NUR 2241 Final Exam Study Guide With
Complete Solution
A boy with leukemia screams whenever he needs to be turned or moved.
The most probable cause of this pain is:
A Edema.
B. Bone involvement.
C. Petechial hemorrhages.
D. Changes within the muscles. - ANSWER B. Bone involvement.
The most frequent presenting signs and symptoms of leukemia are a result
of infiltration of the bone marrow. These include fever, pallor, fatigue,
anorexia, hemorrhage (usually petechiae), and bone and joint pain. Perry
A 3-year-old child is hospitalized after a near-drowning accident. The
child's mother complains to the nurse, This seems unnecessary when he
is perfectly fine. The nurses best reply is:
a. He still needs a little extra oxygen.
B. I'm sure he is fine, but the doctor wants to make sure.
C The reason for this is that complications could still occur.
,d.It is important to observe for possible central nervous system problems. -
ANSWER C. The reason for this is that complications could still occur.
All children who have a near-drowning experience should be admitted to the
hospital for observation. Although many children do not appear to have
suffered adverse effects from the event, complications such as respiratory
compromise and cerebral edema may occur up to 24 hours after the incident
Which children admitted to the pediatric unit would the nurse monitor
closely
for development of syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)
(SATA)?
A. A newly diagnosed preschooler with type 1 diabetes
B. A school-age child returning from surgery for removal of a brain tumor
C. An infant with suspected meningitis
D. An adolescent with blunt abdominal trauma following a car accident
E. A school-age child with head trauma - ANSWER B. A school-age child
returning from surgery for removal of a brain tumor
C. An infant with suspected meningitis
E. A school-age child with head trauma
,Childhood SIADH usually is caused by disorders affecting the central nervous
system, such as infections (meningitis), head trauma, and brain tumors. Type
1 diabetes and blunt abdominal trauma are not likely to cause SIADH
Nursing care of a child diagnosed with syndrome of inappropriate
antidiuretic
hormone (SIADH) should Include (Select all that apply)
A. Weigh daily.
B. Encourage fluids.
C. Turn frequently.
D. Maintain nothing by mouth.
E. Restrict fluids. - ANSWER A. Weigh daily.
E. Restrict fluids.
Increased secretion of ADH causes the kidney to reabsorb water, which
increases fluid volume and decreases serum osmolarity with a progressive
reduction in sodium concentration. The immediate management of the child
is
to restrict fluids. The child should also be weighed at the same time each day
Which diagnostic finding is present when a child has primary nephrotic
, syndrome?
A. Hyperalbuminemia
B. Positive ASO titer
C. Leukocytosis
D. Proteinuria - ANSWER D. Proteinuria
Large amounts of protein are lost through the urine as a result of an
increased permeability of the glomerular basement membrane.
A school-age child has been admitted to the hospital with an exacerbation of
nephrotic syndrome. Which clinical manifestations should the nurse expect
to
assess (Select all that apply)?
A. Weight loss
B. Facial edema
C. Cloudy, smoky brown-colored urine
D. Fatigue
E. Frothy-appearing urine - ANSWER B. Facial edema
D. Fatigue
E. Frothy-appearing urine
Complete Solution
A boy with leukemia screams whenever he needs to be turned or moved.
The most probable cause of this pain is:
A Edema.
B. Bone involvement.
C. Petechial hemorrhages.
D. Changes within the muscles. - ANSWER B. Bone involvement.
The most frequent presenting signs and symptoms of leukemia are a result
of infiltration of the bone marrow. These include fever, pallor, fatigue,
anorexia, hemorrhage (usually petechiae), and bone and joint pain. Perry
A 3-year-old child is hospitalized after a near-drowning accident. The
child's mother complains to the nurse, This seems unnecessary when he
is perfectly fine. The nurses best reply is:
a. He still needs a little extra oxygen.
B. I'm sure he is fine, but the doctor wants to make sure.
C The reason for this is that complications could still occur.
,d.It is important to observe for possible central nervous system problems. -
ANSWER C. The reason for this is that complications could still occur.
All children who have a near-drowning experience should be admitted to the
hospital for observation. Although many children do not appear to have
suffered adverse effects from the event, complications such as respiratory
compromise and cerebral edema may occur up to 24 hours after the incident
Which children admitted to the pediatric unit would the nurse monitor
closely
for development of syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)
(SATA)?
A. A newly diagnosed preschooler with type 1 diabetes
B. A school-age child returning from surgery for removal of a brain tumor
C. An infant with suspected meningitis
D. An adolescent with blunt abdominal trauma following a car accident
E. A school-age child with head trauma - ANSWER B. A school-age child
returning from surgery for removal of a brain tumor
C. An infant with suspected meningitis
E. A school-age child with head trauma
,Childhood SIADH usually is caused by disorders affecting the central nervous
system, such as infections (meningitis), head trauma, and brain tumors. Type
1 diabetes and blunt abdominal trauma are not likely to cause SIADH
Nursing care of a child diagnosed with syndrome of inappropriate
antidiuretic
hormone (SIADH) should Include (Select all that apply)
A. Weigh daily.
B. Encourage fluids.
C. Turn frequently.
D. Maintain nothing by mouth.
E. Restrict fluids. - ANSWER A. Weigh daily.
E. Restrict fluids.
Increased secretion of ADH causes the kidney to reabsorb water, which
increases fluid volume and decreases serum osmolarity with a progressive
reduction in sodium concentration. The immediate management of the child
is
to restrict fluids. The child should also be weighed at the same time each day
Which diagnostic finding is present when a child has primary nephrotic
, syndrome?
A. Hyperalbuminemia
B. Positive ASO titer
C. Leukocytosis
D. Proteinuria - ANSWER D. Proteinuria
Large amounts of protein are lost through the urine as a result of an
increased permeability of the glomerular basement membrane.
A school-age child has been admitted to the hospital with an exacerbation of
nephrotic syndrome. Which clinical manifestations should the nurse expect
to
assess (Select all that apply)?
A. Weight loss
B. Facial edema
C. Cloudy, smoky brown-colored urine
D. Fatigue
E. Frothy-appearing urine - ANSWER B. Facial edema
D. Fatigue
E. Frothy-appearing urine
