Art 2313 Test 4 With
Complete Solution
Why is the period from c. 1750-1800 referred to as the "Enlightenment"? -
ANSWER It was a time after the Renaissance when people wanted to make
knowledge available to everyone, not just aristocrats.
What were the concerns of Enlightenment intellectuals and artists? -
ANSWER People started to question the authority of the Church and the
aristocracy.
What were the contributions of Diderot, Rousseau, and Voltaire? - ANSWER
Diderot - Writer who published the first encyclopedia
Rousseau - Writer who promoted sovereignty of the people
Voltaire - Playwright who promoted religious tolerance
Describe how Enlightenment ideas led to the American Revolution (1775) and
the French Revolution (1789). - ANSWER People want to be able to rule
themselves. Everyone deserved a chance to become educated.
A King doesn't have the natural right to rule over people
Describe (and be able to recognize) the Rococo style. What type of
iconography do we see in Rococo art? Who were the patrons of Rococo art? -
ANSWER It was decorative art for private homes and represented the wealthy
elite class.
,The iconography of Rococo was usually sensual subjects or leisure activities.
These paintings were beautiful and pleasing, and often set in nature, such as
a garden background.
Who was Hogarth? How did his art promote Enlightenment ideals? How did
Hogarth use art to criticize society? - ANSWER Hogarth was an English
painter who:
1.) created images with mass appeal
2.) Sold affordable copies of his work
3.) Educated the public about moral issues
He was critical of elite society and their practice of contract marriages, he
thought they should be a lifetime commitment of love not money.
Describe the form, iconography, and significance of David's "Oath of
Horatii." How is this painting a good example of the "neo-classical" style? -
ANSWER It's about a story from ancient Rome about 3 brothers who fought
to the death so that their fellow countrymen didn't have to die in battle.
Enlightenment ideals - They sacrificed themselves for their people, not a
King. It was for the greater good and the sovereignty of the people.
Why did Romantics reject Enlightenment ideals? How did political events and
technological developments cause Romantics to question the notion that
science, reason, and progress could better the world? - ANSWER They
weren't happy with the limits of the Enlightenment.
At this time there were many revolutions (U.S. & France) where many people
were killed.
, The industrial revolution essentially created a permanent working class
The reality of the world was different than what people of the Enlightenment
had hoped for.
What are the characteristics of Romanticism (as opposed to Enlightenment
ideals)? - ANSWER Romantic - critical of industrial and military excesses,
nationalist
Enlightenment - rationality, hopeful faith in science and progress, unity
across nationalities
Describe the form, iconography and significance of Goya's "Third of May"
and Turner's "Slave Ship." - ANSWER Goya's - romantic-personal, expressive
style. Violent and bloody. Scene of people being shot by firing squad.
Turner's - uses color to emphasize horror, artist's personal reaction to event.
It was a save ship in the distance and in the water it just showed the hands of
the slaves who had been thrown overboard.
What is melodrama in the theater? - ANSWER A type of theater characterized
by sensationalism and sentimentality
Describe developments in dance during the 1700 & 1800s - ANSWER Ballets,
at first, only accompanied operas but later but later become its own art form.
Male dancers held the lead roles, slowly transitioned to female dancers.
Ballet started to become more expressive and explored other themes such as
mythology.
Costumes went from movement-restricting dresses to tights.
Describe the classical style of music in terms of its 5 characteristics -
Complete Solution
Why is the period from c. 1750-1800 referred to as the "Enlightenment"? -
ANSWER It was a time after the Renaissance when people wanted to make
knowledge available to everyone, not just aristocrats.
What were the concerns of Enlightenment intellectuals and artists? -
ANSWER People started to question the authority of the Church and the
aristocracy.
What were the contributions of Diderot, Rousseau, and Voltaire? - ANSWER
Diderot - Writer who published the first encyclopedia
Rousseau - Writer who promoted sovereignty of the people
Voltaire - Playwright who promoted religious tolerance
Describe how Enlightenment ideas led to the American Revolution (1775) and
the French Revolution (1789). - ANSWER People want to be able to rule
themselves. Everyone deserved a chance to become educated.
A King doesn't have the natural right to rule over people
Describe (and be able to recognize) the Rococo style. What type of
iconography do we see in Rococo art? Who were the patrons of Rococo art? -
ANSWER It was decorative art for private homes and represented the wealthy
elite class.
,The iconography of Rococo was usually sensual subjects or leisure activities.
These paintings were beautiful and pleasing, and often set in nature, such as
a garden background.
Who was Hogarth? How did his art promote Enlightenment ideals? How did
Hogarth use art to criticize society? - ANSWER Hogarth was an English
painter who:
1.) created images with mass appeal
2.) Sold affordable copies of his work
3.) Educated the public about moral issues
He was critical of elite society and their practice of contract marriages, he
thought they should be a lifetime commitment of love not money.
Describe the form, iconography, and significance of David's "Oath of
Horatii." How is this painting a good example of the "neo-classical" style? -
ANSWER It's about a story from ancient Rome about 3 brothers who fought
to the death so that their fellow countrymen didn't have to die in battle.
Enlightenment ideals - They sacrificed themselves for their people, not a
King. It was for the greater good and the sovereignty of the people.
Why did Romantics reject Enlightenment ideals? How did political events and
technological developments cause Romantics to question the notion that
science, reason, and progress could better the world? - ANSWER They
weren't happy with the limits of the Enlightenment.
At this time there were many revolutions (U.S. & France) where many people
were killed.
, The industrial revolution essentially created a permanent working class
The reality of the world was different than what people of the Enlightenment
had hoped for.
What are the characteristics of Romanticism (as opposed to Enlightenment
ideals)? - ANSWER Romantic - critical of industrial and military excesses,
nationalist
Enlightenment - rationality, hopeful faith in science and progress, unity
across nationalities
Describe the form, iconography and significance of Goya's "Third of May"
and Turner's "Slave Ship." - ANSWER Goya's - romantic-personal, expressive
style. Violent and bloody. Scene of people being shot by firing squad.
Turner's - uses color to emphasize horror, artist's personal reaction to event.
It was a save ship in the distance and in the water it just showed the hands of
the slaves who had been thrown overboard.
What is melodrama in the theater? - ANSWER A type of theater characterized
by sensationalism and sentimentality
Describe developments in dance during the 1700 & 1800s - ANSWER Ballets,
at first, only accompanied operas but later but later become its own art form.
Male dancers held the lead roles, slowly transitioned to female dancers.
Ballet started to become more expressive and explored other themes such as
mythology.
Costumes went from movement-restricting dresses to tights.
Describe the classical style of music in terms of its 5 characteristics -
