HESI Pharmacology Exit Exam
What is the indication for metoclopramide/reglan? correct answers
Prevention of
chemotherapy-induced emesis and diabetic
gastroparesis
Side effects of metoclopramide/reglan correct answers Drowsiness, EPS
such as
tremor
s
Notify MD if what occurs when using metoclopramide/reglan correct
answers Tremors
What is the indication xenical (orlistat, Alli) correct answers For PTs with
BMIweight
LT of 30+;
control
SE of xenical (orlistat or alli) correct answers Oily stool and
flatulence
Nursing implications for a pt on xenical (orlistat or alli) correct
answers Ask
describe pt to
dietary intake since SE are increased if greater than 30% of fat
is in diet.
What can decrease side effects of xenical (orlistat or alli) correct
answers Fiber
laxatives like Metamucil help decrease SE by binding to
the fat.
Which type of fluids need plenty of water? correct answers Bulk
forming laxatives
Why do you need plenty of fluids when taking bulk forming laxatives
correct answers
Because they can produce esophageal and or intestinal
obstruction
Laxative use assessment correct answers Last BM and characteristics,
abdominal
pain, fever and obstruction. Assess dietary and fluid
intake.
With laxative use the nurse should correct answers Encourage fluids,
fiber andas
exercise
tolerated/indicated
Laxative use and result in correct answers Lack of bowel tone which
can lead to
dependen
cy
what is ondansetron (zofran) correct answers
antiemetic
What is ondansetron (zofran)used for? correct answers Prevention of N/V
associated
with chemotherapy and radiation
therapy.
Who should you use caution with when giving ondansetron/zofran?
correct
PTs withanswers
liver
failure
,Drugs for ulcerative colitis and crohns correct answers 5 aminosalicylates;
mesalamie,
sulfasalazin
e.
How do 5 aminosalicylates; (mesalamie, sulfasalazine) work? correct
answers They
decrease GI
inflammation
Side effects of 5 aminosalicylates; (mesalamie, sulfasalazine) correct
answers
rash, Nausea,hematological
arthralgia,
disorders
Which drug can cause colitis/c.diff correct answers
Linezolid/zyvox
What kind of infection is c.diff correct answers
Suprainfection
What is azithromycin/zithromax? correct answers An
antibiotic
What does azithromycin/zithromax treat? correct answers STDs such as:
gonorrhea
and
chlamydia
How much azithromycin/zithromax is usually required? correct answers One
dose of 1g
or
2g.
If a female pt has trichomonas (any STI) and is asymptomatic does the male
need to be
tested? correct answers
Yes!
azithromycin/zithromax can cause what? correct answers Hepatotoxicity-
elevated liver
enzyme
s
What is nitrofurantoin/cipro used for? correct answers An
antibiotic for UTI
nitrofurantoin/cipro side effect correct answers Hepatotoxicity, skin
reactions,
neuropat
hy
nitrofurantoin/cipro nursing considerations correct answers Give with
milk orLFTs.
check mealsWatch for numbness or tingling of extremities this can be an
irreversible
peripheral
neuropathy
Drug of choice for treating c.diff? correct answers
Metronidazole/flagyl
When is metronidazole/flagyl to be taken? correct answers With food and
around the
cloc
k
What should be avoided when taking metronidazole/flagyl and why?
correct answers
Alcohol; can cause a disulfiram-like
reaction
, aminoglycosides examples correct answers gentamicin(garamycin),
neomycin,
tobramycin(nebc
in)
how are aminoglycosides ,(-mycin, -micin), administered? correct answers
several
given IV for
days
what is an adverse effect of aminoglycosides (-mycin, -micin)
correct answers
decreased hearing/ototoxicity and
nephrotoxicity
what labs need to be evaluated when given aminoglycosides (-mycin, -
micin)? correct
answers BUN and
creatinine
DOC for MRSA correct answers
vancomycin
what is MRSA correct answers severe staph infections that have become
resistant to
most
antibiotics
implications for giving vancomycin correct answers acute care
requires frequent
monitoring og serum drug level for dose adjustment. peak and trough
schedule.
is drawn just trough
prior to next
dose.
risks when using vancomycin correct answers nephrotoxicity and
ototoxicity
SE of vancomycin correct answers thrombophlebitis, red man syndrome if
infused too
rapidly: flushing or rash of upper body, dyspnea, itching, hypotension-
can be lethal
how long should IV vancomycin infuse? correct answers greater than
60 minutes
what is trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole? correct answers it is a
sulfonamide
treatment of for
UTI. combination increases efficacy and inhibits metabolism of
folic different
two acid at
points
what is trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole known for? correct answers
sulfa allergy
nursing implications for trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole correct answers
assess
due for rash for stevens johnson
to potential
syndrome
penicillins have a to correct answers cross-sensitivity;
are structurally
cephalosporins. they
similar.
nursing considerations for penicillins correct answers observe respiratory
status
30 for first
minutes when administering for the first time. watch for anaphylaxis if
or the other
allergic to onemay have cross
sensitivity
what can a nurse treat penicillin anaphylaxis with? correct answers
epinephrine
What is the indication for metoclopramide/reglan? correct answers
Prevention of
chemotherapy-induced emesis and diabetic
gastroparesis
Side effects of metoclopramide/reglan correct answers Drowsiness, EPS
such as
tremor
s
Notify MD if what occurs when using metoclopramide/reglan correct
answers Tremors
What is the indication xenical (orlistat, Alli) correct answers For PTs with
BMIweight
LT of 30+;
control
SE of xenical (orlistat or alli) correct answers Oily stool and
flatulence
Nursing implications for a pt on xenical (orlistat or alli) correct
answers Ask
describe pt to
dietary intake since SE are increased if greater than 30% of fat
is in diet.
What can decrease side effects of xenical (orlistat or alli) correct
answers Fiber
laxatives like Metamucil help decrease SE by binding to
the fat.
Which type of fluids need plenty of water? correct answers Bulk
forming laxatives
Why do you need plenty of fluids when taking bulk forming laxatives
correct answers
Because they can produce esophageal and or intestinal
obstruction
Laxative use assessment correct answers Last BM and characteristics,
abdominal
pain, fever and obstruction. Assess dietary and fluid
intake.
With laxative use the nurse should correct answers Encourage fluids,
fiber andas
exercise
tolerated/indicated
Laxative use and result in correct answers Lack of bowel tone which
can lead to
dependen
cy
what is ondansetron (zofran) correct answers
antiemetic
What is ondansetron (zofran)used for? correct answers Prevention of N/V
associated
with chemotherapy and radiation
therapy.
Who should you use caution with when giving ondansetron/zofran?
correct
PTs withanswers
liver
failure
,Drugs for ulcerative colitis and crohns correct answers 5 aminosalicylates;
mesalamie,
sulfasalazin
e.
How do 5 aminosalicylates; (mesalamie, sulfasalazine) work? correct
answers They
decrease GI
inflammation
Side effects of 5 aminosalicylates; (mesalamie, sulfasalazine) correct
answers
rash, Nausea,hematological
arthralgia,
disorders
Which drug can cause colitis/c.diff correct answers
Linezolid/zyvox
What kind of infection is c.diff correct answers
Suprainfection
What is azithromycin/zithromax? correct answers An
antibiotic
What does azithromycin/zithromax treat? correct answers STDs such as:
gonorrhea
and
chlamydia
How much azithromycin/zithromax is usually required? correct answers One
dose of 1g
or
2g.
If a female pt has trichomonas (any STI) and is asymptomatic does the male
need to be
tested? correct answers
Yes!
azithromycin/zithromax can cause what? correct answers Hepatotoxicity-
elevated liver
enzyme
s
What is nitrofurantoin/cipro used for? correct answers An
antibiotic for UTI
nitrofurantoin/cipro side effect correct answers Hepatotoxicity, skin
reactions,
neuropat
hy
nitrofurantoin/cipro nursing considerations correct answers Give with
milk orLFTs.
check mealsWatch for numbness or tingling of extremities this can be an
irreversible
peripheral
neuropathy
Drug of choice for treating c.diff? correct answers
Metronidazole/flagyl
When is metronidazole/flagyl to be taken? correct answers With food and
around the
cloc
k
What should be avoided when taking metronidazole/flagyl and why?
correct answers
Alcohol; can cause a disulfiram-like
reaction
, aminoglycosides examples correct answers gentamicin(garamycin),
neomycin,
tobramycin(nebc
in)
how are aminoglycosides ,(-mycin, -micin), administered? correct answers
several
given IV for
days
what is an adverse effect of aminoglycosides (-mycin, -micin)
correct answers
decreased hearing/ototoxicity and
nephrotoxicity
what labs need to be evaluated when given aminoglycosides (-mycin, -
micin)? correct
answers BUN and
creatinine
DOC for MRSA correct answers
vancomycin
what is MRSA correct answers severe staph infections that have become
resistant to
most
antibiotics
implications for giving vancomycin correct answers acute care
requires frequent
monitoring og serum drug level for dose adjustment. peak and trough
schedule.
is drawn just trough
prior to next
dose.
risks when using vancomycin correct answers nephrotoxicity and
ototoxicity
SE of vancomycin correct answers thrombophlebitis, red man syndrome if
infused too
rapidly: flushing or rash of upper body, dyspnea, itching, hypotension-
can be lethal
how long should IV vancomycin infuse? correct answers greater than
60 minutes
what is trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole? correct answers it is a
sulfonamide
treatment of for
UTI. combination increases efficacy and inhibits metabolism of
folic different
two acid at
points
what is trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole known for? correct answers
sulfa allergy
nursing implications for trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole correct answers
assess
due for rash for stevens johnson
to potential
syndrome
penicillins have a to correct answers cross-sensitivity;
are structurally
cephalosporins. they
similar.
nursing considerations for penicillins correct answers observe respiratory
status
30 for first
minutes when administering for the first time. watch for anaphylaxis if
or the other
allergic to onemay have cross
sensitivity
what can a nurse treat penicillin anaphylaxis with? correct answers
epinephrine
