Dental Hygiene Pharmacology National Board
Questions And Answers (A+)
What is the therapeutic range on a log dose effect curve - ANSWER Where the dose is
increasing sharply
On a log dose effect curve where is the maximum response - ANSWER Where the curve
plateaus
What is potency - ANSWER The amount of a drug needed to produce an effect
What is efficacy - ANSWER The maximum effect that a drug can have regardless of the
dose.
Once reached delivering more of the drug will not add effects
Efficacy and potency are unrelated. - ANSWER .
Enteral drug administration is what - ANSWER Placed directly into GI tract. This is done
by taking the drug orally, rectally
What is parenteral administration of a drug - ANSWER Injection
What is the most cost effective and safest way to take a drug - ANSWER Orally
What can happen is a drug tHat is made from proteins is taken orally - ANSWER The
acidity of the GI tract can be inactivated. ex. Insulin can not be taken orally
,What is the first pass effect - ANSWER When a drug passes through the hepatic portal
circulation. Some of the active ingredients can be inactivated.
This may decrease some of the available drugs that can be activated.
What happens if a drug has a high first pass effect. - ANSWER They require a larger
dose.
How does the phase one reactions are carried out in the liver - ANSWER By microsomal
or cytochrome p450 enzymes
Alcohol tolerance is a common example
In which case would you want to administer a drug rectally - ANSWER If someone is
unconscious or vomiting
What are different types of parenteral administration of drugs - ANSWER Intra vascular
Intramuscular
Subcutaneous
Intradermal
Inhalation
Topical
What are some characteristics of intravascular route parenteral administration of drugs
- ANSWER Absorption phase is bypassed
Most rapid response of drug
Drug is really hard to be retrieved
, What are some characteristics of intramuscular route parenteral administration of
drugs - ANSWER Sustained effect
Usually delivered in the deltoid or gluteals
What are some characteristics of subcutaneous parenteral drug admin - ANSWER Best
route to admin protein products
May produce a sterile access or a hematoma
Insulin, anesthesia
What are some characteristics of the intra dermal parenteral route - ANSWER Injected
in the epidermis
Like the tuberculosis test
What are so e characteristics of the inhalation route - ANSWER Provides rapid delivery
Asthma and nitrous
Topical Route What are some characteristics of the topical route - ANSWER Do not use
if site is ulcerated or burned
Usually has a increased concentration
What is pharmakinetics - ANSWER How a drug is administered, distributed, metabolized
and excreted.
What can lipid solvable drugs do - ANSWER Cross the blood brain barrier
Can move across most biological barriers
In relation to drug distribution where does the doses go - ANSWER Oral goes to liver
Sublingual goes to heart
Questions And Answers (A+)
What is the therapeutic range on a log dose effect curve - ANSWER Where the dose is
increasing sharply
On a log dose effect curve where is the maximum response - ANSWER Where the curve
plateaus
What is potency - ANSWER The amount of a drug needed to produce an effect
What is efficacy - ANSWER The maximum effect that a drug can have regardless of the
dose.
Once reached delivering more of the drug will not add effects
Efficacy and potency are unrelated. - ANSWER .
Enteral drug administration is what - ANSWER Placed directly into GI tract. This is done
by taking the drug orally, rectally
What is parenteral administration of a drug - ANSWER Injection
What is the most cost effective and safest way to take a drug - ANSWER Orally
What can happen is a drug tHat is made from proteins is taken orally - ANSWER The
acidity of the GI tract can be inactivated. ex. Insulin can not be taken orally
,What is the first pass effect - ANSWER When a drug passes through the hepatic portal
circulation. Some of the active ingredients can be inactivated.
This may decrease some of the available drugs that can be activated.
What happens if a drug has a high first pass effect. - ANSWER They require a larger
dose.
How does the phase one reactions are carried out in the liver - ANSWER By microsomal
or cytochrome p450 enzymes
Alcohol tolerance is a common example
In which case would you want to administer a drug rectally - ANSWER If someone is
unconscious or vomiting
What are different types of parenteral administration of drugs - ANSWER Intra vascular
Intramuscular
Subcutaneous
Intradermal
Inhalation
Topical
What are some characteristics of intravascular route parenteral administration of drugs
- ANSWER Absorption phase is bypassed
Most rapid response of drug
Drug is really hard to be retrieved
, What are some characteristics of intramuscular route parenteral administration of
drugs - ANSWER Sustained effect
Usually delivered in the deltoid or gluteals
What are some characteristics of subcutaneous parenteral drug admin - ANSWER Best
route to admin protein products
May produce a sterile access or a hematoma
Insulin, anesthesia
What are some characteristics of the intra dermal parenteral route - ANSWER Injected
in the epidermis
Like the tuberculosis test
What are so e characteristics of the inhalation route - ANSWER Provides rapid delivery
Asthma and nitrous
Topical Route What are some characteristics of the topical route - ANSWER Do not use
if site is ulcerated or burned
Usually has a increased concentration
What is pharmakinetics - ANSWER How a drug is administered, distributed, metabolized
and excreted.
What can lipid solvable drugs do - ANSWER Cross the blood brain barrier
Can move across most biological barriers
In relation to drug distribution where does the doses go - ANSWER Oral goes to liver
Sublingual goes to heart
