ESC 1000C Final Exam Review 100%
Accurate!
What are Kepler's Laws? - ANSWERSLaws of planetary motion which explain how the
planets orbit. They are:
1. All planets have elliptical orbits with the Sun as one of the foci
2. A radius vector joining the Sun and planets sweeps out an equal area over an equal
amount of time
3.The squares of the sidereal periods of the planets are directly proportional to the
cubes of their mean distances from the Sun
What is the presumed age of the universe? - ANSWERSAbout 13.77 billion years old.
What properties does an H-R diagram show? - ANSWERSAn H-R diagram shows the
temperature of stars against their luminosity. This could also be classified as the color of
a star against the absolute magnitude. This scale is theoretical.
Uses these to classify stars:
1. Luminosity
2. Spectral Class (Color)--Sun-G2
3. Temperature
4. Absolute Magnitude--(How bright it appears because of its size)
What are the four distinct types of precipitation? - ANSWERSRain, Snow, Sleet, Hail
Draw and label the electromagnetic spectrum. - ANSWERS
What are the effects of localized longshore currents and rip currents? -
ANSWERSSome effects of localized longshore currents and rip currents are long
destroyed jetties, dangerous swimming conditions, and breaks in sandbars.
Why does FL experience the most thunderstorms? - ANSWERSFlorida experiences the
most thunderstorms because it is surrounded by many water sources and the
abundance of sunlight which causes the air to become unstable.
Distinguish between spring and neap tides - ANSWERSSpring tides occur when the
Sun and moon are roughly in alignment with each other, causing an increase in
gravitational pull and more extreme tides.
Neap tides occur when the sun and moon are at right angles with each other, causing
more moderate tides. Both of these tides occur twice a month.
, Distinguish between Diurnal, Semidiurnal and Mixed tides. - ANSWERSDiurnal tide
cycles are when an area experiences one high and one low tide that are the same size
a day.
Semidiurnal is when an area experiences two high and two low tides that are the same
size a day.
Mixed tides are when an area experiences semidiurnal tides of different sizes every
day.
Describe the layers of the atmosphere. - ANSWERS-Troposphere:Lowest layer where
we live; most weather occurs in this layer; contains about 75% of all air in the
atmosphere
-Stratosphere:Contains most of the Ozone and absorbs most of the UV radiation from
the sunlight
-Mesosphere:Layer above the stratosphere and temperature decreases with height
-Thermosphere:Layer that absorbs most of the X-Ray and some UV radiation from the
sun
-Exosphere: Contains mainly Oxygen and Hydrogen, some of these atoms are help by
gravity and others float into space
Discuss El Nino and La Nina. - ANSWERSEl Nino is when the Pacific Ocean has
surface temperatures that are warmer than normal. This causes the jetstream to move
south, causing warmer, dryer weather in the northern US and wetter conditions in the
southeast US.
La Nina is when the jetstream is pushed north and the water is colder than normal. This
causes drought in the southern US and heavy rains in the northern US.
What are the causes of sea level rise? - ANSWERSSome of the causes are:
melting glaciers, warming oceans (causing volume to increase, and the decline in liquid
water on land.
Why is Venus often called Earth's twin? - ANSWERSBecause the two planets are
similar in size, mass, density, composition, and gravity.
Draw and label the parts of a wave. - ANSWERS
What is the dew point? - ANSWERSThe dew point is the temperature the air needs to
be cooled to in order to achieve a relative humidity of 100%. The water vapor in a
sample of air will condense into liquid water.
What is the presumed age of the solar system? - ANSWERSThe age of the Solar
System is about 4.6 billion years.
Explain the Doppler Effect including the red and blue shifts. - ANSWERSThe Doppler
Effect is the tendency for light to appear different depending on how the object is
moving. When an object is moving away, an observer will see light with a longer
wavelength (red shift), causing it to appear more red- compresses getting closer. When
Accurate!
What are Kepler's Laws? - ANSWERSLaws of planetary motion which explain how the
planets orbit. They are:
1. All planets have elliptical orbits with the Sun as one of the foci
2. A radius vector joining the Sun and planets sweeps out an equal area over an equal
amount of time
3.The squares of the sidereal periods of the planets are directly proportional to the
cubes of their mean distances from the Sun
What is the presumed age of the universe? - ANSWERSAbout 13.77 billion years old.
What properties does an H-R diagram show? - ANSWERSAn H-R diagram shows the
temperature of stars against their luminosity. This could also be classified as the color of
a star against the absolute magnitude. This scale is theoretical.
Uses these to classify stars:
1. Luminosity
2. Spectral Class (Color)--Sun-G2
3. Temperature
4. Absolute Magnitude--(How bright it appears because of its size)
What are the four distinct types of precipitation? - ANSWERSRain, Snow, Sleet, Hail
Draw and label the electromagnetic spectrum. - ANSWERS
What are the effects of localized longshore currents and rip currents? -
ANSWERSSome effects of localized longshore currents and rip currents are long
destroyed jetties, dangerous swimming conditions, and breaks in sandbars.
Why does FL experience the most thunderstorms? - ANSWERSFlorida experiences the
most thunderstorms because it is surrounded by many water sources and the
abundance of sunlight which causes the air to become unstable.
Distinguish between spring and neap tides - ANSWERSSpring tides occur when the
Sun and moon are roughly in alignment with each other, causing an increase in
gravitational pull and more extreme tides.
Neap tides occur when the sun and moon are at right angles with each other, causing
more moderate tides. Both of these tides occur twice a month.
, Distinguish between Diurnal, Semidiurnal and Mixed tides. - ANSWERSDiurnal tide
cycles are when an area experiences one high and one low tide that are the same size
a day.
Semidiurnal is when an area experiences two high and two low tides that are the same
size a day.
Mixed tides are when an area experiences semidiurnal tides of different sizes every
day.
Describe the layers of the atmosphere. - ANSWERS-Troposphere:Lowest layer where
we live; most weather occurs in this layer; contains about 75% of all air in the
atmosphere
-Stratosphere:Contains most of the Ozone and absorbs most of the UV radiation from
the sunlight
-Mesosphere:Layer above the stratosphere and temperature decreases with height
-Thermosphere:Layer that absorbs most of the X-Ray and some UV radiation from the
sun
-Exosphere: Contains mainly Oxygen and Hydrogen, some of these atoms are help by
gravity and others float into space
Discuss El Nino and La Nina. - ANSWERSEl Nino is when the Pacific Ocean has
surface temperatures that are warmer than normal. This causes the jetstream to move
south, causing warmer, dryer weather in the northern US and wetter conditions in the
southeast US.
La Nina is when the jetstream is pushed north and the water is colder than normal. This
causes drought in the southern US and heavy rains in the northern US.
What are the causes of sea level rise? - ANSWERSSome of the causes are:
melting glaciers, warming oceans (causing volume to increase, and the decline in liquid
water on land.
Why is Venus often called Earth's twin? - ANSWERSBecause the two planets are
similar in size, mass, density, composition, and gravity.
Draw and label the parts of a wave. - ANSWERS
What is the dew point? - ANSWERSThe dew point is the temperature the air needs to
be cooled to in order to achieve a relative humidity of 100%. The water vapor in a
sample of air will condense into liquid water.
What is the presumed age of the solar system? - ANSWERSThe age of the Solar
System is about 4.6 billion years.
Explain the Doppler Effect including the red and blue shifts. - ANSWERSThe Doppler
Effect is the tendency for light to appear different depending on how the object is
moving. When an object is moving away, an observer will see light with a longer
wavelength (red shift), causing it to appear more red- compresses getting closer. When
