PY 101 (UAB)- Chapter 2
Biological Psychology - correct answer ✔A branch of psychology that studies
the links between biological (including neuroscience and behavior genetics)
and psychological processes.
Neuron - correct answer ✔A nerve cell; the basic building block of the
nervous system.
Dendrites - correct answer ✔A neuron's bushy, branching extensions that
receive messages and conduct impulses toward the cell body.
Axon - correct answer ✔The neuron extension that passes messages
through its branches to other neurons or muscles to glands.
Myelin Sheath - correct answer ✔A layer of fatty tissue segmentally encasing
the fibers of many neurons; enables vastly greater transmission speed of
neural impulses as the impulse hops from one node to the next.
Glial Cells - correct answer ✔Cells in the nervous system that support,
nourish, and protect neurons; they may also play a role in learning and
thinking.
Action Potential - correct answer ✔A neural impulse; a brief electrical charge
that travels down an axon.
Threshold - correct answer ✔The level of stimulation required to trigger a
neural impulse.
, Synapse - correct answer ✔The junction between the axon tip of the sending
neuron and the dendrite or cell body of the receiving neuron.
Neurotransmitters - correct answer ✔Chemical messengers that cross the
synaptic gaps between neurons. When released by the sending neuron,
neurotransmitters travel across the synapse and bind to receptor sites on the
receiving neuron, thereby influencing whether that neuron will generate a
neural impulse.
Endorphins - correct answer ✔"Morphine within"--natural, opiate-like
neurotransmitters linked to pain control and to pleasure.
Nervous System - correct answer ✔The body's speedy, electrochemical
communication network, consisting of all the nerve cells of the peripheral and
central nervous systems.
Central Nervous System - correct answer ✔The brain and spinal cord.
Peripheral Nervous System - correct answer ✔The sensory and motor
neurons that connect the central nervous system to the rest of the body
Nerves - correct answer ✔Bundled axons that form neural "cables"
connecting the central nervous system with muscles, glands, and sense
organs.
Sensory (Afferent) Neurons - correct answer ✔Neurons that carry incoming
information to the brain ans spinal cords.
Motor (Efferent) Neurons - correct answer ✔Neurons that carry outgoing
information from the brain and spinal cord to the muscles and glands.
Biological Psychology - correct answer ✔A branch of psychology that studies
the links between biological (including neuroscience and behavior genetics)
and psychological processes.
Neuron - correct answer ✔A nerve cell; the basic building block of the
nervous system.
Dendrites - correct answer ✔A neuron's bushy, branching extensions that
receive messages and conduct impulses toward the cell body.
Axon - correct answer ✔The neuron extension that passes messages
through its branches to other neurons or muscles to glands.
Myelin Sheath - correct answer ✔A layer of fatty tissue segmentally encasing
the fibers of many neurons; enables vastly greater transmission speed of
neural impulses as the impulse hops from one node to the next.
Glial Cells - correct answer ✔Cells in the nervous system that support,
nourish, and protect neurons; they may also play a role in learning and
thinking.
Action Potential - correct answer ✔A neural impulse; a brief electrical charge
that travels down an axon.
Threshold - correct answer ✔The level of stimulation required to trigger a
neural impulse.
, Synapse - correct answer ✔The junction between the axon tip of the sending
neuron and the dendrite or cell body of the receiving neuron.
Neurotransmitters - correct answer ✔Chemical messengers that cross the
synaptic gaps between neurons. When released by the sending neuron,
neurotransmitters travel across the synapse and bind to receptor sites on the
receiving neuron, thereby influencing whether that neuron will generate a
neural impulse.
Endorphins - correct answer ✔"Morphine within"--natural, opiate-like
neurotransmitters linked to pain control and to pleasure.
Nervous System - correct answer ✔The body's speedy, electrochemical
communication network, consisting of all the nerve cells of the peripheral and
central nervous systems.
Central Nervous System - correct answer ✔The brain and spinal cord.
Peripheral Nervous System - correct answer ✔The sensory and motor
neurons that connect the central nervous system to the rest of the body
Nerves - correct answer ✔Bundled axons that form neural "cables"
connecting the central nervous system with muscles, glands, and sense
organs.
Sensory (Afferent) Neurons - correct answer ✔Neurons that carry incoming
information to the brain ans spinal cords.
Motor (Efferent) Neurons - correct answer ✔Neurons that carry outgoing
information from the brain and spinal cord to the muscles and glands.
