Anatomy and Physiology Exam 1
Anatomy correct answers the study of structures of
the body
Gross anatomy correct answers structures seen with the
naked eye
regional anatomy correct answers the study of the body by region (upper
limb, thorax)
systemic anatomy correct answers study of the body by
organ system
surface anatomy correct answers study of internal structures as they
relate to the
body's
surface
microscopic anatomy correct answers uses a micro scope to see structures
notthe
to visible
naked
eye
cytology correct answers the study
of cell
histology correct answers the study of
tissues
developmental anatomy correct answers they study of structural changes
that occur
over a
lifespan
embryology correct answers the study of embryo and fetal
development
physiology correct answers study of how the structures work/
function
complementarity of structure and function correct answers (form and
function are
closely
related)
-Bones are hard- they can support and
protect
-blood flows in one direction b/c we have valves that prevent back
flow of blood
levels of structural organization correct answers 1. Chemical level: atoms
joinform
to together
molecules(proteins, fats,
H2O)
2.cellular level: cells are made of
molecules
3.Tissue: consists of similar cells (epithelial-skin, lining of the mouth,
connective-
cartilage, fats, ligaments, muscular- contraction and
movement)
4.Organ: consists of different tissue types; carries out specific
functions.
5.Organ system: different organs working together to achieve a
common goal
,6. organism: multiple organ systems working together to
promote life
Muscular system correct answers Function: Allows manipulation of the
environment,
locomotion, and facial expression. Maintains posture and
produces heat.
integumentary system correct answers Function: forms the external body
coveragedeeper
protects and tissues from
injury.
Skeletal system correct answers Bones and
joints
Function: protects and supports body organs and provides a framework
muscles
cause use to
movement. Forms blood cells and stores
minerals.
Nervous System correct answers Function: as the fast acting control
system
body, it of the
responds to internal and external changes by activating
appropriate muscles
and
glands.
Endocrine System correct answers Function: Glands secrete hormones that
regulate
processes such as growth, reproduction, and nutrient use (metabolism) by
body cells.
Lymphatic system correct answers Function: Returns fluid leaked from blood
vesselsdisposes
blood; to of debris; houses white blood cells; carries out immune
responses.
cardiovascular system correct answers Function: Blood vessels transport
blood, which
carries oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, waste, etc. The heart pumps
the blood
Respiratory System correct answers Function: keeps blood constantly
supplied
oxygen and withremoves carbon dioxide. The gaseous exchanges occur through
thethe
of wallsair sacs of the
lungs.
Digestive System correct answers Function: breaks down food into
absorbable
that enter bloodunits and are distributed to body cells; indigestible foodstuffs are
eliminated
as
feces.
Urinary System correct answers Function: Eliminates nitrogenous wastes
from the
body. Regulates water, electrolytes and acid-base balance of
the blood.
reproductive system correct answers Function: Production of offspring.
Structures
both sexes of produce sex hormones; male structures produce and deliver
sperm; female
structures produce eggs and serve as sites for fertilization and
development.
Necessary life function correct answers What our body does or has to
carry out to
surviv
e:
1.Maintaining boundaries: separation of external/ internal environments and
separating
internal structures/
areas
, 2.Movement: movement of body from point A to B or movement of
substances w/in the
bod
y
3.Response to stimuli:withdrawal reflex in response to painful
stimulus
4.Digestion: breaking down and absorbing nutrients to use in
the body.
5.Metabolism: all the chemical reactions that occur in
the body.
6.excretion: getting rid of
wastes
7.Reproduction: producing
offspring
8.Growth&development: humans grow in cell # but also cells
specialized carry out
different
tasks
Survival needs correct answers What our environment supplies to
survive:
1.Nutrients: energy, building blocks for
new cells
2.Oxyge
n
3.Wate
r4.Normal body
temp
5. Normal atmospheric
pressure
Homeostasis correct answers Variable: low blood sugar
levels
1.stimulus: produces change in
variable
2.Receptor: detects
change
-info sent along the afferent
pathways
3.Control center: pancreas secretes
glucagon
-info sent along the efferent
pathway
4.Effector: liver releases glucose in
blood
Negative feedback correct answers causes a change in the variable
opposite (the
stimulus most common) ex: blood pressure, blood sugar,
thermoregulation
Positive feedback correct answers moves the variable in the same direction
as stimulus
until end goal is met ex: labor, blood
clotting
superior correct answers towards the head/ top of
the body
inferior correct answers towards the feet/bottom of
the body
anterior correct answers towards the front of
the body
posterior correct answers towards the back of
the body
medial correct answers towards midline of
the body
Anatomy correct answers the study of structures of
the body
Gross anatomy correct answers structures seen with the
naked eye
regional anatomy correct answers the study of the body by region (upper
limb, thorax)
systemic anatomy correct answers study of the body by
organ system
surface anatomy correct answers study of internal structures as they
relate to the
body's
surface
microscopic anatomy correct answers uses a micro scope to see structures
notthe
to visible
naked
eye
cytology correct answers the study
of cell
histology correct answers the study of
tissues
developmental anatomy correct answers they study of structural changes
that occur
over a
lifespan
embryology correct answers the study of embryo and fetal
development
physiology correct answers study of how the structures work/
function
complementarity of structure and function correct answers (form and
function are
closely
related)
-Bones are hard- they can support and
protect
-blood flows in one direction b/c we have valves that prevent back
flow of blood
levels of structural organization correct answers 1. Chemical level: atoms
joinform
to together
molecules(proteins, fats,
H2O)
2.cellular level: cells are made of
molecules
3.Tissue: consists of similar cells (epithelial-skin, lining of the mouth,
connective-
cartilage, fats, ligaments, muscular- contraction and
movement)
4.Organ: consists of different tissue types; carries out specific
functions.
5.Organ system: different organs working together to achieve a
common goal
,6. organism: multiple organ systems working together to
promote life
Muscular system correct answers Function: Allows manipulation of the
environment,
locomotion, and facial expression. Maintains posture and
produces heat.
integumentary system correct answers Function: forms the external body
coveragedeeper
protects and tissues from
injury.
Skeletal system correct answers Bones and
joints
Function: protects and supports body organs and provides a framework
muscles
cause use to
movement. Forms blood cells and stores
minerals.
Nervous System correct answers Function: as the fast acting control
system
body, it of the
responds to internal and external changes by activating
appropriate muscles
and
glands.
Endocrine System correct answers Function: Glands secrete hormones that
regulate
processes such as growth, reproduction, and nutrient use (metabolism) by
body cells.
Lymphatic system correct answers Function: Returns fluid leaked from blood
vesselsdisposes
blood; to of debris; houses white blood cells; carries out immune
responses.
cardiovascular system correct answers Function: Blood vessels transport
blood, which
carries oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, waste, etc. The heart pumps
the blood
Respiratory System correct answers Function: keeps blood constantly
supplied
oxygen and withremoves carbon dioxide. The gaseous exchanges occur through
thethe
of wallsair sacs of the
lungs.
Digestive System correct answers Function: breaks down food into
absorbable
that enter bloodunits and are distributed to body cells; indigestible foodstuffs are
eliminated
as
feces.
Urinary System correct answers Function: Eliminates nitrogenous wastes
from the
body. Regulates water, electrolytes and acid-base balance of
the blood.
reproductive system correct answers Function: Production of offspring.
Structures
both sexes of produce sex hormones; male structures produce and deliver
sperm; female
structures produce eggs and serve as sites for fertilization and
development.
Necessary life function correct answers What our body does or has to
carry out to
surviv
e:
1.Maintaining boundaries: separation of external/ internal environments and
separating
internal structures/
areas
, 2.Movement: movement of body from point A to B or movement of
substances w/in the
bod
y
3.Response to stimuli:withdrawal reflex in response to painful
stimulus
4.Digestion: breaking down and absorbing nutrients to use in
the body.
5.Metabolism: all the chemical reactions that occur in
the body.
6.excretion: getting rid of
wastes
7.Reproduction: producing
offspring
8.Growth&development: humans grow in cell # but also cells
specialized carry out
different
tasks
Survival needs correct answers What our environment supplies to
survive:
1.Nutrients: energy, building blocks for
new cells
2.Oxyge
n
3.Wate
r4.Normal body
temp
5. Normal atmospheric
pressure
Homeostasis correct answers Variable: low blood sugar
levels
1.stimulus: produces change in
variable
2.Receptor: detects
change
-info sent along the afferent
pathways
3.Control center: pancreas secretes
glucagon
-info sent along the efferent
pathway
4.Effector: liver releases glucose in
blood
Negative feedback correct answers causes a change in the variable
opposite (the
stimulus most common) ex: blood pressure, blood sugar,
thermoregulation
Positive feedback correct answers moves the variable in the same direction
as stimulus
until end goal is met ex: labor, blood
clotting
superior correct answers towards the head/ top of
the body
inferior correct answers towards the feet/bottom of
the body
anterior correct answers towards the front of
the body
posterior correct answers towards the back of
the body
medial correct answers towards midline of
the body
