CARDIOVASCULAR NUR 110 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH SOLUTIONS 2025

Blood flow through the heart - ANSWER R. atrium (deoxygenated), R. ventricle, pulmonary arteries, lungs, pulmonary veins (now oxygenated), L. atrium, L ventricle, aorta, body pericardial sac - ANSWER surrounds the heart and helps prevent overfilling. Damage to pericardial sac - ANSWER Effects hearts ability to contract, fill and relax Base of the heart - ANSWER top of the heart Apex of the heart - ANSWER tip of the heart pointing down toward the 5th left intercostal space Point of maximal impulse Apical heart Bottom of heart Conduction system of the heart - ANSWER SA node, AV node, Bundle of His, Purkinje fibers How heart contracts, relaxes, fills with electrical impulses/ stimulation SA Node - ANSWER pacemaker of the heart 60-100 Top of right atrium AV Node - ANSWER Back-up pacemaker with an intrinsic rate of 40 - 60 beats/minute. punkje fibers - ANSWER Point where ventricles are stimulated PQRST waves - ANSWER The standard waveforms found on the EKG tracing. Each wave corresponds to a specific event within the heart's electrical cycle.