NUR 155 Exam 4 Questions and Complete
Rationales Graded A+Get a hint
Drug classification - Answer: Prescription and OTC
Generic name or Trade/Brand name
What system is used in KY for tracking controlled substances - Answer: CASPER
Who writes medication orders? - Answer: Physicians
Drug side effects - Answer: (secondary effect) Expected and treated; may be harmless or potentially
harmful
Adverse reactions - Answer: (adverse effects) aren't expected, deadly; may justify the discontinuation of
the drug
drug toxicity - Answer: (harmful effects of a drug on an organism or tissue) too much/overdose;
ingention of a drug intended for external use or buildup of the drug in the blood because of impaired
metabolism or excretion; elderly/kids at risk, kidney/liver
Allergy (Drug) - Answer: anaphylactic reaction (occurs immediately after the drug is administered),
doesn't mean you had side effects of a drug
Drug interactions - Answer: occurs when the administration of one drug before, at the same time as, or
after another drug alters the effect of one or both drugs; contraindications, drug compatibility
half-life - Answer: amount of time for half the med to get out of the body
onset - Answer: the time it takes for the med to start work
,peak plasma level - Answer: highest level of med. PO (30-60) IV (med is done)
Trough - Answer: Right before dose (lowest amount)
Absorption - Answer: the process by which a drug passed into the bloodstream; first step in the
movement of the drug through the body
Distribution - Answer: o the transportation of a drug from its site of absorption to its site of action
Biotransformation (metabolism) - Answer: process by which a drug is converted to a less active form,
mostly takes place in the liver- products called metabolites
Excretion - Answer: the process by which metabolites and drugs are eliminated from the body
What developmental status's effect drug action? - Answer: pregnancy, kids (immune body systems),
older adults (decreased renal function *start low go slow*- safety tops on pill bottles
How does sex effect drug action - Answer: Males = more protein & metabolize faster; females = more
adipose tissue
How do genes effect drug action? - Answer: genetic testing
How does diet affection drug action - Answer: Absorption
Psychological factors that effect drug actions - Answer: think it won't work, won't take certain meds,
generic vs brand names
what disease effect drug action? - Answer: Cancer, circulatory issues, gut, renal, liver
how does time of administration effect drug action - Answer: some drugs have to be taken with food or
without food, or am/pm
, Oral medication route - Answer: o SAFEST ROUTE/MOST CONVIENENT - does not break skin barrier
o Tablets - can be scored/crushed as long as not enteric coated
o Capsules, liquid
o Sublingual(under tongue - NITROGLYCERIN)
o Buccal(Cheek)
o Enteral - tube feed, crushed or liquid
Transdermal meds - Answer: o Applied to skin, local and maybe systemic effects
o Lotion, creams, ointments, patches
o Soap/water, gloves, pat dry and apply
o Wrap in glove and put in sharps container
o Rotate sites
Parenteral - Answer: Injected VIA -
§ Intradermal - under the epidermis (into the dermis)
§ Subcutaneous - into the subcutaneous tissue, just below the skin
§ Intramuscular - into a muscle
§ Intravenous - into a vein
What do you do when an allergic reaction occurs? - Answer: Give Benadryl permission is not required
Topical meds - Answer: o Skin/body cavity
o Eye - Lower and outer. Ointment is applied in to out
o Ear - 3+ up & back, -3 down & back
o Vagina - Need to go up by cervix
o Rectum - lube always, make sure not melted or too cold
o Nose - blow before, slow inhale
Rationales Graded A+Get a hint
Drug classification - Answer: Prescription and OTC
Generic name or Trade/Brand name
What system is used in KY for tracking controlled substances - Answer: CASPER
Who writes medication orders? - Answer: Physicians
Drug side effects - Answer: (secondary effect) Expected and treated; may be harmless or potentially
harmful
Adverse reactions - Answer: (adverse effects) aren't expected, deadly; may justify the discontinuation of
the drug
drug toxicity - Answer: (harmful effects of a drug on an organism or tissue) too much/overdose;
ingention of a drug intended for external use or buildup of the drug in the blood because of impaired
metabolism or excretion; elderly/kids at risk, kidney/liver
Allergy (Drug) - Answer: anaphylactic reaction (occurs immediately after the drug is administered),
doesn't mean you had side effects of a drug
Drug interactions - Answer: occurs when the administration of one drug before, at the same time as, or
after another drug alters the effect of one or both drugs; contraindications, drug compatibility
half-life - Answer: amount of time for half the med to get out of the body
onset - Answer: the time it takes for the med to start work
,peak plasma level - Answer: highest level of med. PO (30-60) IV (med is done)
Trough - Answer: Right before dose (lowest amount)
Absorption - Answer: the process by which a drug passed into the bloodstream; first step in the
movement of the drug through the body
Distribution - Answer: o the transportation of a drug from its site of absorption to its site of action
Biotransformation (metabolism) - Answer: process by which a drug is converted to a less active form,
mostly takes place in the liver- products called metabolites
Excretion - Answer: the process by which metabolites and drugs are eliminated from the body
What developmental status's effect drug action? - Answer: pregnancy, kids (immune body systems),
older adults (decreased renal function *start low go slow*- safety tops on pill bottles
How does sex effect drug action - Answer: Males = more protein & metabolize faster; females = more
adipose tissue
How do genes effect drug action? - Answer: genetic testing
How does diet affection drug action - Answer: Absorption
Psychological factors that effect drug actions - Answer: think it won't work, won't take certain meds,
generic vs brand names
what disease effect drug action? - Answer: Cancer, circulatory issues, gut, renal, liver
how does time of administration effect drug action - Answer: some drugs have to be taken with food or
without food, or am/pm
, Oral medication route - Answer: o SAFEST ROUTE/MOST CONVIENENT - does not break skin barrier
o Tablets - can be scored/crushed as long as not enteric coated
o Capsules, liquid
o Sublingual(under tongue - NITROGLYCERIN)
o Buccal(Cheek)
o Enteral - tube feed, crushed or liquid
Transdermal meds - Answer: o Applied to skin, local and maybe systemic effects
o Lotion, creams, ointments, patches
o Soap/water, gloves, pat dry and apply
o Wrap in glove and put in sharps container
o Rotate sites
Parenteral - Answer: Injected VIA -
§ Intradermal - under the epidermis (into the dermis)
§ Subcutaneous - into the subcutaneous tissue, just below the skin
§ Intramuscular - into a muscle
§ Intravenous - into a vein
What do you do when an allergic reaction occurs? - Answer: Give Benadryl permission is not required
Topical meds - Answer: o Skin/body cavity
o Eye - Lower and outer. Ointment is applied in to out
o Ear - 3+ up & back, -3 down & back
o Vagina - Need to go up by cervix
o Rectum - lube always, make sure not melted or too cold
o Nose - blow before, slow inhale
