Anatomy & Physiology I Final Exam with correct answers GRADED A+ 2024

Anatomy & Physiology I Final Exam

Anatomy correct answers The study of the *structure of
the body*
Physiology correct answers The *function of the
body*
Levels of Organization correct answers Chemical, Cellular, Tissue,
Organ, Organ
System,
Organism
*must be in the right order, smallest to
largest*
Functions/processes that distinguish living from nonliving correct answers
Maintaining
boundaries, movement, responsiveness, digestion, metabolism, excretion,
reproduction,
growth &
development
Needs to maintain life correct answers Nutrients, oxygen, water,
appropriate
temperature, appropriate atmospheric
pressure
Homeostasis;what two systems are most important for this correct
answers
to theaability
maintain stable internal environment; nervous &
endocrine
Negative feedback; ex correct answers physiological response in the
opposite
of direction
the initial stimulus; ex.
thermostat
Positive feedback; ex correct answers output exaggerates the responses;
graphs
up; ex. goes
bold
clotting
Anatomical position correct answers erect spine, arms supinated, knees
together, feet
laterally
rotated
Sagittal plane correct answers divided down the middle of the body, two
symmetrically
halves, closer to middle of body = medial, further away from to middle of
body
in the=middle
lateral,
of body =
intermediate
Frontal plane correct answers divides body into front and back halves, front
of body =back of body = posterior, (in animals) back side = dorsal,
anterior,
stomach side =
ventr
al
Transverse plane correct answers divides body at the waist, above
the waist below
superior, = the waist = inferior, (in animals) closer to head = cranial,
closer to tail =
caud
al
superior correct answers
above

,inferior correct answers
below
anterior correct answers
front
posterior correct answers
back
Proximal correct answers closer to
origin
Distal correct answers closer to
end
Superficial correct answers closer to surface
of body
Deep correct answers further from surface
of body
Medial correct answers closer to middle of
body
Lateral correct answers further from middle
of body
Two main body cavities correct answers dorsal &
ventral
Dorsal cavity contains correct answers cranial-->skull
encases brain
vertebral-->vertebral column encases
spinal cord
Ventral cavity contains which two sub cavities; what separates them
correct answers and
thoracic-->heart
lungs
abdominopelvic-->separated from thoracic by
diaphragm
Thoracic cavity contains correct answers pleural-->each
hold a lung (pericardial)-->encloses hearts and surrounds esophagus,
mediastinum
trachea, & other
thoracic
organs
Abdominopelvic cavity contains correct answers abdominal-->stomach,
intestines,
spleen, and
liver
pelvic-->urinary bladder, reproductive organs, and
rectum
serosa membrane; lines what kind of body cavities correct answers
cavity
parietal-->lines
wall
visceral serosa-->forms around
organ
ones that aren't exposed to outside
environment
what lines body cavities that are exposed to outside environment
correct answers
mucous
membrane
9 regions of the body correct
answers

, four elements that make up the human body correct answers
carbon, oxygen,
hydrogen, and
nitrogen
atomic number correct answers # of protons (equal to # of
electrons)
atomic mass correct answers # of protons and
neutrons
properties of water correct answers high heat capacity, universal solvent,
dehydration
synthesis & hydrolysis
reactions
four biological molecules and main functions correct answers
carbohydrates--> cellular
fue
lproteins-->vital role in much of the cell's functions (transmembrane
proteins,antibodies,
keratin, enzymes,
etc.)
nucleic acids-->store genetic
info
lipids-->part of cell membrane, insulate body tissues, synthesis is
hormones
RNA vs
DNA
locatio
n:
functio
n:
sugar
:bases: correct answers
DNA
location:
nucleus
function: genetic material, protein synthesis
director
sugar:
deoxyribose
bases: adenine, guanine, cytosine,
thymine
RNA
location:
cytoplasm
function: carries out genetic instructions for protein
synthesis
sugar:
bases: adenine, guanine, cytosine,
ribose
uracil
3 parts of cell correct answers plasma membrane, cytoplasm,
nucleus
3 junction types correct answers tight junction, desmosomes, and
gap junction
microvilli function and location correct answers fingerlike extensions
of plasma that increase surface area for absorption; intestinal and
membrane
kidney cells
cilia function and location correct answers small bristle like extensions
coveringthat
surface cellmoves material along by "brushing"; trachea
and oviduct
3 types of transport for plasma membrane correct answers passive--
>no energy
required
(diffusion)
active-->energy
required
vesicular-->requires energy and molecules are transported inside
vesicles