WGU C182 Introduction to IT 2023/ 2024 Exam Review|
Complete Exam Review with Questions and Verified
Answers | 100% Correct
What are core components of IT? - ANSWER Hardware
Software
People
What are some visions and goals of IT? - ANSWER Communication, both internal
and external
Sharing of resources
Facilitating the integration of Departments
Management of Information
Ensuring that the organization runs according to ethical practices
Why is IT viewed as a system? - ANSWER A system is a combination of
independent parts all working together to accomplish a goal.
What are some skills needed by IT personnel? - ANSWER Troubleshooting and
problem solving.
Knowledge of operating systems.
System level programming.
System security
Hardware
Describe trouble shooting (IT Skill) - ANSWER Detect and diagnose a problem,
then find a solution. Examples: Poor processor performance, full hard drive, virus or
other malware.
Describe knowledge of OS's (IT Skill) - ANSWER Operating system installation,
application software installation, user account creation, system monitoring.
Examples: versions of Windows, Mac OS, Linux, Unix, etc.
Describe system level programming (IT Skill) - ANSWER Shell scripts to automate
processes, manipulating configuration files for system services. Examples: Bash,
Csh scripts, Ruby scripts, C/C++ programs
Describe system security (IT Skill) - ANSWER Ensuring proper system security is in
place. Following or drafting policies for users. Monitoring for threats. Examples:
Keeping security patches up to date, configuring a system firewall, installing anti-
malware software, examining log files of evidence of breaches or attacks.
Describe hardware (IT Skill) - ANSWER Installing and configuring new hardware.
Troubleshooting, repairing, or replacing defective hardware. Examples: replacing
CPUs and disk drives, connecting network cables to network hubs, switches, routers.
,What are some System Administrator duties? - ANSWER Account management:
creating new user accounts and deleting obsolete user accounts.
Password management: making sure that all users have passwords that agree with
the security policy.
File protection management: making sure that files are appropriately protected (for
instance, making sure that important documents are not writable by the outside
world) and performing timely backups of the file system
Installing and configuring new hardware and troubleshooting hardware including the
network.
Installing and configuring new software including updating new operating system
(OS) patches, and troubleshooting software.
Providing documentation, support, and training for computer users.
Performing system-level programming as necessary (usually through scripting
languages rather than writing large-scale applications or systems software).
Security: installing and maintaining a firewall, examining log files to see if there are
any odd patterns of attempted logins, and examining suspicious processes that
perhaps should not be running.
What are some Network Administrator duties? - ANSWER physically laying down
cable.
making connections.
working with the network hardware (for instance, routers and switches).
like the system administrator, the network administrator will edit configuration files,
install software (related to the network), and so forth.
Troubleshooting the network may combine physical troubleshooting (e.g., is a cable
bad?) and software troubleshooting.
There is also a security aspect to the computer network. Both the system
administrator and network administrator may work on system firewalls. Editing
configuration files, writing shell scripts, and installing software and patches will all be
part of a network administrators tasks.
Describe a Database Administrator's duties. - ANSWER Like system
administrators, database administrators have a long list of important responsibilities,
but with a focus on the design, development, and support of database management
systems (DBMSs). Tasks will include installation, maintenance, performance
analysis, and troubleshooting as with the other administrative areas. There are
specific applications, performance tuning parameters, account creation, and
procedures associated with the DBMS that are separate from those of system
administrators and web administrators. The database administrator may also be
involved with the integration of data from older systems to new ones. As many or
,most database systems are now available over the Internet (or at least over local
area networks), the administrator must also ensure proper security measures for
remote access.
Describe a Security Administrator's duties. - ANSWER Must stay informed of the
many different types of attacks, such as denial of service attacks on web servers, IP
spoofing to intercept messages, and buffer overflow that allows a hacker to invade
computer memory with their own code. Although these are all known forms of
attacks, it does not necessarily mean that a system is protected against them. And
as these attacks are known, newer attacks are being thought of. It is the
responsibility of the security administrator to install, configure, and administer
appropriate firewall security to protect the organization's systems and to work
proactively against such intrusions.
Describe a Web Administrator's (aka Webmaster) duties. - ANSWER The web
administrator, also known as a webmaster, but more precisely referred to as a web
server administrator, is responsible for maintaining websites. This responsibility
differs from the development of websites. Specifically, the web administrator must
install, configure, maintain, secure, and troubleshoot the web server. The web server
is software that runs on one or more computers. The web administrator may or may
not be responsible for the hardware. Typically, the web administrator is not a system
administrator on that or those computers. Therefore, the web administrator will have
to work with the system administrator on some aspects of installation and
configuration. Securing the web server becomes critical for businesses. Individuals
outside and inside the organization may have reason to access data on the web-
server without authorization thus requiring the need for securing the web server. The
web administrator may be required to set up password files and establish locations
where server scripts can be stored and tested. Security may be implemented directly
through the web server software, or added through the operating system, or some
combination. Security issues may be discovered by analyzing log files that are also
used for data mining.
What are the two most common support IT roles asides from administrators? -
ANSWER training, and help desk. Training occurs as needed, but many help desks
are available 24/7.
What is information technology? - ANSWER Task of gathering data and processing
it into information.
The ability to disseminate information using technology.
The technology itself that permits these tasks.
The collection of people who are in charge of maintaining the IT infrastructure (the
computers, the networks, the operating system).
Generic definition of IT. - ANSWER We will consider IT to be the technology used
in creating, maintaining, and making information accessible. In other words, IT
combines people with computing resources, software, data, and computer networks.
, IT personnel, sometimes referred to collectively as "IT," are those people whose job
it is to supply and support IT. These include computer engineers who design and
build computer chips, computer scientists who write software for computers, and
administrators who provide the IT infrastructure for organizations.
Define information. - ANSWER Information is often defined as processed data. That
is, raw data are the input and information is the output of some process. In fact, more
generically, we should think of information as any form of interpreted data.
What does DIKW Hierarchy stand for and what is it's purpose? - ANSWER Data,
Information, Knowledge, Wisdom. It describes the transition of data to information to
knowledge to wisdom.
Define data in relation to DIKW Hierarchy. - ANSWER Data is the input directly
received by the human or computer.
Describe ways a computer may receive data (relates to DIKW). - ANSWER User
entered values from application, camera, microphone, bar code reader, sensor, pen
tablet, etc.
When does data become usable? - ANSWER After it's been converted to a relevant
form, for computers this would be binary representation.
In the DIKW Hierarchy what do we mean when we say information has been inferred
from data? - ANSWER That one or more processes have been applied to the data
to transform it into a more useful form.
Define Knowledge in the DIKW Hierarchy. - ANSWER Knowledge is sometimes
defined as information that has been put to use. In other cases, knowledge is a
synthesis of several different sources of information. One way to think of knowledge
is that it is information placed into a context, perhaps the result of experience gained
from using information. Additionally, we might think of knowledge as being refined
information such that the user of the knowledge is able to call forth only relevant
portions of information when needed. As an example, one may learn how to solve
algebraic problems by studying algebraic laws. The laws represent information,
whereas the practice of selecting the proper law to apply in a given situation is
knowledge.
Define Wisdom in the DIKW Hierarchy. - ANSWER Some refer to wisdom as an
understanding of "why"—whether this is "why things happened the way they did" or
"why people do what they do." Wisdom can only come by having both knowledge
and experience. Knowledge, on the other hand, can be learned from others who
have it. Wisdom is the ultimate goal for a human in that it improves the person's
ability to function in the modern world and to make informed decisions that take into
account beliefs and values.
Define information system. - ANSWER An information system is in essence a
collection of data and information used to support management of an organization.
The term also refers to the technical components and human resources that enable
the assembly, storage, and processing of data, and the delivery of information.
Complete Exam Review with Questions and Verified
Answers | 100% Correct
What are core components of IT? - ANSWER Hardware
Software
People
What are some visions and goals of IT? - ANSWER Communication, both internal
and external
Sharing of resources
Facilitating the integration of Departments
Management of Information
Ensuring that the organization runs according to ethical practices
Why is IT viewed as a system? - ANSWER A system is a combination of
independent parts all working together to accomplish a goal.
What are some skills needed by IT personnel? - ANSWER Troubleshooting and
problem solving.
Knowledge of operating systems.
System level programming.
System security
Hardware
Describe trouble shooting (IT Skill) - ANSWER Detect and diagnose a problem,
then find a solution. Examples: Poor processor performance, full hard drive, virus or
other malware.
Describe knowledge of OS's (IT Skill) - ANSWER Operating system installation,
application software installation, user account creation, system monitoring.
Examples: versions of Windows, Mac OS, Linux, Unix, etc.
Describe system level programming (IT Skill) - ANSWER Shell scripts to automate
processes, manipulating configuration files for system services. Examples: Bash,
Csh scripts, Ruby scripts, C/C++ programs
Describe system security (IT Skill) - ANSWER Ensuring proper system security is in
place. Following or drafting policies for users. Monitoring for threats. Examples:
Keeping security patches up to date, configuring a system firewall, installing anti-
malware software, examining log files of evidence of breaches or attacks.
Describe hardware (IT Skill) - ANSWER Installing and configuring new hardware.
Troubleshooting, repairing, or replacing defective hardware. Examples: replacing
CPUs and disk drives, connecting network cables to network hubs, switches, routers.
,What are some System Administrator duties? - ANSWER Account management:
creating new user accounts and deleting obsolete user accounts.
Password management: making sure that all users have passwords that agree with
the security policy.
File protection management: making sure that files are appropriately protected (for
instance, making sure that important documents are not writable by the outside
world) and performing timely backups of the file system
Installing and configuring new hardware and troubleshooting hardware including the
network.
Installing and configuring new software including updating new operating system
(OS) patches, and troubleshooting software.
Providing documentation, support, and training for computer users.
Performing system-level programming as necessary (usually through scripting
languages rather than writing large-scale applications or systems software).
Security: installing and maintaining a firewall, examining log files to see if there are
any odd patterns of attempted logins, and examining suspicious processes that
perhaps should not be running.
What are some Network Administrator duties? - ANSWER physically laying down
cable.
making connections.
working with the network hardware (for instance, routers and switches).
like the system administrator, the network administrator will edit configuration files,
install software (related to the network), and so forth.
Troubleshooting the network may combine physical troubleshooting (e.g., is a cable
bad?) and software troubleshooting.
There is also a security aspect to the computer network. Both the system
administrator and network administrator may work on system firewalls. Editing
configuration files, writing shell scripts, and installing software and patches will all be
part of a network administrators tasks.
Describe a Database Administrator's duties. - ANSWER Like system
administrators, database administrators have a long list of important responsibilities,
but with a focus on the design, development, and support of database management
systems (DBMSs). Tasks will include installation, maintenance, performance
analysis, and troubleshooting as with the other administrative areas. There are
specific applications, performance tuning parameters, account creation, and
procedures associated with the DBMS that are separate from those of system
administrators and web administrators. The database administrator may also be
involved with the integration of data from older systems to new ones. As many or
,most database systems are now available over the Internet (or at least over local
area networks), the administrator must also ensure proper security measures for
remote access.
Describe a Security Administrator's duties. - ANSWER Must stay informed of the
many different types of attacks, such as denial of service attacks on web servers, IP
spoofing to intercept messages, and buffer overflow that allows a hacker to invade
computer memory with their own code. Although these are all known forms of
attacks, it does not necessarily mean that a system is protected against them. And
as these attacks are known, newer attacks are being thought of. It is the
responsibility of the security administrator to install, configure, and administer
appropriate firewall security to protect the organization's systems and to work
proactively against such intrusions.
Describe a Web Administrator's (aka Webmaster) duties. - ANSWER The web
administrator, also known as a webmaster, but more precisely referred to as a web
server administrator, is responsible for maintaining websites. This responsibility
differs from the development of websites. Specifically, the web administrator must
install, configure, maintain, secure, and troubleshoot the web server. The web server
is software that runs on one or more computers. The web administrator may or may
not be responsible for the hardware. Typically, the web administrator is not a system
administrator on that or those computers. Therefore, the web administrator will have
to work with the system administrator on some aspects of installation and
configuration. Securing the web server becomes critical for businesses. Individuals
outside and inside the organization may have reason to access data on the web-
server without authorization thus requiring the need for securing the web server. The
web administrator may be required to set up password files and establish locations
where server scripts can be stored and tested. Security may be implemented directly
through the web server software, or added through the operating system, or some
combination. Security issues may be discovered by analyzing log files that are also
used for data mining.
What are the two most common support IT roles asides from administrators? -
ANSWER training, and help desk. Training occurs as needed, but many help desks
are available 24/7.
What is information technology? - ANSWER Task of gathering data and processing
it into information.
The ability to disseminate information using technology.
The technology itself that permits these tasks.
The collection of people who are in charge of maintaining the IT infrastructure (the
computers, the networks, the operating system).
Generic definition of IT. - ANSWER We will consider IT to be the technology used
in creating, maintaining, and making information accessible. In other words, IT
combines people with computing resources, software, data, and computer networks.
, IT personnel, sometimes referred to collectively as "IT," are those people whose job
it is to supply and support IT. These include computer engineers who design and
build computer chips, computer scientists who write software for computers, and
administrators who provide the IT infrastructure for organizations.
Define information. - ANSWER Information is often defined as processed data. That
is, raw data are the input and information is the output of some process. In fact, more
generically, we should think of information as any form of interpreted data.
What does DIKW Hierarchy stand for and what is it's purpose? - ANSWER Data,
Information, Knowledge, Wisdom. It describes the transition of data to information to
knowledge to wisdom.
Define data in relation to DIKW Hierarchy. - ANSWER Data is the input directly
received by the human or computer.
Describe ways a computer may receive data (relates to DIKW). - ANSWER User
entered values from application, camera, microphone, bar code reader, sensor, pen
tablet, etc.
When does data become usable? - ANSWER After it's been converted to a relevant
form, for computers this would be binary representation.
In the DIKW Hierarchy what do we mean when we say information has been inferred
from data? - ANSWER That one or more processes have been applied to the data
to transform it into a more useful form.
Define Knowledge in the DIKW Hierarchy. - ANSWER Knowledge is sometimes
defined as information that has been put to use. In other cases, knowledge is a
synthesis of several different sources of information. One way to think of knowledge
is that it is information placed into a context, perhaps the result of experience gained
from using information. Additionally, we might think of knowledge as being refined
information such that the user of the knowledge is able to call forth only relevant
portions of information when needed. As an example, one may learn how to solve
algebraic problems by studying algebraic laws. The laws represent information,
whereas the practice of selecting the proper law to apply in a given situation is
knowledge.
Define Wisdom in the DIKW Hierarchy. - ANSWER Some refer to wisdom as an
understanding of "why"—whether this is "why things happened the way they did" or
"why people do what they do." Wisdom can only come by having both knowledge
and experience. Knowledge, on the other hand, can be learned from others who
have it. Wisdom is the ultimate goal for a human in that it improves the person's
ability to function in the modern world and to make informed decisions that take into
account beliefs and values.
Define information system. - ANSWER An information system is in essence a
collection of data and information used to support management of an organization.
The term also refers to the technical components and human resources that enable
the assembly, storage, and processing of data, and the delivery of information.
