Structuralism
(Hint: Used Introspection) - ANSWER Early school of thought promoted by
Wundt and Titchener; used introspection to explain the mind
Functionalism - ANSWER Early school of thought promoted by James and
influenced by Darwin; explored how mental and behavioural processes function
- how they enable an organism to adapt, survive, and flourish
Behaviorism - ANSWER The view that psychology
1. Should be an objective science
2. Studies behaviour w/o reference to mental processes
Most people agree w/ 1 but not 2
Humanistic psychology - ANSWER Significant perspective that emphasized
the growth potential of healthy people
Cognitive Neuroscience - ANSWER The study of brain activity linked with
cognition
Psychology - ANSWER The science of behavior and mental processes
,Nature vs. Nurture - ANSWER What molds us? Our genes (Nature) or the
environment around us including our past experiences (Nurture); a popular
ongoing debate
*Most Psychologists believe there is a mixture of the two
Natural Selection - ANSWER Upon variations of traits, those that are most
successful for survival will be passed down to further generations
Levels of Analysis - ANSWER The various complementary perspectives, from
biological/psychological/social culture for analyzing any given phenomenon
Biopsychosocial approach - ANSWER A combination of all the levels of
analysis
Basic Research - ANSWER Pure science that seeks to enhance the scientific
knowledge base
Applied Research - ANSWER Scientific research that seeks to solve practical
problems
Counseling Psychologists - ANSWER A branch of psychology that deals with
counseling those that need it-can be in various things such as relationships or
school etc
Clinical Psychologists - ANSWER A branch of psychology that deals with
treating patients that have psychological disorders
, Psychiatry - ANSWER A branch of medicine dealing with psychological
disorders, will prescribe medicine in order to help patient feel better
Positive Psychology - ANSWER the study of human functioning with the
overall goal to improve strength and virtues to help the community thrive
Testing Effect - ANSWER States the best way to learn is to constantly retrieve
the information you just learned (short, periodic quizzes over newly taught
material)
SQ3R - ANSWER A method of learning that uses the Testing Effect:
Survey
Question
Read
Retrieve
Review
hindsight bias - ANSWER The "I knew it all along" feeling; after something
occurs, it seems almost obvious that it would have been the outcome
overconfidence - ANSWER Thinking that we know more than what we
actually do
perceiving order in random events - ANSWER Flipping a coin/Multiple-
choice testing
Critical Thinking - ANSWER The process of thinking carefully and deeply,
not just accepting an answer, but understanding why the answer is valid
(Hint: Used Introspection) - ANSWER Early school of thought promoted by
Wundt and Titchener; used introspection to explain the mind
Functionalism - ANSWER Early school of thought promoted by James and
influenced by Darwin; explored how mental and behavioural processes function
- how they enable an organism to adapt, survive, and flourish
Behaviorism - ANSWER The view that psychology
1. Should be an objective science
2. Studies behaviour w/o reference to mental processes
Most people agree w/ 1 but not 2
Humanistic psychology - ANSWER Significant perspective that emphasized
the growth potential of healthy people
Cognitive Neuroscience - ANSWER The study of brain activity linked with
cognition
Psychology - ANSWER The science of behavior and mental processes
,Nature vs. Nurture - ANSWER What molds us? Our genes (Nature) or the
environment around us including our past experiences (Nurture); a popular
ongoing debate
*Most Psychologists believe there is a mixture of the two
Natural Selection - ANSWER Upon variations of traits, those that are most
successful for survival will be passed down to further generations
Levels of Analysis - ANSWER The various complementary perspectives, from
biological/psychological/social culture for analyzing any given phenomenon
Biopsychosocial approach - ANSWER A combination of all the levels of
analysis
Basic Research - ANSWER Pure science that seeks to enhance the scientific
knowledge base
Applied Research - ANSWER Scientific research that seeks to solve practical
problems
Counseling Psychologists - ANSWER A branch of psychology that deals with
counseling those that need it-can be in various things such as relationships or
school etc
Clinical Psychologists - ANSWER A branch of psychology that deals with
treating patients that have psychological disorders
, Psychiatry - ANSWER A branch of medicine dealing with psychological
disorders, will prescribe medicine in order to help patient feel better
Positive Psychology - ANSWER the study of human functioning with the
overall goal to improve strength and virtues to help the community thrive
Testing Effect - ANSWER States the best way to learn is to constantly retrieve
the information you just learned (short, periodic quizzes over newly taught
material)
SQ3R - ANSWER A method of learning that uses the Testing Effect:
Survey
Question
Read
Retrieve
Review
hindsight bias - ANSWER The "I knew it all along" feeling; after something
occurs, it seems almost obvious that it would have been the outcome
overconfidence - ANSWER Thinking that we know more than what we
actually do
perceiving order in random events - ANSWER Flipping a coin/Multiple-
choice testing
Critical Thinking - ANSWER The process of thinking carefully and deeply,
not just accepting an answer, but understanding why the answer is valid
