PY101 Exam 6 Personality: Theory,
Research, and Assessment
Identify the roles of consistency and distinctiveness in personality - correct
answer ✔
Define the concept of personality trait - correct answer ✔a personality trait is
a durable disposition to behave in a particular way in a variety of situations.
Used to describe people's personalities.
identify the Big Five traits - correct answer ✔Extraversion, neuroticism,
openness to experience, agreeableness, conscientiousness
Summarize how Psychoanalytic Theory explains personality - correct answer
✔it focuses on the influence of early childhood experiences, on unconscious
motives and conflicts, and on the methods people use to cope with their
sexual and aggressive urges.
of the Id, Ego, and Superego, identify the primitive instinctive, decision
making, and moral components of personality - correct answer ✔ID - the
primitive instinctive component of personality that operates according to the
pleasure principle (pleasure principle demands immediate gratification for its
urges)
Ego- the decision making component of personality that operates according to
the reality principle (reality principle seeks to delay gratification of the id's
urges until appropriate outlets and situations can be found.
Superego- the moral component of personality that incorporates social
standards about what represents right and wrong.
recognize examples of defense mechanisms - correct answer ✔ex.
repression - keeping distressed thoughts and feelings buried in the
, unconscious (a traumatized soldier has no recollection of the details of a close
brush with death)
projection - attributing one's own thoughts, feelings, or motives to another (a
woman who dislikes her boss thinks she likes her boss but feels that the boss
doesnt like her
displacement - diverting emotional feelings (usually from anger) from their
original source to a substitute target (after a parental scolding, a young girl
takes her anger out on her little brother)
reaction formation - behaving in a way thats exactly the opposite of one's true
feelings (a parent who unconsciously resents a child spoils the child with
outlandish gifts)
regression- a reversion to immature patterns of behavior (an adult has a
temper tantrum when he doesnt get his way)
rationalization - creating false but plausible excuses to justify unacceptable
behavior (a student watches TV instead of studying, saying that "additional
study wouldnt do good anyway
identification - bolstering self-esteem by forming an imaginary or real alliance
with some person or group (an insecure young man joins a fraternity to boost
his self-esteem)
sublimation - channeling unconscious, unacceptable impulses into socially
acceptable or admirable activities (a person obsessed with sex becomes a
sex therapist and helps others with their sexual problems)
Research, and Assessment
Identify the roles of consistency and distinctiveness in personality - correct
answer ✔
Define the concept of personality trait - correct answer ✔a personality trait is
a durable disposition to behave in a particular way in a variety of situations.
Used to describe people's personalities.
identify the Big Five traits - correct answer ✔Extraversion, neuroticism,
openness to experience, agreeableness, conscientiousness
Summarize how Psychoanalytic Theory explains personality - correct answer
✔it focuses on the influence of early childhood experiences, on unconscious
motives and conflicts, and on the methods people use to cope with their
sexual and aggressive urges.
of the Id, Ego, and Superego, identify the primitive instinctive, decision
making, and moral components of personality - correct answer ✔ID - the
primitive instinctive component of personality that operates according to the
pleasure principle (pleasure principle demands immediate gratification for its
urges)
Ego- the decision making component of personality that operates according to
the reality principle (reality principle seeks to delay gratification of the id's
urges until appropriate outlets and situations can be found.
Superego- the moral component of personality that incorporates social
standards about what represents right and wrong.
recognize examples of defense mechanisms - correct answer ✔ex.
repression - keeping distressed thoughts and feelings buried in the
, unconscious (a traumatized soldier has no recollection of the details of a close
brush with death)
projection - attributing one's own thoughts, feelings, or motives to another (a
woman who dislikes her boss thinks she likes her boss but feels that the boss
doesnt like her
displacement - diverting emotional feelings (usually from anger) from their
original source to a substitute target (after a parental scolding, a young girl
takes her anger out on her little brother)
reaction formation - behaving in a way thats exactly the opposite of one's true
feelings (a parent who unconsciously resents a child spoils the child with
outlandish gifts)
regression- a reversion to immature patterns of behavior (an adult has a
temper tantrum when he doesnt get his way)
rationalization - creating false but plausible excuses to justify unacceptable
behavior (a student watches TV instead of studying, saying that "additional
study wouldnt do good anyway
identification - bolstering self-esteem by forming an imaginary or real alliance
with some person or group (an insecure young man joins a fraternity to boost
his self-esteem)
sublimation - channeling unconscious, unacceptable impulses into socially
acceptable or admirable activities (a person obsessed with sex becomes a
sex therapist and helps others with their sexual problems)
