Microbiology Chapter 3
4 Processes of Life - answer growth, reproduction, responsiveness, metabolism
Prokaryotes - answer kind of cell without a nucleus
eukaryote - answer kind of cell with a nucleus
organelles - answer specialized structures that act like tiny organs to carry on the
functions of the cell
glycocalyx – answer gelantious, sticky substance that surrounds the outside of a cell
capsule - answer a glycocalyx of a bacterium composed of organic chemicals firmly
attached to the cell surface
slime layer - answera loose water-soluble glycocalyx, protect cells from drying out
desciccation - answerdrying out
flagella - answerlong structures that extend beyond the cell surface and propel a cell
through the environment
3 parts of a flagella - answerfilament, hook, basal body
peritrichous flagella - answerflagella that cover the surface of a cell
polar flagella - answerflagella only at the end of a cell
endoflagella - answerflagella that spiral tightly around a cell instead of protruding
taxis - answermovement in response to stimuli
phototaxis - answermovement in response to a light stimulus
chemotaxis - answermovement in response to a chemical stimulus
fimbriae - answersticky, bristle-like projections on bacteria to allow them to adhere to
substance sin the environment or to each other
biofilms - answerslimy masses of microbes adhering to a substrate by means of
fimbriae and glycocalyces
4 Processes of Life - answer growth, reproduction, responsiveness, metabolism
Prokaryotes - answer kind of cell without a nucleus
eukaryote - answer kind of cell with a nucleus
organelles - answer specialized structures that act like tiny organs to carry on the
functions of the cell
glycocalyx – answer gelantious, sticky substance that surrounds the outside of a cell
capsule - answer a glycocalyx of a bacterium composed of organic chemicals firmly
attached to the cell surface
slime layer - answera loose water-soluble glycocalyx, protect cells from drying out
desciccation - answerdrying out
flagella - answerlong structures that extend beyond the cell surface and propel a cell
through the environment
3 parts of a flagella - answerfilament, hook, basal body
peritrichous flagella - answerflagella that cover the surface of a cell
polar flagella - answerflagella only at the end of a cell
endoflagella - answerflagella that spiral tightly around a cell instead of protruding
taxis - answermovement in response to stimuli
phototaxis - answermovement in response to a light stimulus
chemotaxis - answermovement in response to a chemical stimulus
fimbriae - answersticky, bristle-like projections on bacteria to allow them to adhere to
substance sin the environment or to each other
biofilms - answerslimy masses of microbes adhering to a substrate by means of
fimbriae and glycocalyces
