosis (perleche) is an acute or chronic
inflammation of the lip mucosa and adjacent skin due to
excessive moisture and/or salivation. The corners of the mouth
are macerated with fissures and painful reddened skin. Risk
,factors are dentures, poor oral hygiene, drooling, dry mouth
(sicca symptoms), oral fungal infection, immunodeficiency, and
vitamin deficiency.
Which is NOT considered instrumental activities of daily living: -
correct answer Grooming and hygiene
Grooming and hygiene are classified as basic activities of daily
living (ADL). Grocery shopping, paying bills, using telephones,
and driving a car are all instrumental activities of daily living
(IADL).
Caloric content of infant formula and breast milk - correct
answer 20 kcal/30 ml
What does KOH help to diagnose? - correct answer The
potassium hydroxide (KOH) prep test is performed to evaluate
for tinea or candida (yeast) infection of the skin. In vaginal
discharge, the yeast organism is outside the skin cells, so KOH is
not needed to visualize it. But for skin cells, yeast is not visible
unless the skin cell walls are destroyed by KOH. The test involves
placing a sample of skin on a glass slide, with one to two drops of
KOH (causes lysis of skin cells) and a coverslip on top. If done
correctly, you can visualize the budding spores and
pseudohyphae.
According to USPTF, what test to screen for lung cancer? -
correct answer Low dose CT
,The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommends annual
screening for lung cancer with low-dose computed tomography
in adults aged 55 to 80 years who have a 30-pack-year smoking
history and currently smoke (or quit within the past 15 years).
Discontinue screening once a person has not smoked for 15
years or develops a health problem that substantially limits life
expectancy or willingness to have curative lung surgery.
All of the following children are within the parameters of normal
growth and development for their age group except:
1. 2 month old who coos and smiles
2. 14 month who understands complex commands
3. 20 month who can walk without support
4. 3 yo who can speak in 3-4 word sentences - correct answer
2.
A 14-month-old child should developmentally be able to say
"mama" and "dada," know his own name, and know at least two
to four words. A 2-year-old is able to understand simple
commands.
Most common cause of infertility among women in US: -
correct answer Ovulation disorders are the top cause of
female infertility (25%). Affected women may have no ovulation
(anovulation) or infrequent ovulation that results in
oligomenorrhea (i.e., polycystic ovarian syndrome [PCOS]). The
second cause is endometriosis (15%). About 10% of women in the
United States (ages 15-44 years) have difficulty getting pregnant
(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2009). PCOS is one
of the most common causes of female infertility. Infertility in men
, is often caused by a varicocele (heats up the testes) and
abnormal and/or low sperm count.
At what Tanner stage does puberty start? - correct answer
Tannger stage II
Best method to diagnose vaginal trichomonas? - correct
answer The best method of diagnosing vaginal trichomonas
infection in primary care is by wet smear with microscopy.
Trichomonas is a protozoan; it is a unicellular organism with
flagella. Place a small amount of vaginal discharge on a glass
slide, add a few drops of normal saline, and place the cover slip
on top. Do not use potassium hydroxide (KOH) as it will rupture
the organisms. Trichomonas can be visualized by microscopy.
What is not common in the third trimester? - correct answer
The bluish discoloration of the cervix and vagina, known as
Chadwick's sign, is caused by increased blood flow. It is seen
between 6 and 8 weeks after conception along with Hegar's sign,
which is softening of the uterine isthmus (lower uterine
segment). Chadwick's sign is considered one of the probable
signs of pregnancy. The S3 heart sound, mild edema of ankles
and hands, and increase in urinary frequency are seen in the
third trimester, along with low-back pain, striae, and shortness of
breath.
Best method to diagnose Candida albicans in primary care -
correct answer Wet smear
The wet smear or wet prep is best used to diagnose Candida
albicansinfection of the vagina (candidiasis) in the primary care
