,DOWNLOAD jTHE jTest jBank jfor jBiochemistry j1st jEdition
jMiesfeld
Chapter j2: jPhysical jBiochemistry: jEnergy jConversion, jWater, jand jMembranes
LEARNING jOBJECTIVES
2.1 Energy jConversion jin jBiological jSystems 2.2 Water jIs jCritical jfor jLife jProcesses
2.1.a. Describe jhow jsunlight jis jthe jsource jof jall jenergy 2.2.a. Identify jhydrogen jbond jdonors jand jhydrogen
jonjEarth. jbondjacceptors.
2.1.b. Differentiate jbetween jautotrophs jand jheterotrophs. 2.2.b. Describe jhow jan jantifreeze jprotein jfunctions.
2.1.c. Explain jthe jrole jof joxidation-reduction jreactions 2.2.c. Differentiate jamong jhydrogen jbonds,
jinjbiological jsystems. jionicjinteractions, jand jvan jder jWaals
jinteractions.
2.1.d. Differentiate jbetween ja jsystem jand jits
jsurroundings. 2.2.d. State jthe jconcept jof jthe jhydrophobic jeffect jand
jhowjit jimpacts jprotein jfolding.
2.1.e. Differentiate jamong jopen, jclosed, jand
jisolatedjsystems. 2.2.e. Explain jthe jimpacts jof jhypotonic, jisotonic,
jandjhypertonic jsolutions jon jcells.
2.1.f. Explain jthe jfirst jlaw jof jthermodynamics jas jit
jappliesjto jbiological jsystems. 2.2.f. Identify jthe jimportant jaspects jof jplant, jfungi,
jand jbacterial jcells jthat jallow jthem jto jsurvive jin ja
2.1.g. Differentiate jbetween jendothermic jand jhypotonicjenvironment.
jexothermicjreactions.
2.2.g. Calculate jthe jconcentration jof jH+ j or jOH–
2.1.h. State jthe jsecond jlaw jof jthermodynamics jas jit j given jthejOH– j or jH+ j concentration.
jappliesjto jbiological jsystems.
2.1.i. Explain jthe jconcept jof jentropy jand jits 2.2.h. Relate jpH jto jthe jconcentration jof jH+ j or jOH–.
jrole jinjbiological jsystems.
2.2.i. Differentiate jbetween jweak jacids jand jstrong
jacidsjand jbetween jweak jbases jand jstrong jbases.
2.1.j. Define jGibbs jfree jenergy, jits jrelation jto jenthalpy
jandjentropy, jand jits jrelation jto jequilibrium.
2.2.j. Relate jpH jto jpKa jusing jthe jHenderson-
2.1.k. Identify jthe jimpacts jof jenthalpy, jentropy, Hasselbalchjequation.
jandjtemperature jon jfree jenergy.
2.3 Cell jMembranes jFunction jas jSelective
2.1.l. Differentiate jbetween jstandard jstate jcondition jand jHydrophobicjBarriers
jthejbiochemical jstandard jstate.
2.3.a. Identify jthe jcharacteristics jof ja jphospholipid
2.1.m. Differentiate jbetween jexergonic jand jthatjcontribute jto jmembrane jformation.
jendergonic jreactions jand jexplain jhow jsuch jreactions
jare jcoupled jinjbiological jsystems. 2.3.b. Relate jthe jdegree jof jsaturation jin
jphospholipids jtojthe jfluidity jof jthe jmembrane.
2.1.n. Identify jthe jcharacteristics jof jthe jATP jmolecule
jthat jprovide jsuch ja jlarge jstandard jfree jenergy jchange 2.3.c. Explain jthe jvarious jways jcholesterol
jforjphosphoanhydride jbond jcleavage. jimpactsjmembrane jstructure.
2.1.o. Describe jthe jrelationship jbetween jenergy jcharge 2.3.d. Differentiate jamong jthe jdifferent jtypes jof
jandjconcentrations jof jATP, jADP, jand jAMP. jmembranesjfound jin ja jeukaryotic jcell.
mynursytest.store
,DOWNLOAD jTHE jTest jBank jfor jBiochemistry j1st jEdition
jMiesfeld
Chapter j2: jPhysical jBiochemistry: jEnergy jConversion, jWater, jand jMembranes
MULTIPLE jCHOICE
1. Energy j conversion j in j living j systems j is j required j for j what j three j types j of j work?
a. osmotic j work, j chemical j work, j mechanical j work
b. osmotic j work, j chemical j work, j potential j work
c. kinetic j work, j chemical j work, j mechanical j work
d. osmotic j work, j photosynthetic j work, j mechanical j work
ANS: j A DIF: Easy REF: j 2.1
OBJ: j 2.1.a. j Describe j how j sunlight j is j the j source j of j all j energy j on
j Earth.jMSC: j Remembering
2. What j chemical j process j is j able j to j take j place j in j the j presence j of j solar j energy?
a. anaerobic j respiration
b. photosynthesis
c. hydrogenation
d. hydrolysis
ANS: j B DIF: Medium REF: j 2.1
OBJ: j 2.1.a. j Describe j how j sunlight j is j the j source j of j all j energy j on
j Earth.jMSC: j Remembering
3. Which j of j the j following j is j the j correct j solar j energy j reaction j that j takes j place j on j the j sun?
a. 4 j He j j 4He
b. 4He j j 4 j He
c. 4 j H j j 4He
d. 4H j j 4 j H
ANS: j C DIF: Medium REF: j 2.1
OBJ: j 2.1.a. j Describe j how j sunlight j is j the j source j of j all j energy j on
j Earth.jMSC: j Understanding
4. What j is j the j final j molecule j made j from j the j oxidation j of j H2O j by j solar j energy?
a. ozone
b. glucose
c. fructose
d. carbon j dioxide
ANS: j B DIF: Medium REF: j 2.1
OBJ: j2.1.c. j Explain j the j role j of j oxidation-reduction j reactions j in j biological
j systems.jMSC: j Understanding
5. The j difference j between j an j oxidation j reaction j and j a j reduction j reaction j is j that j oxidation j is
j the
__________ j and j reduction j is j the ______ _.
a. loss j of j electrons; j gain j of j electrons
b. gain j of j electrons; j loss j of j electrons
c. loss j of j protons; j gain j of j protons
d. gain j of j protons; j loss j of j protons
ANS: j A DIF: Medium REF: 2.1
OBJ: j2.1.c. j Explain j the j role j of j oxidation-reduction j reactions j in j biological
j systems.jMSC: j Analyzing
1j
mynursytest.store
, DOWNLOAD jTHE jTest jBank jfor jBiochemistry j1st jEdition
jMiesfeld
6. Which j of j the j following j correctly j describes j the j relationship j between j an j ice j cube j melting
j on j thejtable j and j the j air j surrounding j it?
a. The j ice j cube j is j the j system j and j the j air j is j the j surroundings.
b. The j air j is j the j system j and j the j ice j cube j is j the j surroundings.
c. The j ice j cube j is j the j system j and j only j the j air j is j the j universe.
d. The j air j is j the j system j and j only j the j ice j cube j is j the j universe.
ANS: j A DIF: Medium REF: j 2.1
OBJ: j 2.1.d. j Differentiate j between j a j system j and j its
j surroundings.jMSC: j Evaluating
7. Which j of j the j following j is j an j example j of j a j system?
a. the j universe
b. the j air
c. a j test j tube j with j reaction j components
d. outer j space
ANS: j C DIF: Easy REF: j 2.1
OBJ: j 2.1.d. j Differentiate j between j a j system j and j its
j surroundings.jMSC: j Understanding
8. A j hot j pack j on j your j arm j is j an j example j of j what j kind j of j system?
a. open
b. closed
c. isolated
d. surroundings
ANS: j B DIF: Medium REF: j 2.1
OBJ: j 2.1.e. j Differentiate j among j open, j closed, j and j isolated j systems.
jMSC: j Applying
9. Which j of j the j following j best j describes j an j open j system?
a. Matter j and j energy j are j freely j exchanged j with j the j surroundings.
b. Energy j is j exchanged j with j the j surroundings j but j matter j is j not.
c. Matter j is j exchanged j with j the j surroundings j but j energy j is j not.
d. Neither j matter j nor j energy j is j exchanged j with j the j surroundings.
ANS: j A DIF: Easy REF: j 2.1
OBJ: j 2.1.e. j Differentiate j among j open, j closed, j and j isolated j systems.
jMSC: j Understanding
10. Which j of j the j following j best j defines j the j first j law j of j thermodynamics?
a. All j spontaneous j processes j in j the j universe j tend j toward j dispersal j of j energy.
b. Total j amount j of j energy j in j the j universe j is j a j constant.
c. There j is j no j entropy j at j zero j Kelvin.
d. Entropy j is j a j measure j of j disorder.
ANS: j B DIF: Medium REF: j 2.1
OBJ: j 2.1.f. j Explain j the j first j law j of j thermodynamics j as j it j applies j to j biological
j systems. jMSC: j Understanding
2j
mynursytest.store
jMiesfeld
Chapter j2: jPhysical jBiochemistry: jEnergy jConversion, jWater, jand jMembranes
LEARNING jOBJECTIVES
2.1 Energy jConversion jin jBiological jSystems 2.2 Water jIs jCritical jfor jLife jProcesses
2.1.a. Describe jhow jsunlight jis jthe jsource jof jall jenergy 2.2.a. Identify jhydrogen jbond jdonors jand jhydrogen
jonjEarth. jbondjacceptors.
2.1.b. Differentiate jbetween jautotrophs jand jheterotrophs. 2.2.b. Describe jhow jan jantifreeze jprotein jfunctions.
2.1.c. Explain jthe jrole jof joxidation-reduction jreactions 2.2.c. Differentiate jamong jhydrogen jbonds,
jinjbiological jsystems. jionicjinteractions, jand jvan jder jWaals
jinteractions.
2.1.d. Differentiate jbetween ja jsystem jand jits
jsurroundings. 2.2.d. State jthe jconcept jof jthe jhydrophobic jeffect jand
jhowjit jimpacts jprotein jfolding.
2.1.e. Differentiate jamong jopen, jclosed, jand
jisolatedjsystems. 2.2.e. Explain jthe jimpacts jof jhypotonic, jisotonic,
jandjhypertonic jsolutions jon jcells.
2.1.f. Explain jthe jfirst jlaw jof jthermodynamics jas jit
jappliesjto jbiological jsystems. 2.2.f. Identify jthe jimportant jaspects jof jplant, jfungi,
jand jbacterial jcells jthat jallow jthem jto jsurvive jin ja
2.1.g. Differentiate jbetween jendothermic jand jhypotonicjenvironment.
jexothermicjreactions.
2.2.g. Calculate jthe jconcentration jof jH+ j or jOH–
2.1.h. State jthe jsecond jlaw jof jthermodynamics jas jit j given jthejOH– j or jH+ j concentration.
jappliesjto jbiological jsystems.
2.1.i. Explain jthe jconcept jof jentropy jand jits 2.2.h. Relate jpH jto jthe jconcentration jof jH+ j or jOH–.
jrole jinjbiological jsystems.
2.2.i. Differentiate jbetween jweak jacids jand jstrong
jacidsjand jbetween jweak jbases jand jstrong jbases.
2.1.j. Define jGibbs jfree jenergy, jits jrelation jto jenthalpy
jandjentropy, jand jits jrelation jto jequilibrium.
2.2.j. Relate jpH jto jpKa jusing jthe jHenderson-
2.1.k. Identify jthe jimpacts jof jenthalpy, jentropy, Hasselbalchjequation.
jandjtemperature jon jfree jenergy.
2.3 Cell jMembranes jFunction jas jSelective
2.1.l. Differentiate jbetween jstandard jstate jcondition jand jHydrophobicjBarriers
jthejbiochemical jstandard jstate.
2.3.a. Identify jthe jcharacteristics jof ja jphospholipid
2.1.m. Differentiate jbetween jexergonic jand jthatjcontribute jto jmembrane jformation.
jendergonic jreactions jand jexplain jhow jsuch jreactions
jare jcoupled jinjbiological jsystems. 2.3.b. Relate jthe jdegree jof jsaturation jin
jphospholipids jtojthe jfluidity jof jthe jmembrane.
2.1.n. Identify jthe jcharacteristics jof jthe jATP jmolecule
jthat jprovide jsuch ja jlarge jstandard jfree jenergy jchange 2.3.c. Explain jthe jvarious jways jcholesterol
jforjphosphoanhydride jbond jcleavage. jimpactsjmembrane jstructure.
2.1.o. Describe jthe jrelationship jbetween jenergy jcharge 2.3.d. Differentiate jamong jthe jdifferent jtypes jof
jandjconcentrations jof jATP, jADP, jand jAMP. jmembranesjfound jin ja jeukaryotic jcell.
mynursytest.store
,DOWNLOAD jTHE jTest jBank jfor jBiochemistry j1st jEdition
jMiesfeld
Chapter j2: jPhysical jBiochemistry: jEnergy jConversion, jWater, jand jMembranes
MULTIPLE jCHOICE
1. Energy j conversion j in j living j systems j is j required j for j what j three j types j of j work?
a. osmotic j work, j chemical j work, j mechanical j work
b. osmotic j work, j chemical j work, j potential j work
c. kinetic j work, j chemical j work, j mechanical j work
d. osmotic j work, j photosynthetic j work, j mechanical j work
ANS: j A DIF: Easy REF: j 2.1
OBJ: j 2.1.a. j Describe j how j sunlight j is j the j source j of j all j energy j on
j Earth.jMSC: j Remembering
2. What j chemical j process j is j able j to j take j place j in j the j presence j of j solar j energy?
a. anaerobic j respiration
b. photosynthesis
c. hydrogenation
d. hydrolysis
ANS: j B DIF: Medium REF: j 2.1
OBJ: j 2.1.a. j Describe j how j sunlight j is j the j source j of j all j energy j on
j Earth.jMSC: j Remembering
3. Which j of j the j following j is j the j correct j solar j energy j reaction j that j takes j place j on j the j sun?
a. 4 j He j j 4He
b. 4He j j 4 j He
c. 4 j H j j 4He
d. 4H j j 4 j H
ANS: j C DIF: Medium REF: j 2.1
OBJ: j 2.1.a. j Describe j how j sunlight j is j the j source j of j all j energy j on
j Earth.jMSC: j Understanding
4. What j is j the j final j molecule j made j from j the j oxidation j of j H2O j by j solar j energy?
a. ozone
b. glucose
c. fructose
d. carbon j dioxide
ANS: j B DIF: Medium REF: j 2.1
OBJ: j2.1.c. j Explain j the j role j of j oxidation-reduction j reactions j in j biological
j systems.jMSC: j Understanding
5. The j difference j between j an j oxidation j reaction j and j a j reduction j reaction j is j that j oxidation j is
j the
__________ j and j reduction j is j the ______ _.
a. loss j of j electrons; j gain j of j electrons
b. gain j of j electrons; j loss j of j electrons
c. loss j of j protons; j gain j of j protons
d. gain j of j protons; j loss j of j protons
ANS: j A DIF: Medium REF: 2.1
OBJ: j2.1.c. j Explain j the j role j of j oxidation-reduction j reactions j in j biological
j systems.jMSC: j Analyzing
1j
mynursytest.store
, DOWNLOAD jTHE jTest jBank jfor jBiochemistry j1st jEdition
jMiesfeld
6. Which j of j the j following j correctly j describes j the j relationship j between j an j ice j cube j melting
j on j thejtable j and j the j air j surrounding j it?
a. The j ice j cube j is j the j system j and j the j air j is j the j surroundings.
b. The j air j is j the j system j and j the j ice j cube j is j the j surroundings.
c. The j ice j cube j is j the j system j and j only j the j air j is j the j universe.
d. The j air j is j the j system j and j only j the j ice j cube j is j the j universe.
ANS: j A DIF: Medium REF: j 2.1
OBJ: j 2.1.d. j Differentiate j between j a j system j and j its
j surroundings.jMSC: j Evaluating
7. Which j of j the j following j is j an j example j of j a j system?
a. the j universe
b. the j air
c. a j test j tube j with j reaction j components
d. outer j space
ANS: j C DIF: Easy REF: j 2.1
OBJ: j 2.1.d. j Differentiate j between j a j system j and j its
j surroundings.jMSC: j Understanding
8. A j hot j pack j on j your j arm j is j an j example j of j what j kind j of j system?
a. open
b. closed
c. isolated
d. surroundings
ANS: j B DIF: Medium REF: j 2.1
OBJ: j 2.1.e. j Differentiate j among j open, j closed, j and j isolated j systems.
jMSC: j Applying
9. Which j of j the j following j best j describes j an j open j system?
a. Matter j and j energy j are j freely j exchanged j with j the j surroundings.
b. Energy j is j exchanged j with j the j surroundings j but j matter j is j not.
c. Matter j is j exchanged j with j the j surroundings j but j energy j is j not.
d. Neither j matter j nor j energy j is j exchanged j with j the j surroundings.
ANS: j A DIF: Easy REF: j 2.1
OBJ: j 2.1.e. j Differentiate j among j open, j closed, j and j isolated j systems.
jMSC: j Understanding
10. Which j of j the j following j best j defines j the j first j law j of j thermodynamics?
a. All j spontaneous j processes j in j the j universe j tend j toward j dispersal j of j energy.
b. Total j amount j of j energy j in j the j universe j is j a j constant.
c. There j is j no j entropy j at j zero j Kelvin.
d. Entropy j is j a j measure j of j disorder.
ANS: j B DIF: Medium REF: j 2.1
OBJ: j 2.1.f. j Explain j the j first j law j of j thermodynamics j as j it j applies j to j biological
j systems. jMSC: j Understanding
2j
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