Greek architecture Exam Questions and Answers Already Passed

Greek architecture Exam Questions and Answers Already Passed Temenos - Answers The sacred area or enclosure surrounding a classical greek temple Propylaea - Answers A monumental gateway to a sacred enclosure, fortification, town or square Parthenon - Answers Built in honor of athena, the city's patron goddess. Used the proportion 2n+1 in determining the number of columns on the sides of the temple. Where n equals number of columns at front Ictinus and callicrates - Answers Architects of the parthenon Naos or cella - Answers Principal chamber, enclosed part of the temple where the cult image was kept Pronaos or anticum - Answers Open vestibule before the cella Epinaos or posticum - Answers Rear vestibule Opisthodomos - Answers A small room in the cella as for a treasury Acroterium - Answers A pedestal for a sculpture or ornament at the apex or at each of the lower corners of a pediment Pediment - Answers A wide, low-pitched gable surmounting a colonnade or a major division of a facade Tympanum - Answers The triangular space enclosed by the horizontal and raking cornices of a pediment, often recessed and decorated with sculpture Stylobate - Answers A course of masonry forming the foundation for a row of columns, especially the outermost colonnade of a classical temple Stereobate - Answers A solid mass of masonry visible above ground level and serving as the foundation of a building especially the platform forming the substructure of a classical temple. Also called crepidoma, podium. Acropolis - Answers City on the height. A stronghold or fortress constructed on higher ground than the surrounding urban fabric Greek temples - Answers Chief building during the hellenic period Lion's gate - Answers Part of the citadel palace of agamemnon, cyclopeab walls of boulders were eased into alignment with pebbles. Megaron - Answers Single storey dwelling with a central room, and porticoed entrance, columns supporting roof Thalamus - Answers Bedroom in a megaron Cyclopean wall - Answers Walls with large stones without mortar, on clay bedding Greek architecture - Answers Architecture with Perfected proportions, refined treatment, based on mathematical proportions, sophisticated optical corrections for perspective Limestone and marble - Answers Prime Materials for greek buildings Bronze or iron pins - Answers Blocks of stones were held in place with these set into molten lead Aegean - Answers Period in greek architecture with rough and massive structures, use of corbelled arches, cyclopean walls, and capitals with square abacus and circular bulbous echinus Treasury of atreus - Answers A tholos built outside the city during the aegean period built for kings symbolizing wealth and power Tholos - Answers Great beehive tombs for kings as monumental symbols of wealth and power Dromos - Answers The passageway or entrance to a tholos Vaulted chamber - Answers A chamber in a tholos prior to entering the burial chamber Burial chamber - Answers The chamber where the king is buried in a tholos Hellenic - Answers Period in greek architecture relating to history, culture and art, with the temple as the chief building type built with stone, timber, and terra cotta. Construction was columnar and trabeated and with the use of marble. Hellenistic - Answers Greek architecture period where culture was modified by foreign elements. Diversion from religious to civic building types, later became an inspiration for roman architecture. Layout of buildings were symmetrical and orderly. Moldings were used for decorations East - Answers Where temple entrances face Entasis - Answers Slight convex curve in the shaft of a column Deepen toward the top - Answers Optical correction for flutes Curves upward - Answers Optical correction for podium Taper toward the top - Answers Optical correction for columns Angle inwards and thicker than others - Answers Optical correction for columns at the corner Distyle in antis - Answers Having two columns in front between antae Anta - Answers Rectangular pier or pilaster formed by thickening the end of a projecting wall Prostyle - Answers Having a portico on the front only Apteral - Answers Without a colonnade along the sides Amphiprostyle - Answers Prostyle on both fronts Peripteral - Answers Having a single row of columns on all sides Pteron - Answers Colonnade parallel to, but apart from the cella Pteroma - Answers Passageway between the pteron and the cella Hemostyle - Answers 1 column Distyle - Answers 2 columns Tristyle - Answers 3 columns Tetrastyle - Answers 4 columns Pentastyle - Answers 5 columns Hexastyle - Answers 6 columns Heptastyle - Answers 7 columns Octastyle - Answers 8 columns Enneastyle - Answers 9 columns Decastyle - Answers 10 columns Dodecastyle - Answers 12 columns Column arrangement - Answers Determines the type of colonnade a classical temple has In-antis - Answers Columns are between anta and at front Amphi-antis - Answers Double anta, at front and rear Prostyle - Answers Portico at front only Amphiprostyle - Answers Porticoes at front and rear Peripteral - Answers Columns on all sides Pseudo-peripteral - Answers Columns attached to the naos