23/08/2021
DISSEMINATED INTRAVASCULAR
COAGULATION (DIC)
CAROLINE HARDEE, MSN, RN
1
OBJECTIVES
• DESCRIBE THE PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF DIC
• IDENTIFY VARIOUS TYPES OF BLOOD AND BLOOD PRODUCTS AND THE REASONS
FOR THEIR ADMINISTRATION TO A PATIENT WITH CLOTTING DISORDERS.
• IDENTIFY THE RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH BLOOD TRANSFUSION
• APPLY NURSING PROCESS RELATED TO BLOOD TRANSFUSION.
• DISCUSS THE MOST COMMON DIAGNOSTIC AND LABORATORY TESTS USED FOR
DIC
• DESCRIBE HOW DIC COMPROMISES TWO ORGAN FUNCTIONS IN A PATIENT
WITH DIC
2
DEFINITION
• LIFE THREATENING PROCESS THAT PREVENTS A
PERSON’S BLOOD FROM CLOTTING NORMALLY. DUE TO:
― EXCESSIVE CLOTTING (THROMBOSIS)
― BLEEDING (HEMORRHAGE)
― CAN LEAD TO
• SHOCK
• ORGAN FAILURE
• DEATH
3
1
, 23/08/2021
CLOTTING CASCADE
QUICK REVIEW
• HTTP://WWW.YOUTUBE.COM/WATCH?V=9QVTHDM90IO
4
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
• TRIGGERED BY
―ENDOTHELIAL DAMAGE
―RELEASE OF TISSUE FACTORS INTO CIRCULATION
―INAPPROPRIATE ACTIVATION OF CLOTTING CASCADE
―BOTH INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL CASCADES MAY BE
ACTIVATED
―USUALLY EXTRINSIC
5
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
• EXTENSIVE THROMBIN ENTERING
CIRCULATION OVERWHELMS NATURAL
ANTICOAGULANTS AND LEADS TO
UNRESTRICTED CLOT FORMATION
―PLATELETS CLUMP TOGETHER
―CLOGS SMALL BLOOD VESSELS
―DAMAGES ORGANS
―DESTROYS BLOOD CELLS
6
2
DISSEMINATED INTRAVASCULAR
COAGULATION (DIC)
CAROLINE HARDEE, MSN, RN
1
OBJECTIVES
• DESCRIBE THE PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF DIC
• IDENTIFY VARIOUS TYPES OF BLOOD AND BLOOD PRODUCTS AND THE REASONS
FOR THEIR ADMINISTRATION TO A PATIENT WITH CLOTTING DISORDERS.
• IDENTIFY THE RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH BLOOD TRANSFUSION
• APPLY NURSING PROCESS RELATED TO BLOOD TRANSFUSION.
• DISCUSS THE MOST COMMON DIAGNOSTIC AND LABORATORY TESTS USED FOR
DIC
• DESCRIBE HOW DIC COMPROMISES TWO ORGAN FUNCTIONS IN A PATIENT
WITH DIC
2
DEFINITION
• LIFE THREATENING PROCESS THAT PREVENTS A
PERSON’S BLOOD FROM CLOTTING NORMALLY. DUE TO:
― EXCESSIVE CLOTTING (THROMBOSIS)
― BLEEDING (HEMORRHAGE)
― CAN LEAD TO
• SHOCK
• ORGAN FAILURE
• DEATH
3
1
, 23/08/2021
CLOTTING CASCADE
QUICK REVIEW
• HTTP://WWW.YOUTUBE.COM/WATCH?V=9QVTHDM90IO
4
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
• TRIGGERED BY
―ENDOTHELIAL DAMAGE
―RELEASE OF TISSUE FACTORS INTO CIRCULATION
―INAPPROPRIATE ACTIVATION OF CLOTTING CASCADE
―BOTH INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL CASCADES MAY BE
ACTIVATED
―USUALLY EXTRINSIC
5
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
• EXTENSIVE THROMBIN ENTERING
CIRCULATION OVERWHELMS NATURAL
ANTICOAGULANTS AND LEADS TO
UNRESTRICTED CLOT FORMATION
―PLATELETS CLUMP TOGETHER
―CLOGS SMALL BLOOD VESSELS
―DAMAGES ORGANS
―DESTROYS BLOOD CELLS
6
2
