NFPT CHAPTER 3 EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS (GRADED A+)

NFPT CHAPTER 3 EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS (GRADED A+) Superior - Answers Above, toward the upper part of the body Inferior - Answers Below, toward the lower part of the body Anterior (ventral) - Answers Toward or on the front of the body Posterior (dorsal) - Answers Toward or on the back of the body Proximal - Answers Closest to the point of origin from center of the body Distal - Answers Furthest from the point of the origin from center of the body Medial - Answers Towards the middle of the body Lateral - Answers Away from the middle of the body Bilateral - Answers Both sides of the body Unilateral - Answers One side of the body Peripheral - Answers Toward the extremities Superficial - Answers Toward the outer surface Deep muscles - Answers Toward the the inner body Abduction Addiction - Answers Movement away from the body or body parts midline Movement toward the body or body parts midline Flexion Extension - Answers The bending of a joint that decreases the angle The straightening of a joint that increases the angle Circumduction Rotation - Answers The motion of a circular movement Internal rotation is the movement of the body part about its axis turning inward or toward the center/ midline of the body Protraction Retraction - Answers Forward (anterior) movement of a body part Backward (posterior) movement of a body part Hypoextension Hyperextension - Answers Extension that is less than normal, under-extended Extension beyond normal limits, over extended Gliding Deviation - Answers Movement of non-angular joints over each other/ Departure from the midline Pronation - Answers palm of hand turning downward into a posterior posistion when arm is down at side or the inward roll of the foot/arch heightened during normal walking motion Supination - Answers palm of hand turning upward into an anterior position when arm is down atr side or outward roll of the foot, 'under-pronation/arch heightrnrd during normal walking motion Inversion Eversion - Answers Turning both feet towards each other so the soles face each other. turning both feet outward so the soles face away from each other Dorsiflexion Plantarflexion - Answers (ankle) pointing foor up toward the shin (ankle) pointing foot downward True or False: Ankle is distal to the hip - Answers True The wrist is distal to the shoulder. the _______ is proximal to the wrist. - Answers Elbow The Knee is ____ to the hip and ____ to the ankle. - Answers Distal; Proximal Four types of contraction - Answers Isometric Isokinetic Isotonic concentric Isotonic Eccentric Describe Isometric - Answers Where the load on the muscle is greater than the generated tension, results in no movement taking place Describe Isokinetic - Answers where the muscle contracts and shortens at a constant rate of speed, allows the muscle to gain strength evenly all through the entire ROM Describe Isotonic Concentric - Answers Causes the muscle to decrease/ shorten in length, and the angle at the joint to decrease. This action is referred to as the "positive" part of the repetition. Describe Isotonic Eccentric - Answers causes the muscle to increase/ lengthen in length, and the angle at the joint to increase. this action is referred to as the "negative" part of a repetition where the controlled resistance is returned to the starting position of an exercise. LIST and give EXAMPLES of the different movements in the planes - Answers Sagital Plane (lateral) Divides: right and left sides, lies vertically ex: squat, lunge, walking Frontal Plane (coronal) Divides: front half (anterior) and back half (posterior) half. Lies vertically ex: lateralnraise, pull down, side bends, military press Transverse (Horizontal)