Pharmacology Final Review
Test date:
Define: OTC Medication - sold without a prescription, , Schedule V Drugs -
abuse potential for this drug is low, Nitroglycerin - take no more than 3 times a
day, to avoid tolerance allow 8-12 hrs nitrate free, they are discarded and
prescriptions are refilled every 6 months, you may take a second dose after 5
minutes, if no relief take another dose, if no relief after 3rd dose called the
emergency department., ophthalmic medications - medications must be sterile, it is
administered in the lower conjunctival sac (apply gentle traction to the lower lid at
the bony rim of the orbit), for an examination the nurse must until eyedrops to
produce mydriasis (extreme dilation of the pupil) avoid driving or operating
machinery until blurring subsides when taking this medication, Metabolic
syndrome - the key characteristics is hyperglycemia, abdominal obesity, low high
density lipoproteins, and HTN, the most critical approach to treatment is lifestyle
management, drug therapy for initial treatment is targeted at controlling Diabetes,
HTN, and Dyslipidemia. Hispanic women are most at risk of developing this
syndrome, the incidence of this is 1 in 4 people, a patient needs to reduce stress,
excessive tobacco smoking and consumption of alcohol may aggravate this
syndrome. Associated with this syndrome is type2 diabetes, heart disease,
dementia, renal disease, obstructive sleep apnea, and polycystic ovary syndrome.,
antitussives - are for relief of coughs, Albuterol (Proventil) - treats acute
bronchospasms. If prescribed an inhaled bronchodilator and an inhaled
corticosteroid make sure the patient take the bronchodilator first then wait 5 mins
to take the corticosteroids., Tegretol (Carbamazepine) - it is used for trigeminal
neuralgia pain, prior to initiation of medication determine the patients ancestry
(can't give meds to asians), transdermal patch - be sure to label the patch with date,
time, dosage, and initial after patch placement, it takes 12-24 hr for it start working
if patient reports pain give them a PRN analgesic. Geriatric patients have decreased
, circulatory status, lactase deficiency (dairy products) - a deficiency of digestive
enzymes, the main symptom is diarrhea
#1. What is a medication that would be at greatest risk for abuse?
Lortab !! Schedule 1 drugs which are narcotic medications (opioid analgesics)
#2. How would you administer sublingual medication?
Put the medication under the tongue.
#3. How would you administer ear drops to a 2 year old child?
Pull down then back for ages 3 and under.
#4. Why are Statins administered at bedtime?
Cholesterol production is at its peak (highest at night).
#5. What happens when you suddenly discontinue a Beta-Adrenergic Blockers?
When would you hold this particular drug?
Sudden discontinuation will increase angina. You will without the drug if the
patient has asthma or if the patient reports dizziness.
#6. What is the initial treatment for Hypertension?
Initial treatment for hypertension is to administer a beta adrenergic blocker and
thiazide diuretic.
#7. Patient education: Beta- Adrenergic Blocker - should be avoided by patients
with asthma, avoid sudden discontinuation to avoid increased angina, do not take
and withhold this medication if patient have wheezing, low heart rate, peripheral
edema, or crackles in the lungs. Dizziness is a common side affect and will
subside. , Pletal (Cilostazol), Take medication exactly as instructed, twice a day on
empty stomach, 30 mins before or 2 hours after breakfast or dinner. Vasodilator.
(used to treat cramps in legs) Digoxin management - report nausea and vomiting
to the healthcare provider, administer digoxin immune fab (digibind) if intoxication
from this med occurs, viscous lidocaine (orally) - after use wait for 30 minutes
Test date:
Define: OTC Medication - sold without a prescription, , Schedule V Drugs -
abuse potential for this drug is low, Nitroglycerin - take no more than 3 times a
day, to avoid tolerance allow 8-12 hrs nitrate free, they are discarded and
prescriptions are refilled every 6 months, you may take a second dose after 5
minutes, if no relief take another dose, if no relief after 3rd dose called the
emergency department., ophthalmic medications - medications must be sterile, it is
administered in the lower conjunctival sac (apply gentle traction to the lower lid at
the bony rim of the orbit), for an examination the nurse must until eyedrops to
produce mydriasis (extreme dilation of the pupil) avoid driving or operating
machinery until blurring subsides when taking this medication, Metabolic
syndrome - the key characteristics is hyperglycemia, abdominal obesity, low high
density lipoproteins, and HTN, the most critical approach to treatment is lifestyle
management, drug therapy for initial treatment is targeted at controlling Diabetes,
HTN, and Dyslipidemia. Hispanic women are most at risk of developing this
syndrome, the incidence of this is 1 in 4 people, a patient needs to reduce stress,
excessive tobacco smoking and consumption of alcohol may aggravate this
syndrome. Associated with this syndrome is type2 diabetes, heart disease,
dementia, renal disease, obstructive sleep apnea, and polycystic ovary syndrome.,
antitussives - are for relief of coughs, Albuterol (Proventil) - treats acute
bronchospasms. If prescribed an inhaled bronchodilator and an inhaled
corticosteroid make sure the patient take the bronchodilator first then wait 5 mins
to take the corticosteroids., Tegretol (Carbamazepine) - it is used for trigeminal
neuralgia pain, prior to initiation of medication determine the patients ancestry
(can't give meds to asians), transdermal patch - be sure to label the patch with date,
time, dosage, and initial after patch placement, it takes 12-24 hr for it start working
if patient reports pain give them a PRN analgesic. Geriatric patients have decreased
, circulatory status, lactase deficiency (dairy products) - a deficiency of digestive
enzymes, the main symptom is diarrhea
#1. What is a medication that would be at greatest risk for abuse?
Lortab !! Schedule 1 drugs which are narcotic medications (opioid analgesics)
#2. How would you administer sublingual medication?
Put the medication under the tongue.
#3. How would you administer ear drops to a 2 year old child?
Pull down then back for ages 3 and under.
#4. Why are Statins administered at bedtime?
Cholesterol production is at its peak (highest at night).
#5. What happens when you suddenly discontinue a Beta-Adrenergic Blockers?
When would you hold this particular drug?
Sudden discontinuation will increase angina. You will without the drug if the
patient has asthma or if the patient reports dizziness.
#6. What is the initial treatment for Hypertension?
Initial treatment for hypertension is to administer a beta adrenergic blocker and
thiazide diuretic.
#7. Patient education: Beta- Adrenergic Blocker - should be avoided by patients
with asthma, avoid sudden discontinuation to avoid increased angina, do not take
and withhold this medication if patient have wheezing, low heart rate, peripheral
edema, or crackles in the lungs. Dizziness is a common side affect and will
subside. , Pletal (Cilostazol), Take medication exactly as instructed, twice a day on
empty stomach, 30 mins before or 2 hours after breakfast or dinner. Vasodilator.
(used to treat cramps in legs) Digoxin management - report nausea and vomiting
to the healthcare provider, administer digoxin immune fab (digibind) if intoxication
from this med occurs, viscous lidocaine (orally) - after use wait for 30 minutes
